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Mi'

PROVINCIAL DIALECTS OF ENGLAND,

I PUBLISHED BT

JOHN EUSSELL SMITH,
36, SOHO SQUARE.

WWW>/N/V\AM»«A«S/V>«

CbmtraW.— Spedmeils of Conush Provincial Dialect, with a Glosaary by an
Antiquarian Friend, also a Selection of Songs and other Pieces connected
with ComwaU. Post 8yo. Wiik a euriout portrait of JkUy FttUreatk,
Cloa. 4s,

Cheshire.^Attempt at a Glossary of some Words used in Chesbire. By
EOGXR WiLBBAHAM, FA.S., 8cc 13mo, bds. 2f. M,

Devonshire. ^Ji Devonshire Dialogue in Fonr Parts (by Mxs. PALMsa, sister
to Sir Joshua Reynolds), with a Glossary by the Ber. J. Pbillipps, of
Membory, Devon. ISmo, cloth, 2s, M,

Dorset^^Toema of,Eural Life, in the Dorset Dialect, with a Dissertation and
Glossary. By the fiev. William Basnes, B.D. Sx«ond Edition,
entailed and corrected, royal 12mo, cloth. 10s,

DuTham*^L Glossary of Words used in Teesdale, in the Goonty of Durham.
Post 8vo, with a Map of the District, cloth, ts.

jSsseX,.^cAm Noakes and Mary Styles : a Poem; exhibiting some of the most
striking localisms peculiar to Essex; with a Glossary. By Chasus
Clabx, Esq., of Great Totham Hall, Essex. Post 8vo, cloth, 2s.

LanCCUhire.^JMeet of south Lancashire, or Tim Bobbin's Tnmmus and
Meary; revised and corrected, with his Rhymes, and an knlabgxd
I GiiOSSABT of Words and Phrases, chiefly used by the rural population of

the manufacturing Districts of South Lancashire. By Sakdel Baxtosd.
12mo. Second Edition. Cloth. Ss. j&Z.

Leic€8teT9MTe.^WcitiJis, Phrases, and Proverbs of Leicestershire. By A. B.
Evans, D.D., Head Master of Marl-et-Bosworth Qrammar School. 12mo,
doth. hs.

Northamj9ton8hire.^The Dialogue and Folk-Lore of Northamptonshire : a
Glossary of NorthamptonshireProvindalisms, Collection of Fairy Legends,
Popular Superstitions, Ancient Customs, Proverbs, &c. By Thomas
STsnNBXBO. 12mo, cloth, Bs.

Northamptonshire,— jQlMMry of Northamptonshire Words and Phrases,
with Examples of their colloquial Use, and Illustrations from various
Authors ; to which are adde^ the Customs of the County. By Anne
Eli^. Bakee. Two thick vols, post 8vo. £1. 4*.

PROVINCIAL DIAZSCT8 OF BNGLAND,

Northumherland..^JG\oiKfay of Terms used in the Coal Trade of Northum-
berland and Durham. 8to. 2f .

SoTnersetshire.—BiviStic Sketches; being Rhymes on Angling, and other
subjects of Rural Life, in the Dialect of the West of England : with a
Glossary. By G. P. R. Fuluan. 12nio, cloth. Ss. 6d.

Sussex, ^Ji Glossary of the Provincialisms of the County of Sussex. By

W. DUBBANT GOOFEB, F.S.A. Post 8v0, SECOND EDITION, ENLARGED,

cloth. St.M.

Westmoreland and Cumberland, ^-DislogaeB, Poems, Songs, and Bal-
lads, by various Writers, in the Westmoreland and Cumberland Dialects,
now first collected; to which is added, a copious Glossary of Words
peculiar to those Counties. Post 8vo, pp. 408, cloth. 9s.

Wiltshire ^A Glossary of Provincial Words and Phrases in use in Wiltshire,

showing their Derivation in numerous instances from the Language of
the Anglo-Saxons. By John Yonge Akeucan, Esq., P.S.A. 12mo,
cloth. Ss.

Wiltshire Tales, illustrative of the Manners, Customs, and Dialect of that
and the adjoining Counties. By John Yonge Axe&han. 12mo, doth,
Sis. M.

WUtSj ^(?.— Spring Tide, or the Angler and liis Friends. By J. Y. Akeem an.
12mo, plates, cloth. Zs. 6d.
These dialogues incidentally illustrate the Dialect of the West of

England.

« Mr. Akennan*s Wiltshiee Tales embody most of the provincialisms
peculiar to this county and the districts of other counties lying on its
northern borders, and possess the additional recommendation of preserv-
ing the old songs (and the airs to which they are 8ung),;which are still to be
heard at most harvest homes and other merry makmgs— the well-known
Here's a health to our raeester,' and • A pie upon the pear-tree top,' among
the rest. Both to the philologist, therefore, and to the general reader, the
book is an interesting one. "Salisbury and Winchester Journal.

Yorkshire, ^TMsi Yorkshire Dialect exemplified in various Diatogues, Tales,
and SongB, with a Glossary. PostSvo. 1*.

Yorkshire*— rhib Hallamshire {fitstrict cf Sh^U) Glossary. By the Rev.

Joseph Huntbe. Post 8vo, cihth. 4a.
Grose and Teggis Glossary of Provincial and Local Words used in

England. PostSvo, ctoM. 4». 64.

Smithes (J. Russell) Bibliographical List of the Works that have been
published towards iUustrating the Provincial Dialects of England. Post
8vo. Is.

BoSWOrth^S [Rev, Br,) compendious Anglo-Saxon and English Dic-
tionary. %\o, cloth. 12*.

A GLOSSARY

ov

YORKSHIRE WORDS AND PHRASES.

" The compiler of a local Gloesary shoiild not be like the
wandering artist, who firequentlj takes but a mere outline of an
object, and then afterwards fills up the details from recollection,
but one who, indigenous as it were to the spot, loyes to feel the
full force of those old-fashioned semblances, which, like picturesque
scraps of poetry, still linger in the proyinces, and deserre, as &r
as possible, to be rescued and transmitted." — Asos*

A GLOSSARY

ov

YORKSHIRE WORDS

AND PHRASES,

COLLECTED IS

8Hf)it&s anH tije TSti^iow^otib.

WITH

EXAMPLES OF THEIB GOLLOQIHAL USE, AND ALLUSIONS TO
LOCAL CUSTOMS AND TBADITIONS.

BY AN INHABITANT. Y'):^'^^')

LONBONi
JOHN BUSSELL SMITH, 36, SOHO SQUARE.

1856.

30ZS-. Q , An

'?.;

LONDON :
TtfCKBB k Co. Frintersi Feny'i Place, Oxford Streets

PREFACE.

If a reason were to be assigned for the
publication of this collection, we should
point to the numerous Dialectical Vocabularies
which have lately appeared, as evincing an in-
creasing interest in Popular Antiquities, even if
we were not aware of the existence of societies
in most large towns, for their investigation.
Similar collections have had their proportion
of notice in the pages of our periodicals, where
the prosecution of the like undertakings in
localities hitherto neglected, or only partially
gleaned, is recommended. Moreover, the
allusion of an able writer in the Quarterly
Beview to Brockett's Glossary of North-country
Words, would seem to point to the district to
which our Glossary has reference. He states

VI PREFACE.

that some of the terms belonging to the North
and East Riding of Yorkshire have escaped
Mr. Brockett, adding, that it ought to be the
business of those who live on the spot to
obtain them, with a concluding wish that
somebody will take the hint.

Leaving it to abler hands to penetrate the
subject of dialects, or those divei»ities in the
language of a nation found among the inha-
bitants of its different parts, our work assumes
a less recondite character — ^that of a collection
of extant modifications merely, belonging to
one district. In the place, then, of disserta-
tion, be it further observed, that philologists
have recommended county historians and
topographers to annex compilations of apper-
taining words to their works, "as from a
digest of the whole, the history of the lan-
guage may receive important illustrations;"
and an opinion is entertained, that much light
may be thrown on Shakespeare's obscurities by
a knowledge of the northern idioms of this
country. We pretend not to define the bound-

PREP ACE. • VU

aries beyond which our mode of speech does or
does not extend ; but there is reason to believe
that " the North Riding phase of the Yorkshire
dialect " exists in its rifest fluency in Whitby
and its moorland vicinity, with the adjoining
townlets north and south on the coast inclusive.
Here the hand of the collector has been but par-
tially at work. Grose, the antiquary, has many
of our words, but is wrong in several of his
interpretations. Afterwards, in 1796, with a
fuller and more particular reference to this
quarter in af glossarial way, there appeared at
the end of the Bural Economy of Yorkahirey
by Mr. Marshall, of the neighbouring town of
Pickering, a list of words amounting to about
1100, to which we are variously indebted.
The present compilation contains about 2680.
A few words may be found retained which are
discoverable in our standard dictionaries; but
being there principaUy marked as growing
obsolete, on that account they appear invested
with a sort of local value, as evincing the
antiquated style of verbalism still lingering
amongst us. The orthography is formed upon

Vlll • PREFACE.

the prevalent pronunciation. The etymology
involves an acquaintance with the languages of
those continental hordes by which, in remote
periods, this quarter has been subjected and
occupied, and from which many of our words
are known to be derived ; but to this depth
of erudition we lay no claim, our task pre-
suming to nothing beyond a record of matters
pertaining to the subject, as they occur on the
surface of ordinary intercourse, with the im-
press of popular application. A few terms
are introduced on account of their peculiar
connection with the history of the place, as
Alum, Hilda, Paul Jones, Jet, Snake-
stones, Streonshalh, &c.

Looking at the past and present state of
our neighbourhood, we cannot but perceive
that provincial peculiarities are fast disappear-
ing before the advancement of an assimilating
intelligence, and the effects of a rapid and
universal communication ; and " many old-
world habits and notions," familiar to the
elders of the race now existing, will be almost

PREFACE. IX

unknown to the next generation. The remote-
ness of its situation may be considered as
having been favourable to the perpetuation of
antiquated originalities ; for Whitby, after the
dissolution of its monastery in 1539, seems to
have become a sort of terra incognita up to
the middle of the last century, when it began
to advance in those commercial pursuits which
have given it a place among the wealthier
seaports of the nation.

Further, as to the interior of the country,
Mr. Marshall, whose work dates so late as
1796, remarks, that the vast moorlands are so
far a barrier of access to the several portions,
that between the language and manners of
their respective inhabitants there is much less
affinity than might be expected. It is related
too, by Charlton, the writer of the first history
of Whitby, that there were no highways to
connect the town with other parts of England,
till a turnpike was formed, in 1759, across the
moors towards the south. Passengers, he
says, then passed over them without fear or

X :^ • PREFACE.

danger, a venture which no stranger durst
presume upon before that time without a guide.
This, then, may suffice to show our state of *

isolation, even at what may be called a recent
period, as well as tend to verify Mr. Marshall's ^

observation, that in recluse districts we may
expect to find the greatest number of genuine
provincialisms — of Ancient Vocal Sounds.

Whitby, Aufftist 1855.

•

4

GLOSSARY.

A.

A BACK-O-BEYONT, an imaginary distance of

-^^ banishment at which aperson angrily wishes his
annoyers. "I wish they were all aback-o-
beyont/' Also to be behind time. "We
were all thrown aback-o-beyont for the day/'
too late the day through^ from being so at
the commencement.

Aback o' Durham^ out of track or out of time;
in a similar sense, to the foregoing expression.

To Abear or Abide^ to endure in the sense of
liking. '' She cannot abear that man/' yery
much dislikes him. ^'I cannot abide the
spot/' cannot endure the place.

AiBLiNs, possibly^ probably. "As for walking sae
far and nae farther^ I think I aiblins mighty"
that is, possibly accomplish the distance.

Aboon, above, in an exalted or superior degree.
" The queen 's aboon us all."

Aboon heead^ in an ascendant or overhead
position. " It wets aboon heead/' it rains.
"It 's dry aboon heead/' it is fair weather.

To Addle, to earn. " They live upon what they
addle."

2 GLOSSARY.

Addlinos^ vpages. "Poor addlings/^ small pay
for work. " Hard addlings," money labo-
riously acquired. " Saving ^s good addling/^
as the well known saying, " a penny saved is
a penny gained."

Afobe LANG, erelong. '^ I shall be ready for off
afore lang," ready to set out very soon.
" It will happen afore lang gans/' before a
long time goes ; shortly.

Aftermath, the pasture after the grass is cut,
" the fog."

Agait, agoing. ^^ He was fairly set agait on^t,"
anxious of his own accord, or incited by others,
to proceed in it. " Get agait with the job,"
get forward with your work.

Agee {ff, soft), awry, oblique. *^ It was all agee,^*
quite crooked.

Agin {g. hard) , as if. " He seem'd agin he was
asleep," feigned.

Agog, excited. " They set him agog about it,""
afloat on the subject.

Ahint, behind. *^ Close ahint," very near.

Ailment, illness. " Always under an ailment,"
constantly unwell.

To Aim, to intend. "1 aim to go." " I did not
aim o' coming." Also to imagine or suppose
in an understood direction. " I aim that is
the place." " He aim^d very badly in that
matter," acted with a mistaken view. " What
o^clock is it, aim you ?" think you.

AiRT or Airth, quarter or direction. ^^ The wind
blows from a cold easterly airt." See Custard
Winds.

AiRTLiNG, aiming. " What are they all airtling
at?"

GLOSSARY. 6

AiTHEB^ furrowed ground. " The first or second
aither/' — the first or second ploughing.

Ale-dbafeb, an alehouse keeper^ or publican ; a
term now obsolete^ but occurring in the
Whitby parochial register a century ago. In
some parts, a spirit merchant was formerly
called " a Brandy spinner.'^

All to naught, a reduction to a state of nothing-
ness. " He has gone away all to naught/'
pined to a skeleton. ^^The English have
beaten 'em all to naught.''

Alum, one of the words introduced for the reason
given in the preface. Previous to the year
1595, the manufacture of alum was confined to
Italy as the pope's monopoly ; but Sir Thomas
Chaloner who visited the Italian works about
that time, ascertaining that it might be got on
his estate at Guisbro' in Yorkshire, engaged
some of the papal workmen whom he secreted
for the voyage to England in casks, for which
proceeding he was anethematized in due
form by his Holiness. The works nearest to
Whitby were begun in 1615, at Mulgrave
the property of the present Marquis of Nor-
mandy. After the alum rock or grey shale,
with which the neighbourhood abounds, is
calcined in vast heaps, the residue is steeped
in pits, and to the impregnated liquor or
sulphate of alumine thus obtained, potass and
urine were wont to be added to effect the
crystallization; but this last article, which
was used for its ammonia, was laid aside in
1794. During its requirement, Whitby
appears to have furnished the main supplies ;
large butts as reservoirs, being chained in

4 GLOSSARY.

yards and street comers^ and filled at a price
per quantity given to contributors. These
details of the past curiously contrast with the
refinements of our onm times^ though we find
from the town deeds of 1684^ that the neglect
of due decorum in the business was punished
by a fine. — '^ Quod Mattheus Shipton^ gen.
permittebat vasa urinse stare in publico strato,
&c., 5*. 6rf." — '^ Prsesentamus honorabilem
virum comitem de Mulgrave^ quia permittebat
vasa urinae in duobus locisin strato ad nusian-
tiam villse ; ideo in misericordia^ 6^/^ Pack*
horses were laden with barrels firom country
places for the works^ and small vessels traded
to Whitby to convey the stock from the town.

Amang hands^ work done conjointly with other
things. '^We can do ^t amang hands/' or
" all under one.*'

Amell^ between^ in the middle. ^'They came
amell seven and eight o'clock.^'

Ananthebs^ Anthers, or Enanthers, lest, or for
fear. ^^ FU take my cloak, ananthers it should

ram.'*

Anenst, near or against. *^ I sat close anenst him.''
Ankle-bands, strings for the sandals. Leathern

straps for the shoes to which they are attached

behind, and button in front over the instep.
ANONorNoN? the enquiry "Sir?" or "What do

you say ?" to a question or remark not heard

or understood.
Anonsker, eager, desirous. " Ihey have set the

lad anonsker about going to sea." See

Agait.
Anotherkins^ difierent, of another mould. "He

was anotherkins body to the other man."

GLOSSARY. 5

To Argufy, to argue op dispute. " It^s no use
argufying the matter.^^ " He's ower fond o'
argufying/' contradictious.

Arf or Arfish, afraid^ reluctaut. " I felt ariish
in the dark.'*

Arr^ a scar left. by a wound. "Til gie thee an
arr to carry to thy grave/' the threat Til mark
you for life, — see Pock-arr^d, An arr on the
conscience, is the inward impression of having
done wrong. " A black arr/' a black mark,
or as the saying is, a dark deed.

Arridges, the edges of a piece of squared stone or
wood; the ridges of furniture.

Arsy-varsy, head over heels, vice- versa.

Arvill, funeral; one of our words now obsolete.
See Funerals.

Ascension-day. See Holy Thursday.

Ask'd, pron. ax'd, a word having the meaning both
of invitation and announcement ; one in the
sense of being '^ Ask'd to a fimeraJ," or in-
vited; the other as ^^Ask'd at church/' or
having the marriage banns published. For-
merly in our Moordale churches, after the
clergyman had proclaimed the marrying par-
ties, it was customary for the clerk to respond
with a hearty ^^ God speed them weel." And
we may here record the practice still to be
seen, of chalking on a board the number of
the psalm which is next to be sung, and
suspending it in front of the singers' gallery
with a string, for the information of the con-
gregation.

Ass, ashes. " Burnt tiv an ass/' to a cinder.

Ass-cAARD or Ass-card, the fire-shovel for " card.

6 GLOSSARY.

ing*^ or cleaning up the fire-side. See Carded
up.

Ass-hole or Ass-midden^ the dust-heap.

Ass-riddling. Op St. Mark^s Eve^ the ashes are
riddled or sifted on the hearth. Should any
of the family be destined to die within the
year, the shoe will be imprinted on the ashes,
kai^y a mischievous wight, says Grose, has
made some of the superstitious inmates mise-
rable^ by slily coming down stairs in the dark^
and impressing the ashes with a shoe of one
of the party.

At after, afterwards. " All things i^ their proper
places, ploughing first, sowing at after.^^

Athout, without, tmless.

Atter or Atteril, the matter of a sore. " A thick
yellow atteril.*^ The tongue is said to be
covered with '^ a dry white atter," when furred
with fever.

AuD or AuLD, old. ^^An auld wife," an old
woman.

AuD-FARRAND, old-fashioucd.

Aud-Lad, " the old boy," the devil. See Scrat,

AuD LIKE, looking old. " He is beginning to grow
varry aud like," — to look very aged.

kv MAKs, things of every make or manufacture,
all kinds. '^ We saw au maks and manders o'
queer things," all manner of curiosities.

Aught (pron. ought), anything. " Ought or
nought," something or nothing. " He is
either ought or nought," that is, he is neither
one profession nor another,— an idler.

AuMAs, an alms-gift. '' Pray you, can I beg my
aumas o' ye ?" the beggar's solicitation, but
now seldom heard in those words.

GLOSSARY. 7

AuMAs LoAYEs^ alms breads distributed in the
church to the poor after Divine service: in
general the bequeathment of departed bene->
volence.

AuND^ ordained or appointed in the sense of fated.
^*At our house we are aund^ I think^ to ill
luck/^ continually having something unfortu-
nate to contend with.

AuNTEBsoME^ couragcous^ adventurous. '^ Dinnot
be ower auntersome," do not be too rash.

Avast ! stop. *' Avaust hauling/^ cease to pull.

AwEBUN, awebound^ orderly, or under authority.
'^They^re sadly ower little awebun/^ — too
loosely disciplined. ^^ They were awebun
nowther wi^ God nor man,'' disregarded all
precepts human and divine ; lawless.

AwF, an elf or fairy. See Boggle.

AwFSHOTS ; fairies are said to shoot at cattle, with
small arrows headed with flint; hence those
numbers found in the ploughed soil are ac-
counted for, which belong to the prehistoric
period of our island chronology, or above two
thousand years ago, when the use of metals
by the natives appears to have been unknown.
To cure an " awf shotten'' animal, it must be
touched with one of the shots, and the water
administered in which one of them has been
dipped ! See Heme or Barrow.

AwvisH, halfish. " I feel myself queer and aw-
vish :" that is, neither sick nor well, agreeing
with the observation — '^ A body may ail and
not be ill;'' or, "Nowther seick to lay, nor
weel to gang,'' neither ill enough to lie in bed,
nor well enough to walk about. Also in the
sense of half-witted.

8 GLOSSARY.

B.

T> ABBISH^ childish ; and in the sense of weakness

■^ or fainting. "I felt babbish enough to be
knockM down with a feather/^

Babbles and Saunters^ old women^s seesaw tales.

" Back may trust, but Belly wodH f' the saying
of the thrifty housewife in dear times — dress
may be deferred, but hunger cannot.

Back Ejtd, the latter end. " The back end of the
year/' Autumn. See Fore End,

Backerly, backward, late. " A backerly harvest."

Backkest, a cast backwards ; a retrogradation from
a state of advancement, as a '' backkest'^ in an
iUness ; a relapse.

A Badger, a huckster ; a man who goes about the
country with ass and panniers, to buy up
butter, eggs, and frmt, which he will sell at a
near market-town; and before shops were
common in every village, he dealt in needles,
thread, trimmings, and the like, for which he
was open to exchange.

To Badger, to banter, to beat down the price of
an article.

Badness, wickedness. ''They were gi'en to all
maks o* badness,^' given to all kiuds of evil.

Baffounded, stunned and perplexed. *' I was
quite bewildered and baffounded.'^

Bairn, child. "A bonny bairn," a fine child.
''A barley bairn," a birth too soon after
marriage ; so called, it is said, because barley
ripens earlier than wheat. '' A chance bairn,"
an illegitimate child. "A bairn birth,"
a lying-in or confinement.

Bairnish, childish.

Bairnishness, childishness, imbecility.

GLOSSARY. 9

Batrn-lairkinos^ children's toys.

Bairn-teems^ troops of children. ** A bonny teem
o^ baims^'^ a fine family.

Bakstone or Baxtone^ a round slate or plate of
iron^ hung by an iron bow to bake cakes
upon. '^ A bakstone cake " is here well-known
at the tea-table.

Bawm-bowl^ or Balm-bowl^ a chamber-pot.

To Balrao or Bullyrag^ to abuse ferociously with
a foul tongue^ to bully.

Baltiorum (o. long), "they play'd the very balti-
orum/' riotous proceedings, bonfire work. A
resemblance appears between this word and
the term Baltein/ which, according to Dr.
Jamieson^s Scottish Dictionary, signifies the
fire of Baal ; and in Scotland there are hillocks
on the moors still called Baal hills, where fires
were lighted and sacrifices offered to Baal
before the introduction of Christianity.

A Bally-bleeze, a bonfire. Its connexion with
the foregoing explanation seems probable as
signifying Baal blaze, the light of the Baal
fires.

A Bam, a joke, a counterfeit. " It^s all a bam,^'
false. " They put a bam upon him^'^ played
him a trick.

A Bamsey, a fat, red faced female.

A Ban, a curse.

To Ban, to curse individuals or communities, as
by the pope's ban in former times, the rites of
Christian burial and other public services of
the church were suspended. " He bannM till
all was blue,'' vented his anger furiously,
swore.

Band, a rope or string. " It is not worth a band's

10 GLOSSARY.

end/^ — valueless. ^^ There is a band for thee/'
equivalent to " go and hang yourself.'^

Bandmaker^ a rope-maker^ a twine-spinner. See
Estringlayer,

Bands^ ^^ a pair o' bands/' a couple of hinges*

Banbst, nearest, "That way /s the banest.''

Banwoods or Bairnworts, common field daisies.

Barf, a detached low ridge or hill.

Barfan, a horse's collar. See Bumble barfan.

Barn-door Savages, country clowns.

Barrow. See Houe,

Barzon, a prodigy or spectacle of a given kind
with a personal allusion, as, " He's a greedy
barzon with never a penny to spare for a poor
body's need !" See Holy barzon ; Mticky bar-
zon.

Bass, straw matting. " A knee bass," a hassock
to kneel upon.

Bat, a blow. " I'll gi'e thee thy bats," I will beat
you. " It gets more bats than bites," said of
the dog that gets more blows than food.

A Batch, a set company, a sect.

To Batter, to beat, to pelt with stones.

Batterfang'd, beaten and beclawed, as a terma-
gant will fight with her fists and nails. " A
good batterfanging."

Battering Stone, a large mass of blue whinstone
by the road side near the east end of Whitby
Abbey, which the boys were wont to batter or
pelt with stones on Holy Thursday, after the
usual perambulation of the parochial bounda-
ries, the fortunate breakers, it was said, being
entitled to a guinea from the parish. The
custom seems almost forgotten with the ces-
sation of the perambulation, and the stone

GLOSSARY. 11

reposes from year to year in its wonted solidity^
though bearing the marks on its surface, of
the juvenile assaults of former ilays.

Bauf (pron. bofe), well grown, lusty. '*A brave
bauf lad/' a fine stout boy.

A Bauk, a ridge of land between two furrows ; a
beam of timber, a perch.

To Bauter, to trample in a clownish manner, as
an ox lireads grass*

A Baxter, a baker.

Beadsman, under the papal dispensation, an alms-
man appointed to pray, or ^'tell his beads,''
for the temporal and spiritual welfare of his
benefactors. The kings in " the olden tyme,"
were wont to have their beadsmen in different
places, who wore a cloak of a given colour,
with a badge on one shoulder. We find also
there were Beadswomen; "an and beadus
wife." The terms are now used to denote
alms-people in general, and are prevalent at
Guisborough in this neighbourhood, as applied
to the inmates of the almshouses in that town.

Beadus or Beadhouse, an almshouse.

To Beal, to bellow like an ox.

Beant, Beeant, or Baint, be not. "It beeant
seea," the assertion, it is not so.

To Beb or Bezzle, to drink as the drunkard or
winebibber. "He would sit bebbing and
soaking from morning till night."

Beck, a brook. "A brigg astride o' t' beck," a
bridge across the stream.

Beckstones, stepping-stones across the brook.

Beclarted or Beglamed, splashed or bemired.

Bed HAPriNo, See Happing.

Bedizen'd, bedecked or adorned*

12 GLOSSARY.

BeostockSj the frame of the bedstead for the
sacking on which the mattress and bed rest.

Bbeagle^ a hound. ^^ A bonny beeagle V a strange
character^ a curious figure in point of dress.

A Beeskep^ a straw beehive.

Beesucken^ a term applied to the ash tree^ says
Mr, Marshall^ ''when the bark is cancerous
and black/' honeycombed or cellular and
rotten.

Befoul. See To foul,

Beggabstaff^ beggary. "They brought him to
beggarstaff/' the condition of a beggar asking
alms with a stick or staff.

Begging Poke^ the beggar's bag in which he puts
the eatables given to him. '' He com to tak
up with a begging poke/' he came to the con-
dition of begging his bread from door to door.

Behint^ behind. " They are ever so far behint/'
a long way behind.

Behodden^ beholden^ indebted. ''Ise mickle
behodden to ye/' I am much obliged to you.

Belanteb'd^ belated. See Lanter^d.

To Beldeb^ to bellow. '' What is all that shouting
and beldering about?"

Belike^ probably, likely. ''Belike I will go."
" Belike it may rain."

To Belk, to belch.

Bell-house, the tower of a church, the belfry.

Bell-wade. See Wade or Wada.

Belly-timbeb, food.

Bellywabk, the belly-ache or cholic.

Bebth, an abode. " A heeat berth," ahot place."
" He has nowther bairn nor berth," neither
family nor house, as a bachelor. Also the bed
place in a ship ; occupation or employment.

GLOSSARY. 13

Be Sharp^ be quick, make haste. «

Bessybab^ one who is fond of childish amuse-
ments.

A Bettermy body^ or a Bettermore body, one of
the better class. "She was none o' your
common folks, but quite a bettermy body.^^

Bettermost, the better of the two, the best.

Betterness, amendment. "As for my ailment
I find no betterness in it.'' See Ailment.

Bbtwattled or Betottled,- stupified, bewildered.
"I felt fairly betwattled and baffounded/'
thoroughly stunned and confused.

Betweenwhiles, the interim, the space of time
between two performances.

BsYONT, beyond. "They fairly gat beyont him,''
completely overreached him in the affair.

Bezom, a birch-broom. "A wire-ling bezom,"
one of the best kind, made of the toughest
of the heath or moor ling selected for the pur-
pose. " He's afi fond as a bezom," or " bezom-
headed," very foolish indeed.

To Bezzle. See to Beb.

To Bid, to invite, as " to bid to a wedding." " I
niwer was bodden," not asked or invited.
" Have they bidden to his burying?" invited
the friends to his funeral? "Who was the
Bidder?" the person who goes from house to
house with the invitation. See Funerals.

Bidden, See Bodden.

Bidder. See to Bid.

To BiDK, to lodge, to remain. " Where do you
bide at ?" live at. " Sit yourself down and
bide a bit," wait a little.

To Bide, to bear or endure. " He wont bide
crossing," bear contradiction. " He can still

2

14 0L03SART.

bide a vast although he has bodden a good
deal in his day ;'^ he is still strong, although
he has undergone many hardships in his life-
time. " It's bad to bide/' hard to endure.

BiELDy a shelter or shed. "A bit of a bield in a
field neuk /' a hovel or cattle shed in a field
comer.

To Big, to build, '^ It biggers on%" with refer-
ence to the progress of the building, it in-
creases in size.

A BiooiN, a building.

BiNK, a bench. Upon those of stone at cottage
doors, the fresh scoured milkpails and other
dairy utensils are oft seen placed to dry and
sweeten. Also, " a rack" or series of shelves
for plates and dishes. '^ The summer binks,''
a benched alcove or summer-house in a
garden.

BiRK, birch. '^ A birk rod," the well-known rod
of birch twigs for correcting children.

BissLiNGs or Beastlings, the first milk of a newly
calven cow, used for making '^a bissling
pudding."

A Bite and a Buffet, a maxim, never do a good
deed and then upbraid with the obligation.

"Ne'epgireabit
And a buffet wi' 't.'*

BiTTLE and Pin, the mangle in old fashioned
houses for minor articles of linen : The bittle
is a heavy wooden battledore, the pin is the
roller; and with the linen wound rotmd the
latter, it is moved backwards and forwards on
a table by handpressure with the battledore.

Blackaviz'd, tawny, dark visaged. ^^A black-
aviz'd man."

GLOSSARY. 15

Black stary'd^ blue with cold^ as the nose and
fingers. See Starving.

Black to t^ bone^ a person dark and hollow look-
ing with disease^ is said to be so.

Blairing^ bellowing^ crying or squalling as a
child. Also in the sense of " blairing out/' or
protruding the tongue as an enraged ox when
it bellows.

Blake^ yellowish and soft, the colour of beeswax.
" As blake as butter .''

Blash, water. Light or frivolous discourse. " It's
all blash/' or " blish blash /' nonsense.

To Blash, to splash with water. Also in the sense
of going or having gone to sea. '^ What he
has got, he has blash'd for/' as property
obtained by a seafaring life. *' Ay, Ay, her
poor feUow may weel blash/' an exclamation
at the sailor's wife's extravagance, meaning
he wiQ needs long have to brave the salt
element to support her expensiveness.

Blashkeoo'd, full stomached, dropsical.

Blashy, wet, rainy. "Blashy weather." ''He
goes blashing about, plodging and pleading
through thick and thin." See to Pload and
Plodge. Also in the sense of weak or watery,
as " blashy ale," thin poor stuflF.

Blate, bashM* "Fearfully blate/' exceedingly

bashful.
To Blear, to expose one's self to cold. " They run
blearing about without either hat or bon-
net."

Bleb or Blob, a water bubble. '' Blebb'd and
blister'd/' — the skin risen into bladders with
a bum or scald.
Bleck^ the dirty-looking oil or grease at the

-n

16 GLOSSARY.

friction points of machinery. '' Cart black/'
in the centre of a cart wheel.

Blee^ a tear. '' A saut blee/^ a salt tear.

Bleea^ a dusky blue or leaden colour, as the face
with cold. " He looks as bleea as a whet-
stone/'

Bleezewig, a jocular term for a gay uproarious old
man, as that of " Fireworks" was bestowed
upon Mr. Pickwick, during certain lively
proceedings imputed to that gentleman.

Blencorn, wheat mixed with rye.

BiiENDiNGs, a minglement of beans and peas.

Blessed-honies ! See Honey fathers.

To Blether, to blubber, to weep aloud.

Blethering, loud vulgar talking. ''A coarse
blethering feUow.''

To Blink, to wink, to shed a tear. *' She never
blink'd a blee for him,'' never shed a tear for
him, as at the death of one uncared for.

To Blirt, or Blurt, to speak in sudden starts. '^It
was blurted out by bit and bit," in jerks or by
degrees.

To Blob, to boil or bubble up like water, when
anything acts Upon it by plunging or other-
wise.

Blubber-Finks. See Finks.

Bluebank. '^ If I spend all my money I shall
have to travel up Bluebank." A hill occurring
on the old mail-coach road between "Whitby
and York, or York Castle, which is the debtors'
prison for the county. Both the saying and
the road have grown obsolete, the transit being
now by rail along a contiguous valley.

Blundered, rendered thick and muddy as liquids
appear when the sediment is shaken up.

GLOSSARY. 17

A Blue, a blot, "A blurr'd name," defamed.
" It left a sad blur behind it," the effect of a
fault committed.

Blusterous or Blustery, windy. "Blustery
weather."

Bluthbrment, mud, slime.

To BoAK, the eflfort to vomit, to reach.

BoDDEN or Bidden, invited. See To Bid.

BoDDEN, in the sense of having borne or under-
gone. See To Bide, To Bear.

Boggle, Boggart, a fearful object, a hobgoblin.
As in most places, so in this quarter, have
boggles and fairies had their haunts in former
times. Claymore Well, near Kettleness on the
coast, was a noted spot where the fairies
washed their clothes and beat and bleached
them, for on their washing-nights the strokes
of their bittles or battledores were heard as
far as Bunswick. The woods of Mulgrave
were haunted by Jeanie, of Biggersdale, whose
habitation a daring young farmer once ven-
tured to approach and call her.by name, when,
lo ! she angrUy replied, she was coming; and
while he was escapmg near the running stream,
just as his horse was half across, she cut it in
two parts, but fortunately he was upon the
half which had got beyond the water I See
Flayboffgle.

To Boggle, to be a&aid as a horse starts at an
object to which he has not been accustomed.
To hesitate or demur. " I boggled at it."

BoiLY, a decoction of flour and milk for babes, gruel.

To Bolden or Bowden, to have courage ; to put
a bold face on the matter. " Bowden tiv her
man ! faint heart never won fair lady."

2§

18 GLOSSARY.

fioLTs^ narrow passages^ or archways between
houses.

BoLDERS^ large round flint stones.

BoLL^ the trunk of a tree.

Bonny, fine, beautiful; and in the sense of good
or great. '^ A bonny building, and a bonny
size,'' — ^handsome and spacious. Also, ironi-
cally, '^A bonny article 1'' or as it is otherwise
said, "a pretty fellow !" "A bonny job," —
a serious affair.

" Bonny is
That bonny dii;'*

the maxim ^^ good is that good does.''

BoNNYisH. " They're a bonnyish lot," a fine set.

A Boon, a stated service rendered to the landlord
by the tenant. '^ Sickleboons," near Sneaton,
in this neighbourhood, was doubtless once
an assigned portion of land to be reaped by
the farm-holder for the proprietor, as part of
the agreement, by which the former held his
tenure.

Bore-tree, elder-tree. The soft pith of the
inside is bored out, and the hollowed stem
used for boys' pop-guns,

A Botch, a cobbler* ^'It was sadly botched,"
poorly mended.

BoTCHET, honey beer.

BoTHERMENTS, troubles,^difficulties.

BorR (pron. Book), bulk, size, substance.

BouN, bound, about to be. " I am boun off for a
bit," going away for a while. " I believe it
is boun to be wet," going to be rain.

Bounders, landmarks or boundaries, fences.

Bounders, heavy blows from violent contact,
bounces. " It fell with a great bounder," —
fell heavy and rebounded or bounced back.

C^LOtiSARY. 19

A Bout, an aflPair or process. " A heavy bout/'
" a sad bout/' ^' a hard bout/' difficult or se-
rious work. ^^ He has just had a very bad
bout/' a severe fit of illness. " A brave jolly
bout/' a feast or merry-making.

To BowDBN, see To Bolden.

A BowDYKiTE or BoLDYKiTE, a forward impudent
youth. "A saucy bowdykite lad/' perhaps
in the sense of a fledgling kite just pluming
its wings to fly.

BowKERs! an interjection expressive of slight sur-
prise.

BowzY, jolly, as fat as Falstaff.

To Brag, to boast.

To Brander, to broil.. *'A brander'd coUop/' a
broiled steak, or one done upon the coids or
fire-brands.

Brandnew, Brandspandernew, fresh &om the
maker's hands, or ^' spic and span new." The
latter term, it is said, originated in tournament
times, having reference to a spear, and signi-
fying new from spike to span, from point to
handle or altogether. ^^ A pair o' brandnew
shoes." "It had never been worn, it was
brandspandernew."

Brant or Brent, steep. " As brant as a house
side/' exceediAgly steep. " The brantest part
of the road," the steepest. *' A brent brow,"
a steep hill.

Brash, rubbish ; a well known term for the fuel
obtained by the poor from " the brash sand,"
the beach within the piers of Whitby harbour
where a mixture of coal dust, chips, and twigs,
are deposited by the river in its outward pas-
sage to the sea.

20 GLOSSARY.

Bbashy^ inferior. " Brashy bits o' things," poor
in size and quality, as inferior apples.

Brass, money, property. "They hae lots o' brass,*'
are very rich. " He's flush o' brass," full of
money. See Scant.

Bratted. slightly curdled or " crudded," as milk
when it is beginning to sour.

Braund-gino (first g pron. j), brazen-faced or
" faced like a fire-brand." " A great braund-
ging weean," a coarse impudent looking
woman.

Brave, in the sense of being of good quality. " It
is brave looking beef, and it eats bravely," it
both looks good and tastes well. Ako as
large or great. '^ A brave house." '^ A brave
sum."

Bravely! the reply to an "How do you?" — "I
am quite bravely thank you," quite well. To
get on bravely, is to prosper or "speed
bravely." See To Speed.

To Bray, to beat or chastise, to pound or powder.
"TU bray thy back for thee." "TU bray
thee to a Mithridate," which is a soft medi-
cinal confection. This last expression is the
same as the threat of beating " to a mummy"
or pulpy mass.

B RECKONS or Brakens, ferns.

Bree, a briar. *^ As sharp as a bree," as a thorn;
and with reference to the intellect, acute,
clever.

Breea, the brink or bank of a river. " The breea
side," the brook side.

Breead. "You breead o' me, you don't like
noise," — you resemble me, or you are of the
same " breed " as myself in t/hose respects, &c.

Breeds, breadtks of cloth.

GLOSSARY. 21

Bkeekin^ the natural forked division of a tree.

Breeks^ breeches. "They were, sarkless and
breekless/^ — shirtless and otherwise naked;
poverty-stricken in the extreme.

A Breeze^ a scolding. "A bonny breeze/' a
qnarrel in high terms.

Brent. See Brant.

Bride-door. To run "for the bride-door;" the
race for the bride's gift by yoimg men^ who
wait at the church-door till the marriage cere-
mony is over. The prize is usually a ribbon,
which is worn for the day in the hat of the
winner. This practice is confined to our
country places.

Bride-wain, a carriage loaded with household
goods, travelling from the bride's father's to
the bridegroom's house. Mr. Marshall ob-
serves, that formerly great parade was exhi-
bited on this occasion. The waggons were
drawn by oxen garlanded with ribbons, while
a young woman sat at her spinning-wheel in
the centre of the load, and the friends of the
parties increased the gifts as the procession
went on. As connectied with marriage cere-
monies, see Heeat'poU.

Brigo, a bridge.

Broach, the pyramidal spire of a church, pointed
like a broach or spit.

Brock, the cuckoo-spit insect found on green leaves
in an immersion of froth. "I sweat likeabrock."

To Brog, to browze from place to place, as cattle.

Brooks, or Breaks and Biles, painful boils or
'^ pushes," which break out and discharge
from different parts of the body.

Browband. See Fish-kraaL

22 GLOSSARY.

Bkowl^ a brat, a term of displeasure towards
an offending child. "You brazen'd young
browL'^

Brown Leamers. See Learners.

A Bruff, the halo round the moon^ when it shines
through a mist or haze.

A Brully^ a trifling broil or disturbance in a
crowd. " It is only a bit of a brully." Also
a slight commotion of the sea.

Brummels or Bummelkites^ the fruit of the
bramble, hedge blackberries. An abundance
in autumn is said to denote a hard coming
winter ; a prophecy also applying to the red
fruit of the hawthorn, called " cat haws ;"

'* As many haws,
So nuuiy cold toes.*^

Brambles in October are pronounced out of
season^ for the devil, about that time, has
waved his club over the bushes.

Brummel-nosed^ red-nosed, as the toper, or rather
with purplish granulations on the nose^ like
those on the fruit of the bramble.

Brunt, abrupt, precipitous. *^ Brunt mannered,^'
of hasty address ; unceremonious.

Brust or Brusten (pron. brussen), burst. " He^s
brusten big,^^ very stout. " Brusten breead-
ways/' as broad as long with fat ; distended.

Brusten up, powdered or pulverized.

Brusten out, as the flesh with blotches.

Brustenhearted, heart-broken. See Heartbrmten.

Brustenkited, ready to burst with abdominal pro-
tuberance.

Brutes ! an exclamation of displeasure at unruly
children, " You're a pack o' brutes V'

Brutishness, obscenity.

GLOSSARY. 23

BucKHEADs^ live hedge thorns, fence height.

To BuDOE^ to loosen from a state of fastness, as a

nail in a wall. " It wont budge a peg/' stir

in the least degree.
A Bull Dance, rustic merriment connected with

cattle-show feasts.
To Bullock, to abuse with the tongue ferociously,

to bully. Also simply in the sense of loud

talking. *' I should like him better without

fill that buHocking.^'
BuLLACEs, wild damsons.
BuLLSEO, a castrated bull.
BuLLSPiNK, the chaffinch.
BuLLSTANG, the dragou-fly.
BuMBLE-BARFAN, the horse's collar, made of reeds

or rushes, as distinguished from the leathern

barfan.
Bumblebee, the humble or hornless bee.
BuMMELKiTES. Sce BrummeU,
To Bunch, to kick. '^ He bunchM me."
BuNCHCLOT, a farmer (in derision), a clodhopper.
Buns or Bunnons, the hollow stems of the hog-
weed, or cow parsnip, used by boys for blowing

peas through, from the mouth.
BuRTHisTLE, the spcar-hcaded thistle.
BuRDENBANO, R hcmpcu haybaud.
Burn, a water brook. *' The bonny bum side," a

pastoral image of the poet.
BuTTERScoT, trcaclc ball, with an amalgamation of

butter in it, a richer compound than the

common sweetball. See Claggum.
Buttery. See Pantry.
Buyer or Buer, the gnat.
BuzzNACKiNG, gossipiug. ^^ In and out, buzznack-

ing about."

24 GLOSSARY.

Bygano, a by-path. See Gang,

By now, by this time. " They must have sailed

by now.*'
By-past, the time past. " In all times by-past,"

all periods gone by.
Byre or Byer, a bam. ^' A cow byre.

7>

C.

r\ AB A JEEN, a lady's cloak of eighty years ago.

^ To Cadge about, to go and seek from place^ as a
dinner-hunter.

A Cadger, a carrier to a country mill, or collector
of the com to grind belonging to the surround-
ing farmers as customers.

Caggy, ill-natured, stomachful.

Cjeedman, the poet (pron. Keedman). See Sfreari'
shalh*

Cainjy, discontented, sour. ^'As cainjy and as
cankery as an ill clep'd cur.''

To Cake, to cackle as geese or hens.

To Cake, to run into a mass, as coals in the fire
are '^ caked into a cinder."

A Cake-coufing, an interchange of tea visits, "9l
spicecake feast."

To Call, to abuse. " They called me."

A Calling, a scolding, '^A good calling," a
round of abuse.

To Callit, to rail, to chide. " They snap and
callit like a couple o' cur dogs," as an ill-
matched pair. " A callity body," a quarrel-
some person.

Cam, a mound of earth, a bank boundary to a field.

Cankbr'd, sour-tempered, ill-conditioned, "can-
kery."

GLOSSARY. 25

Canny, clever, neat, well adapted. " She's a very

canny body/' " A cannyish bit o' grund,'' or

a ''canny sized bit o' land,'' a good sized

piece. ''A canny house/' a convenient

house.
A Cantino, a sale by auction, where the goods

are lauded or appraised to the best advantage.

" We will call a canting," hold a sale.
Canty, brisk, lively, in reference to old people.

"She's a canty aud deeam for her years,"

cheerful and active for her age.
Cap Nebbing, the front of a cap which projects

over " the neb," a facetious term for the face.

See Neb,
Cap screed, a cap border, or rather a female's

linen cap border, or "Coif screed." See

Coif.
Capp'd or Capt, crowned ; overcome in argument.

" Now you have capp'd it !" convinced by what

you have said.
A Capper, a term of approval in the sense of

being superior to others in the same lot. " I

have got hold of a right one at last, now this

is a capper !"
Cars, low lands liable to be flooded.
Carberries, gooseberries.
Carded up, swept or set in order; or rather as

the ashes of the fireplace are shovelled up

and subsided.
Carking, discontented, given to raise objectioils.

Also anxious, careful.
Carl, clown, "An aud carl," sneeringly applied

both to old men and old women.
Carles or Kyles. See Brooks aud Biles.
Carlinqs^ grey peas, prescribed in old times for

3

26 GLOSSARY.

Lenten diet. They are here fried in fat after
being steeped in water, and eaten on the
Sunday but one before Easter, or the fifth
Sunday in Lent, which is called " Carl Sun-
day/^ The Lenten Sundays are alluded to as

Tid, Mid, MiBer%

Carling, Palm, and Paste Egg Day.

The first of the seven Sundays, as Sir Henry
Ellis observes, is anonymous ; and the three
terms commencing the couplet, are doubtless
corruptions of some part of the ancient Latin
service or Psalms used on each.

Casten. See Keasen.

Catcollop, cat^s meat, more particularly the
inmeats of animals,

Cathaws, the red fruit of the white May or haw-
thorn. See Brummels.

Catswerbil, the squirrel.

Catswhelps, kittens.

Cattrail, fetid Valerian root for '^ trailing*^ or
enticing cats into traps where they infest, and
to which they are attracted by the scent.

Cattijugs, the fruit of the catwhin or ^^ dog rose,
the hedge-thorn rose.

Catwhin, see the foregoing term^

Caumeril or Gaumeril, a crooked stick notched
at the ends for expanding the legs of slaugh-
tered animals. " As crooked as a gaumeril,^^
deformed.

Cazzons, the dung of cattle dried for fuel.

Cazzoh HEARTED, dispirited, downcast. *^ DonH be
cazzonhearted,'' do not let your courage fail
you.

Cess gbtherer, the rate collector.

99

GL08SA&T. 27

To Chaff, to chafe or chaffer, to quarrel. " They
chaff'd at teean f other varry sairly/' Pro-
voked one another very sorely. To tantalize
or incite.

Chafft (pron, Kafly) or Chaffheabted, mean,
unprincipled, or " as light as chaff,^^ worthless.

Chafts or Chaffs, the jaws. ^' Chaffs tied up,''
dead.

Chaf, a dealer, a purchaser. '' I hae some bacon
to sell, can you find me a chap for 't,''a cus-
tomer for it.

To Chab, to chide, to bark at.

Chass, haste, chase. " Tak your awn time ower
% there's nae chass about it," no hurry in
the matter.

Chats, the cones of the fir tree.

To Chayyle, to chew imperfectly, to mumble like
a toothless person.

Cheats. See Slycakes

Cheesecake Gbass, birdsfoot trefoil.

Cheslip, the stomach of the calf, used when dried
for curdling milk.

Chet, pap ; the sound of the word is descriptive
of the child ^^chetting" or sucking at the
breast.

Childebmas Day, the massacre of the Innocents
by order of Herod — the 28th of December.
One of our unlucky days ; so much so, that
the day of the week on which it falls is
marked as a black day for the whole year to
come. No important affair is taken in hand
on Childermas day, and the sailors are heedful
not to leave their port in the way of beginning
a voyage under any consideration.

Chimpings, rough groimd oatmeal, grits.

US GLOSSART.

To Chip^ to chop as the lips or hands in frosty
weather. See to Kin.

To Chip up, or rather " to be chipped up/* to be
tripped up, as by the foot catching a stone.

Chizzel, bran, wheat skins from refining flour.

Chokful, quite full, full even to choking.

Choltebheaded, thick-headedj duU unimagina-
tive.

Christmas Customs. The feast of the Nativity is
here announced for two or three weeks before
hand by the *' Vessel Cups" or carol singers,
who carry about, as the babe of Bethlehem, a
small figure surrounded with green sprigs of
box in an open case, having a few oranges or
red apples stuck upon the top by way of fur-
ther, decoration. Their upraised voices are a
signal for the household's attention.

*' Gk>d rest you, meny gentlemen,

May no Ul you dismay,
Bemember Christ our Saviour
Was bom on Christmas day.

Glory to God! the angels sing,
Peace and goodwill to man we bring.

In swaddling clothes the babe was wrapp'd.

And in a manger lay,
With Mary his blest mother.
Where oxen fed on hay.

Glory to God! the angels sing.
Peace and goodwill to earth we bring.

God bless the master of the house,

The mistress also,
And all your little children

GDhat round the table go.
6K>d bless your kith and kindred.

That live both far and near.
We wish you a merry Christmas,

And a happy New year.'*

OLOSSARY. 29

It is unlucky not to reward the first set of those
itinerants who call at your door^ and we have
known old fashioned folks who looked upon
their crossing the threshold as a species of
consecration I but these notions are fast pass-
ing away with those who retained them. The
holly with its red berries^ is now in request
for the decoration of houses^ churches^ and
shop windows; and preparation for making
'^ indoors smile^^ at this cheerless season of
the year^ is going on in full force. Christinas
eve at length arrives^ the bells ring out a
merry peal^ the family and friends assemble
for supper^ not in an odd but an even num-
ber^ and the candles are not to be snuffed the
evening through^ for that too would be an
imlucky perpetration ! The bowl of fdrmity
in the centre of the table^ the yule cake^
mince pies^ and the cheese and gingerbread^
receive their special laudation ; and our host
is reminded to save a bit of the yide candle
for luck and to put under the bed a piece of
the yule clog when it cools^ to preserve the
house from fire during the forthcoming
year !

" On Christmas mornings before break of day,
aU is in uproar ; numbers of boys sally forth
and go from house to house, roaring out before
every door, " I wish you a merry Christmas
and a happy new year :'' which words are
vociferated again and again, till the family
awake and admit the clamorous visitor, who,
if he be the first, is taken into the house, and
treated with money and cheese and ginger-
bread, which are also distributed, but less

30 GLOSSARY.

liberally^ to some of the sacceeding visitors.
No person^ boys excepted^ must presume to go
out of doors^ imtil the threshold has been
consecrated by the entrance of a male ; and
should a damsel lovely as an angel enter first,
her fair form would be viewed with horror as
the image of death/' See Furmity, Vessel
cups. Yule cake, 8fC.

To Chuntbb, to murmur, to have " the last word/'
in a contention.

Church-lead-watee, the rain which runs oflf the
leads or roof of the church, said to be restora-
tive when sprinkled upon the sick, especially
that from the chancel where the altar is
situated !

Chuech-staib-foot. "They live at the church-
stair-foot/' an expression in Whitby oft puz-
zling to strangers, which has been deemed to
mean inside the church at the bottom of the
stairs ; but by a sight of the lofty situation of
the parish church on the cliff, with its stair
or ascent, £rom a crowded part of the town, of
nearly two hundred steps, the matter is at
once explained.

Churlish (pron. chollos), a word of wide applica-
cation. " A shill chollos wind,'' a cold pining
wind. Certain medicines, as saline solutions,
are deemed " cold and chollos." To be " dour
and chollos," is to look dismal and act ill-
naturedly. " A bad chollos road," a piece of
stony or uneven turnpike.

Cinder-water, water in which hot cinders are
slaked, used by old women for washing the
chafed parts of infants.

To Clao, to adhere as paste; also to cling as the

GLOSSARY. 81

child to the mother^ who says '^ it clags to its

best friend/^ when it throws its little arms

around her neck^ unwilling to leave her.
Clagg'd or Clowen, in a state of adhesion.

" Clagg'd up/' closed up, clogged or " clowen

up/'
Claggum, any adhesive substance or soft mass.

The name for treacle-ball among schoolboys.
Claggy, sticky, like pitch. " Desperate claggy,''

very adhesive.
To Clame, to stick, or cause to adhere, as paper

against a wall. Likewise to spread or smear

on a surface, as lime on a building, or butter

upon bread.
Clamed, bedaubed. See Beclarted.
Clammed up, glued or parched in the mouth or

throat.
Clammy, sticky, mucilaginous. " It clams to one's

fingers,'' adheres like gum.
Clamoursome, noisy, urgent. ^' Wait a while and

deeant be sae clamoursome," don't be so

clamourous.
Clampers, claws or fangs, the fingers. '^ If T had

my clampers on him he shoidd feel the weight

o' my neaf," if he was within my clutches he

should feel the force of my fist.
A Clan, a multitude or set of people. '^ A dan o*

bairns," a crowd of children.
ClappbrclaVd, pawed with the open hand,

clawed and belaboured.
Clart, flattery. " It's all clart," hollowness.
Clarted over, flattered or appeased by flattery.
Clarty, unctuous as honey, smeary. " A clarty

hussey," an untidy woman, a slut.. " Clartj

deed," uncomfortable or bad housewifery,

dirty work.

32 GLOSSARY.

To Clash^ to clatter^ or dap as a door^ to bring

down or let any thing fall with violence.
A Clash^ a fall^ knock or braise. '^ I gat a sair

clash/' I got a sad fall.
Clashes^ news, reports. ''What's the clashes?''

" It was long the clash of the country side,"

long the talk.
Clashes, large quantities, or great amounts.

" Clashes o' brass," lots of money. " A

clash o' good things," heaps.
A Clashing, a shaking in a carriage ; concussion,

contact.
To Clatter, to raise a noise by striking against a

substance ; to beat, to chsistise. '' I'll clatter

thee "
A Clatter, a din ; a blow by a fall.
To Claum or Cloam, to pull with both hands

together, as a person tugs to remove a sack of

flour. " Claum hod," seize hold ! make the

effort.
To Claut, to paw or scratch with the fingers. " A

pair o' clauted e'en," both eyes disfigured in a

quarrel.
A Clawer, a rabble. " Clawers o' folks at your

tail," many followers.
Cled, clad or clothed. " They were beeath weel

fed and weel cled," comfortably maintained in

both respects.
Clegs, the large grey flies which torment horses

and cattle in summer. ''He sticks like a

cleg," a troublesome or importunate person;

an adherent.
Clep, name or species. " Clep'd," named. " It

was of a queerish clep," as a curious animal.
Cletch, the brood of a species, a cluster. " A

cletch of chickens." Also a section or set in

OL088ABT. 33

a party. '^A bonny cletch to be pestered
with V — opponents.

Clbuoh or Clufb, a narrow rocky glen.

To Click, to snatch rudely, as a child will dick
another's playthings.

Clicking up, shrivelling as leather when an over
hot iron is put upon it.

Clickum Fair, a place where any thing may be
snatched or stolen. " It was got at Clickum
fair/' purloined.

To Clinch, to clutch, to grasp with the hand.
Also to come suddenly upon a person. " I
just clinch'd him at the corner.'^

Clinkabuilt, the style of ship or boat building
so called, where the edges of the planks over-
lap each other in their downward progress
towards the keel.

To Clip, to cut, to shear sheep at clipping time, or
the shearing season.

A Clipper, a clever person. ^' A clipper at talk-
ing," one of those whom the old women say
" have a tongue in their heads that would clip
clouts." A fast sailing boat or ship is so
termed ; a cutter.

Clocks, beetles of all kinds, house '^ cockroaches."

Clockseaves, the black-headed bulrush.

Cloddy, thick, short, and ftdl of flesh.

Clogged up, wheazy or stuffed in the breast, closed.

Cloggy or Clogging, certain kinds of food are
said to be cloggy and indigestible; heavy,
loathing.

Closeneav'd, greedy, close-fisted.

A Clour, a lump raised on the head by a blow.

To Clout, to beat, to belabour.

A Clout, a blow, a knock. *' Give him a good
clouting."

34 GLOSSARY.

Clowbn. See Clagg'd,

To Clow, to work hard.

A Cloweb, a good worker. ''A elower at a
trencher/^ a hearty feeder. " A elower efter
pelf,'^ a striver after money.

A Clowclash, the eonfusion or " Router'' in the
house at " thorough-cleaning time/' the house-
wife's annual " dust fever.'' See Router.

Cloy, " He was as drunk as cloy." An expression
constantly heard, hut the meaning of which
is not very apparent.

A Clue, a hall of string. *' A cotten due." " A
worsted clue."

Clufe. See Cleugh.

Cluntering, walking heavily. The manner is
expressed as "cluntering and bantering."
See To Banter.

To Cluther or Clodder, to cluster or collect into
a heap. "They were all cluther'd up/' as
people in a small apartment are too confined.
" A rare cluther o' mon^/' a great sum.

Cluthbring, crowding together, mustering or
assembling.

A Coal Coop, a coal-scuttle.

Cobbles, pebbles, paving orcobstones. "A cobbled
road," a stoned path.

To Cobble, to stone, to pelt with dirt. " A good
cobbling," a severe pelting.

Cobby, lively, in good health. " I am quite cobby,
thank you."

Cobles, the " cutwater boats" of pilots and fish-
ermen in the northern seas.

CoBLEMEN, pilots, fishcrmeu, boatmen.

Cobstones, stones of a size for throwing or slinging,
paving stones.

GLOSSARY. 36

CocKLiGHT^ the dawn of day, cock-crowing. " We
are out o* bed by cock leet, and work till sun-
down/' sunset.

Cock o' t' Midden, the chief person of a party
or a neighbourhood. The master of the house
is said to be the cock of his own midden, as
the cock is the king of his own dunghilL
See Midden.

Cockroaches, house or black beetles; — See
Clocks.

Cockshut, the dose of day. See CocklighL

Cocksure, certain, positive. '^ He made himself
cocksure of success.^'

Cod, pod. "A pea cod,'' pea shell.

Cod, the fish so called; — ^respecting which, see
Ling.

Cod sounds. See Sounds.

Coffin lead rings, finger rings made of a piece of
a leaden coffin obtained from the churchyard
and worn as a cure for the cramp.

Coif, a cap, an old-fashioned lace head-dress for
females. " I want tweea yeds o' lang loom
to mak coif screeds on," two yards of long
lawn to make cap borders of.

Colliers, black swallows or swifts.

CoLLOPs, slices of meat. " I'll cut you into coUops,"
a threat of chastisement to children.

CoLLOP Monday, egg and bacon feast day, the day
before Shrove Tuesday, and the one on which,
in papal times, they took their leave of flesh
for the forthcoming Lent, which began on the
following Wednesday called Ash Wednesday.
The poor in the country now go about and
beg coUops for the feast, of their richer
neighbours.

CoLLOP. " It will be a costly collop to him he

36 GIiOSSABT.

may depend on 't/' prove a very expensive
imdert^ing. A young spendthrift is pro-
nounced to be a costly collop to his parents.
'^ A saut collop/' in the sense of " scalding
porridge'^ or something too caustic or provok-
ing to put up with.

COMEDAT, 6AN DAT^ GoD SEND SUNDAT. A phraSC

put into the mouths of the indolent and the
slovenly, who care not how the days go and
come, provided they are easy; and with a
view too or a wish towards Sunday, on which
day there is generally the least to do of all.

Co-mother, a godmother or co-helper in the
religious training of the child.

To Con over, to peruse, to consider. '^ I have
not yet conned it over in my own mind."

CoNNY, neat in person, agreeable. *' She's conny
both to face and to follow," to meet before,
as well as to follow behind, that is, — altoge-
ther.

To CoNSATB, to imagine, to conceive. " I consate
you'll be frae Lunnan ?" I suppose you will
have come from London. '^ A consated body,"
a person given to foolish or nervous notions.
Seldom heard in the sense of conceit or pride.

CooscoT, the wood pigeon.

A Corpse waking. See Wake,

A Corpse Yat, the Leich gate or Corpse gate of
the archaeologist. A shed over the entrance
to a churchyard where the corpse rested till
the minister arrived. The tall side posts are
generally of wood, and the covering, in some
instances, of thatch ; but at Harewood dale
chapel in this neighbourhood the whole is of
stone. The chapel bears the date 1636.

GLOSSARY. 37

To Cot, to do one^s own household work ; as the
term " mollv-cot^' is understood to be a man
who interferes in the doing of women's duties.

Cote, fold, shed. Sheepeotes, pigcotes, hencotes.

To Gotten, to accord or agree in sentiment. ^^ I
cannot ootten to him,^^ yield to him, or give
up my views for his. " We canH cotten toge-
ther in any shape,^^ equivalent to the well-
knownsaying — "wedonothostatthesameinn.^'

To Cotter, to entangle as thread is ravelled.
" All tetter'd and cotter'd like a wild colt's
back," as uncombed hair. ^^ Cotter'd up into
snocksnarls.'^ See the latter term,

CoTTEi^iLS, materials ; property in general. " How
is she oflf for cotterils ?" how much money
will she have to her fortune ?

To CouL, to draw together with a rake ; to puU
towards you.

CoTJLRAKE, the iron rake for the ashes at kitchen
firesides.

To Coup, to exchange. " 1^11 coup thee," I will
give you this for that. " Will you coup seats
with me ?" exchange seats. See To Swap.

To Coup ower, to fall over. '^ He couped ower
heads and tails," he evolved on the head and
feet alternately, as the harlequin tumbles at
the fair.

Couthered, recovered. " He has got nicely cou-
thered up again," amended of his illness.
Also, cheered by refreshment, or the comfort-
ing process at the fireside after personal expo-
sure to the cold. "Sit yourself down and get
yoursel couthered up a bit, in is better than
out this kind o' weather."

Covins or Cuwins, periwinkles. Easter shells, or

4

88 6L08SART.

the edible sea-snail. They abound on the rocks
southward of the entrance to Whitby harbour ;
are considered to be in season from Easter
to Ascension Day; and are sometimes sent
by small ship loads to the London markets.
" There 's a yawl i' t' beck, and onny o' ye that
^ gan and pike cavyins wiU git a shming a
bishill;^^ — there^s a fishing boat laid in the
stream^ and any of you that will go and pick
cuwins for it^ will get a shilling a bushel.
The old bellwoman^s cry at Staithes in this
quarter^ where they also abound.

CoviN-scAR, the name oft given to the rocky-beach
above alluded to. See Scar.

Cow-AWAY ! " Come, cow-away, my lad \" — be
moving.

To Cow and Pow, to walk atwist or with the shoe
toes turned inward. Shoes down- worn on
one side or '^ ill trodden/^ are said to be cowed,
or to have belonged to a cow-footed person.

A Cow-BYRB, a cow-bam.

Cow-CLAGs or Clod-claos, caked lumps of dirt
hanging to the hair of cattle and the wool of
sheep. '^He was cow-clagg'd to the very
rig/' ridge or back, bemired half-way up the
person.

CoVd, subdued. "His wife will cow him, FU
warrant her V^

CowDY, active, frolicksome. " Quite cowdy," well
in health and spirits.

To Cower or Coor^ to crouch or squat upon the
haunches. " I'll mak thee cower under me!''
a threat of subduction.

A Cow-gate, pasturage for a cow. See Oskin.

Cow- LADIES, small scarlet beetles with black spots;

GLOSSARY. 89

the field " lady-birds*' of summer. " Lady-
clocks.*'

Cowl-press^ a lever.

Cozy, comfortable. " I am very warm and cozy."

Crack'd or Cracky, somewhat crazy or "crack-
brain'd.'* '^ A bit cracky/' partially crazy.

Cracks, news. ''What cracks?" "A cracky
body," a newsmonger or gossip.

Crake or Cruke, a rook or crow, ''And crake-
sticks," an old rook's nest.

Crambazzle, a worn-out dissipated old man. '' An
aud crambazzle."

To Crammel or Cramble, to walk ill, as with
corns on the feet, to hobble. '' I walk quite
crammelly." " He can hardly get crammell'd
along."

Crambles, the large knotted boughs of trees.

Cranky, checked linen, a blue strip on a white
ground. ''A cranky apron," now seldom
seen, but worn fifty years ago, both by servants
and dames.

Cranky, stiff jointed, pained with the effort of
walking. '' I feel my legs quite cranky."

To Cransh, to crush or grind with the teeth, or
as a waggon on a gravell'd road.

Cranshy, gritty.

Cratchet, the crown of the head. ''Nap his
cratchet," crack his crown.

Crbaker. " A bairn's creaker," a child's rattle.

Creakwarner. See Night creaker.

To Cree or Creave, to pre- boil, to seeth over the
fire, as rice or wheat. " Creaving days," in
the country, are those on which "creaved
wheat" is prepared for the Christmas-eve
market, when it is brought into the town in

40 GLOSSAKY.

pails for sale^ with barrels of milk for boiling
it into " Frumity/' the Christmas-eve repast.
See Frumity, and Christmas.

Cbb£pin6s^ cold shivery sensations. '^ I believe I
have got my creepings/^ caught coH.

To Crob, to upbraid or reproach. '^They are
always crobbing me.**

Cross. " He begged like a cripple at a cross,'*
very urgently. The steps of the crosses, par-
ticularly those by the road sides in Catholic
times, were the common resort of the maimed
and the mendicant in their daily supplications
for alms.

Cross nor Coin. *^Vm blest wi' nowther cross
nor coin,*' or as we have otherwise heard it
said, " nowther brass nor benediction,** neither
money nor any one*s good wishes — destitute,
forlorn.

A Crossoang or Crossgait, a cross-road. ^^A
bit of a crossgang,** a footpath or track across
a field. See Gang.

To Cbowp, to grunt or grumble. "A crowpy
body,** a repiner. " A crowping,** that kind
of subdued croaking heard in the bowels from
flatulence.

Crowse, brisk. '^ As crowse as a lop,** as brisk as
a flea, " Quite crowse and hearty,** quite well.

To Crowdlb or Cruddle, to creep close together,
as children round the fire, to huddle.

Crowdt, oatmeal and water boiled to a paste and
eaten with salt, or thinned with milk and
sweetened. Spoonmeat in general.

To Cruddle, to congeal or curdle, as milk in
warm weather becomes sour.

Crudded, curdled or soured as milk into curds.

" U H ■ ■^■HPV««i9

GLOSSARY. 41

Cbuds^ curds obtained by the acid treatment of
milk over the fire. In great demand on
market days for the home manufEtctnre of
cheese-cakes.

Cbuke^ the wry-neck disease in cattle and sheep.
Also the crook in the leg when it stands out
in a twisted form from the effects of Fellon^
which see.

Cbuke^ a crotchet or whim. See Fond cruke.

Cbuke^ a rook. See Crake,

C&ULEs^ worsted of all colours for fancy needle-
work.

To C&UNKLE^ to crease or rumple^ as linen or
paper.

A Cbush^ a crowd. See RvLsh.

A Cbush^ a feast or merry-making. A country ball.

CuFFiDATT, a word now hardly known^ but which
we have frequently heard in our boyish days ;
gossipry^ j^bing^ or lazy talk as distinguished
from regular conversation. " He was fain for
half an hour's cuffidaft^ and for myself I like
to blow my horn when I list;'' he was anxious
for half an hour's gossip^ and I also love to
have my talk out when disposed.

CuMBEB^trouble,obstruction. " A cumber ground."

Cup-BOSE, the poppy.

Cushats^ wild pigeons.

Custard-winds, the cold easterly winds which
prevail here about Easter, when custards are
more particularly in vogue as a popular
dainty.

<' The wind at north and east
Is neither good for man nor beast ;
So never tMnk to cast a clout
Until the month of May be out."

4§

43 GLOSlSARY.

Cute, clever, active. "As cute as cute can be,''
very acute or " a cuta sort of a body."

Guttering, talking low. " They sat hottering and
cuttering over the fire," huddling together for
a little social confab. See Hottering.

D.

"TiACITY, fitness, capacity, suitable address in a

^ matter.

Daff, a coward. " A daflfhead."

To I)afple, to become stupid, or to confound

others. "Daffled with noise," deafened.

Also with respect to the decreasing faculties

in old age. "He fails fast and begins to

daffle," or " He grows quite daffly," imbecile,

forgetful; the state akin to man^s second

childhood.
Daft, dull of apprehension. "As daft as a

goose." " As daft as a door nail," which

requires driving or direction to be useful.
Daftish, not clever, or as it is sometimes said, not

very bright. " A daftish dizzy sort of a body."
To Dag, to sprinkle with water. " A fine dagging

rain." Dagged, wet.
Dainsh. See Densh.
Dame. See Deeam.
To Dander, to tremble as a house seems to do

from the inside when a carriage passes heavily

in the street. " It danders."
Danglements, tassels and such like appendants.
To Dark, to listen, to pry into. " They dark and

gep for all they can catch,'' gape for news as

gossips.
Darking, listening. " What are you darking at ?"
To Darken the Door, to obscure the light at the

GLOSSARY. 43

entrance with one's body in stepping over
the threshold. ^' I hope she will never darken
my door again/' enter my dwelling any more.

Dauby, imtidy, dirty. "Dauby folks/' slovenly
people in household matters.

To Daudle or Daidle, to trifle. " A dandling
sauntering body/' a slow idle person. " A
dandier."

To Daul, to loath. " I'm daul'd o' my meat/' have
no relish for my food. " I's daul'd o' t' spot/'
tired of the place.

A Daum, a small portion or share. "It was a dear
daum/' a dear morsel, very little for money.

Daum'd out, dealt out in small or scanty allowances.

Daytal, tale or reckoning by the day. " A daytal
man/' a day labourer. " Daytal work/' work
done by the day.

Deeap or Deaf, blasted or barren, hoUow as " a
deaf ear of com," or " a deaf nut," a nut
without a kernel. " He does not look as if
he lived upon deaf nuts," that is he thrives
and grows fat. A good round sum is pro-
nounced to be "no deaf nut," no unsound
thing, but a solid reality.

Deeafly or Deafly, lonely. " They live in a far
off deeafly spot," retired from all noise,
secluded.

Deeam, dame. " My deeam," my mistress, my
wife. " An and deeam/' an old woman.

Deeary or DooRY, small, puny. " A little deeary
bairn," an underling or sickly child.

Deeath-strucken, smitten with death, or when the
clammy perspiration or " death smear " stands
on the visage of a dying person.

Dee ATHY-oROATs, fashioned or stamped, so to speak.

44 GLOSSARY.

in the mould of death. " One is a fine fat
baim^ but the other was always a poor dowly
deeathy groats/' a bom skeleton.

To Debavb, to deafen. "A noise fit to deeave you.''

DeeaVd^ deafened.

Deeaz'd or Deazed^ killed or pined by cold^ as
frostnipped vegetables, or chickens that die
in the shell for want of warmth through the
hen's absence. " A deazed loaf/' the dough
or paste ill baked, or when the leaven or
yeast has failed in its work.

A Deeazement, a sensation of cold all over the
body from checked perspiration. ^'I hae
gotten a sair deeazement," a bad cold, or
" perishment."

Deed, doings. '* Here's bonny deed ! " great to
do. " Whent deed," vast commotion. " Dowly
deed," poor doings or dull times for employ-
ment. " Great deed about nought," large stir
about trifles.

Deedless, helpless, indolent. '^A deedless sort
of a body."

Deft, neat, clever. " She is a deft hand with a
needle." " A deft sight ! " ironically speak-
ing, an extraordinary appearance, or any thing
ridiculous.

Deftly, cleverly. ^^ It was aU very deftly done,"
dexterously managed.

To Delve, to bruise or indent as a pewter vessel.
To dig, to work.

Delved, indented or dinted. Dug.

Delving, a word used in the sense of close appli-
cation to work. " He is delving at it whenever
you pass by."

Densh or Dainsh, dainty or fastidious in the

GLOSSARY. 45

liking of any thing. ^^ Densh gobbM/^ dainty
mouthed as an epicure. ^^Over densh by
half/^ over nice or particular in your selection.

Dented, notched as the teeth of a saw.

Denty or Dentyish, a weather term, genial,
cheering. See Gay Denty, ^c.

Desperate, an indication of great value or extent.
'^ A desperate grand watch/^ " A desperate
fine lady .'^ ^^A desperate great building.^'

Dess, a layer of any piled substance. " A dess
of stones.^'

Dess'd up, piled up.

Dessably, orderly in point of arrangement.

Didder or Didderment, a trembling of the body
from cold or fear. " I felt myself all in a
didderment.^^

Dike, a ditch. " A dike back," the bank of a
ditch. ^^ A hedge dike side,^^ the bank sup-
porting the hedge or fence along the bottom
of which there is a runnel or water gutter —
see Water-dike,

To Dill, to ease pain, to lull, as something ^' to
dill the toothache."

To DiNDLE or DiNNLE, the thrill or reaction of a
part after a blow or exposure to excessive cold.

A Ding, the noise and confusion of a crowd.
^^ What is all this ding and dordum about? '*
all this distraction and commotion occasioned
by?

To Ding, to push from you, as the threat of
"dinging down stairs." "The child was
dung off the chair," pushed off.

To Ding, to beat in the sense of surpassing in
argument, labour or otherwise. "Ise ding
him fairly," I shall beat him thoroughly.

Dinnot, do not. " Dinnot, I pray thee ! "

46 GLOSSARY.

DiNT^ a word we have never heard applied in the
sense we are told of^ but which^ it is stated^
was formerly in use hereabouts to signify
the greater number as compared with the less.
" The dint of our town in those days were
smugglers/' We record the expression.

Dinted^ indented.

To Dither^ to thrill or shiver with cold.

To DizEN^ to deck, to dress gaudily, to ''garb
out ;'' an abbreviation of bedizen.

To DoAVB, to doze. "A doaving draft/' a sleeping
potion.

A Do-DANCE, a round about way to a place, or to
the end of a process. '' They led me a bonny
do-dance about it/' a long way round in the
matter. Also a fool's errand or first of April
affair.

DoDDED sheep, short-horned sheep.

To Dodder (pron. Dother), to tremble with age,
cold, or fear. '' He dodders like an aspen
leaf."

Doddering, trembling or shaking.

DoDDERUMs, ague fits, tremblings from nervous-
ness and other causes.

To Doff, to undress. '' Doff thy duds," put off
your clothes. To do off. See Don.

Dog-crabs, diminutive kind of crabs which abound
on our sea shore, not eaten, but used as a
bait by the fishermen.

Dogger. See Scar Dogger.

A Doit, a fraction. '' I don't care a doit about
it." See Moit.

A Dole or Dooal, alms in money or food given in
the olden time at funerals to the poor who
offered their prayers in behalf of the departed.
It is usual to invite the friends and acquaint-

GLOSSARY. 47

ance far and near to a rustic burial, and we
still hear of there being " a brave fat dooal/'
or a hearty repast of meat, cheese and bread,
and ale, to all comers, with much smoking of
tobacco. The numbers in some cases are so
great, that the barns are resorted to for in-
creased accommodation. '^ It was a rare flesh
funeral,'^ that is, there was good meat in
abundance. In the towns, cake with wine
only is handed.

Doled. See DauVd.

To Don, to dress. ''Don thy bonnet," put on
your bonnet. To Do on. See Doff.

DoNK, damp. " As donk as a dungeon."

A DoNNOT or Do-NAUGHT, a good-for-nothing
person, the same as the Scottish '' Ne^er-do-
weel." ''That o' t' donnot," that of the devil,
or devUish, the popular designation with re-
ference to Satan himself, " That o^ t^ donnot's
never i^ danger," an allusion to the prosperity
of the wicked, where it is said the EvU one
befriends his own.

DooB-CHEEK, the side posts of the doorway.

DooR-GANoiNo. Scc Doorsteud.

DooB-siLL, the threshold.

DooBSTEAD, the entrance frame in which the door
hangs, "the door ganging," or space where
the door goes in, the doorway.

DooBSTONES, the flags or pavement before the door;
also those along the entire house front.

DoBDUM, a loud and confused noise. See Ding.

DosTED, dimmed in the sense of a polished surface
having lost its gloss : dirty or dusty, depre-
ciated. " It has gotten sairly dosted."

DoTTEBiL, an old doating fellow.

48 GLOSSARY.

DoucED, sluiced or drenched with wet. ^' A good

doucing/^ a thorough soaking.
DoucED, put out or extinguished. ''Douce the

lights." "She's douced of her feathers/'

deprived of, or eclipsed in her finery.
Doup, an indolent person, like the broad-backed

Dutchman in the novel, called " Heavystern.^'

'^ A great fat doup."
To DouK, to bathe or plunge under water, to

duck.
Dour, morose, unsocial. " He lookM as dour as

thunner,'' or the thunder cloud ; dismal.
DouT, an extinguisher for a candle. A do out.
To Dow, to thrive either in person, circumstances,

or reputation. " He dows bravely," he thrives

well. '' He nowther dees, nor dows," neither

dies nor mends.

" March grows
Never dows."

March blossom being premature, is often

blighted.
Dow^D, prospered. "They niwer doVd sen,"

prospered since that time or event.
DowcE, clever, neat.
DowL^D or Dulled, deadened as stale liquor, "I'se

fairly dowPd to deeath," lowspirited or de-
pressed in a deep degree.
DowLY, sickly, melancholy. "He's as dowly as

death," pale. See Deed.
A Down coming, a fall from a state of prosperity

to one of adversity.
DowNDiNNER, the aftcmoon repast of tea. " I feel

rife for my downdinner," ready for my tea.

Our Downdinner hill, has probably received

GLOSSARY. 49

its name fipom there once being tea gardens

on the spot.
A Downfall, a weather term. '^A downfall of

rain." " It looks very like a downfall."
A DowNGANG, a downward path or track from an

eminence. See Gang,
Down i ^t mouth, chopfallen, dispirited.
DowN-LiGGiNG TIME, bedtime. See To lAg, Also

the time of lying in, called a bairn birth, or

sickening.
Dowp, the carrion crow. See Doup,
DozzEN^D, shrivelled, not plump. ^^A dozzenM

apple."
DozziL or DuzziL, ^' a dizenM dozzil," a tawdry

fine person.
Draff, brewer's grains. A worthless person is

said to be as bad as draff; but does not the

expression point more significantly to the

word "draught" in reference to dung, as

something extremely vile or degraded?
Draggletailed, draggled, dirty.
Drape, a dry or milkless cow.
Dream-holes, the slits or loopholes in church

steeples, staircases, and barns, for the admis-
sion of light and air.
Drearisome, dreary, solitary. "A lang dreari-

some road," viewless.
Dree, tedious. "A dry dree preachment," or

discourse. "A dree droppy rain," only a

little at a time.
Dreed, delivered slowly in the way of a discourse.

" He dreed a lang drone," delivered a tiresome

dissertation.
Dreely, slowly. " He talks varry dreely."
Dreesome, tedious, wearisome, insipid.

5

50 GLOSSARY,

A Dbikk-draught, a brewer's dray or waggon.

A Deink-deiver, the brewer's drayman.

To Drite or Drate^ to drawl in speaking.

A Drite-poke^ a facetious term for a drawling

person.
Drith^ prosperity, substantiality. '^Ill-gotten
gear carries no drith in it/' ill-gotten wealth
has no duration.
Droke, a weed like a stem and head of oats.
Droppy, Droppyish, rainy. '^ Droppy weather.''

" A droppyish day/' a wet day.
DuBBLER, a deep earthen dish or platter. '' They
had nought nowther i' dish nor dubbler/'
nothing to eat, poverty stricken.
Ducks and Drakes. "They had property, but
they made ducks and £^es on't/' spent it
any how. An allusion to the figures of birds
set upon sticks for marks, and flung at in the
southern game called " Cock-shy."
Duds, apparel. "Bonny duds/' fine clothes.
" My bettermy duds," my better kind of dress
or Sunday suit.
DuPFiL, a kind of coarse woollen cloth.
DuLBERT, Dunderhead, Dudernoll, a blockhead.
Dull'd. See DowVd.
Dumbfounder'd, stricken into silence, paralysed

with amazement.
Dunoeonable, deep, knowing. " He 's a duDgeon

o' wit," very shrewd.
DuNTY, stunted. "Dunty hom'd kie/' short

homed cattle.
DuRDUM, riotous concision. " The street is all in

a durdum."
To Duz, to beat out, as over ripe corn with the
wind at harvest.

1
\

GLOSSARY. 51

DuzziL. See DozziL

DwAM, a swoon. *^A bit dwammish/^ rather

faint.
DwiNBD, shrivelled. " He dwined away to an

atomy/^ pined to a skeleton.
DwiNY, puny. '^Dwiny voiced/^ small voiced,

feeble.
DwizzEN^D, shrunk and wrinkled. See Dozzen'd,
DwizzENFACED, thiu-visaged.

E.

"OAM, or Ebam, ^'mine earn" my uncle, friend,

•^ gossip.

To Earn or Yearn, to curdle as milk.

Easement, relief from pain. A medicinal remedy
or cure.

Easins, eaves of houses, the over-lapping edges of
the roof where the rain runs oflP.

Easter (or Paste Egg-day). This festival is
marked here by the extensive consumption of
custards, which are baked in large dubblers or
dishes ; and it is deemed unlucky if some-
thing new is not worn on Easter Sunday, even
if it is but a pair of new garters or shoe-
strings. On Easter Monday and Tuesday at
Whitby, a fair for children is held in the space
between the parish church and the abbey,
when they assemble to "troll eggs'^ in the
fields adjoining. The egg, it is said, was
held by the Egyptians as an emblem of the
renovation of mankind after the deluge; and
Christians have adopted eggs at this season
from their retaining the principle of future
life, and thus being significant of the resur-
rection. They are first boiled hard in some

52 GLOSSARY.

dyeing preparation^ then otherwise streaked
on the colored ground thus obtained^ and
marked with the initials of the parties to
whom they are presented, while some are
further embellished with dots of gilding. On
Easter Monday likewise, the boys have a
practice of assaulting females for their shoes,
which they take off unless redeemed with
money ; and on Tuesday, it is the girls* turn
with the boys in the same way, when we have
known men^s hats at such times removed from
their heads where the joke could be safely
exercised, and redeemed with a shilling.

Eaz^d, splashed by walking in a miry soil. " You
hae gotten sair eaz^d," you have got sorely
bemired. The word may seem to be related
to '' earthed.''

Eb, eye. Een or Even, eyes. " He gloores with
a pair o' good een,** makes good . use of
his eyes, or stares you out of countenance.
"The sight o' you *s good for sair e*en,"
sore eyes ; the well known exclamation at the
appearance of the long absent.

Een-holes, the eye-sockets.

E*EN, evening, "Kessenmas e'en,** Christmas
eve. '^ Cannelmas e*en.** " Easter e*en.**

To Eg on, to urge. " He was egging the other
man on to fight.**

Eldin, fire wood, or other materials for lighting
the fire. "We are getting in our winter
eldin ;** stock of fuel for the season.

Elsin, an awl. " As sharp as a cobler's elsin,**
acute.

Elmother, step-mother.

Elwand. See Yedwan.

GLOSSARY. 53

Enanthers. See Ananthers.

End lang^ as long as from end to end. '^ I tum-
mellM end lang/^ I fell down my whole
length.

Endways (pron. Endwus) forward, the state of
progression to the attainment of an end. See
Even endways.

Enow, by and by. " I will come enow/' presently.

Entry, the space within the street door, whether
it be common passage or capacious entrance
hall is here called the entry. ^'The entry
mat,'' the street door mat.

EsH, the ash.

EsTRiNGLAYER, a ropc maker or band maker; a
term which occurs in a local document of the
15th century. By removing the e, the mean-
ing of the word will be more apparent.

Ettling, or AiRTLiNG, aiming or intending to pro-
ceed in a given direction. See Airtling.

Even endways, from end to end without hindrance.
" They spent all they had even endways," en-
tirely.

Every like, now and then, at intervals. ^^ They
kept playing the music every Uke.'^

Eye, ^^ a clear eye," a clear road as we term it, for
instance to a counter side. "Go in when
there is a clear eye," no crowd perceptible, but
a ready dispatch.

F.

XjlACTORY, the former days' designation of the
-*- parish workhouse, owing probably to the
employment of different kinds given to the in-
mates. " A factory burying," a pauper funeral.
"A factory coffin," a pauper shell for the

5§

54 GLOSSARY.

deacL '^Factory brass/' out-door relief in

money allowed to the poor by the authorities.

" Factory cess/' the poor-rates.
A Fadgb, a short fat individual. " A little fadge."
To Fadge^ to walk at a short straddling pace^ like

a fat or encumbered person. " He goes fadg-

ing along.''
To Faff or Fuff, to blow in puflfs as the smoke

returns down the chimney.
To Faffle^ to play as a loose sail or a garment in

the wind. '^ The boat will not sail without a

regular breeze, there is only a puff and a

faffle."
Fain, desirous, eager.
Fab end. ^^ He seems almost at the far end," fast

declining in health or circumstances, '^ It is

better to come at the far end of a feast, than

at the fore end of a fray," better late at a

feast than early at a fight.
Faeleys, failings, peculiarities. ^'A spyer of other

folks' farleys," a censurer.
Fabish on, advanced. '^ We're getting farish on

in years," becoming old.
Fabnticles, the yellow freckles on the face.
Faebantly, genteel, respectable/ " They are far-

rantly folks," people of station.
Fash, trouble, inconvenience.
To Fash, to tease, to importune. " Don't fash me

about the matter."
Fashous, meddlesome, inquisitive, troublesome.

'^A fashous sort of a body." ^^A fashous

job."
Fauf, a fallow, or ground repeatedly tilled without

an intervening crop.
Feabsome, ^^T' thunner was parfitly fearsome,"

GLOSSARY. 55

perfectly frightful, tremendous. '^ A fearsome

sort of a hodj/' a person in his manner who

carries an air of command.
Feather-fallen, crest-fallen, unplumed, dispi-
rited.
Feather-pewl. "We saw all maks o' feather

fewl,^' all kinds of birds, a collection*
To Feeal or Feal, to hide. See Felt.
Fefted, legally secured with a maintenance. " He

fefted his wife on so much a year."
Fbptments, portions of property belonging to an

endowment.
A Feg^s end por it, the well-known saying, " A

fig for it," with regard to any thing valueless.

This way however of piAting it, places the

estimation some degrees lower than the value

of the fig, by allusion to the particle of stalk

at the end of it.
Fbitly, neatly, properly. " It was all done varry

feitly," very appropriately.
A Fell, a hill, high ground.
To Fell, to knock down, as a butcher does an ox,

or as a woodman when he will not " spare the

tree." " Felled with his ailment," prostrate

with sickness.
Fellon, the soreness of a cow's skin from cold or

checked perspiration.
Fellow-pond, love smitten. " A fellow-fond lass."

"A fellow-fond fit," a female fit of love passion.

See Weean-stricken.
To Felly, to break up the fallow ground.
Felt, hid. " Go and get felt," concealed. " They

felt it," hid it.
Fend, activity, management. " They make a good

fend for a living," as endeavouring people.

66 GLOSSARY.

" No more fend than a new bom bairn/^ no
more energy than a new bom child. " He
tries to fend at all points^ '^ he is industrious
in a variety of ways.

Fendable, of active habits, provident. " A brave
fendable body in a fanuly/^ a famous house-
hold manager.

Fendheads^ quarrelling points. People are said
to be at fendheads, when each one is disposed,
to defend his own grounds in a matter^ to the
extent of blows or enforcement.

Fendible, that which may reasonably be defended.
^^ What was said^ I am sure was very fendible.^'

Fending and Proving^ arguing and defending.

Fents and Fag enas^ remnants of cloth in va*
rieties.

To Fetch, painfully to draw in the breath. " I
have a fetch and a catch,^^ a pain or stitch in
breathing.

To Fettle or Fittle, to dress or equip, to pre-
pare, to adapt. " We are just fettling for off,''
getting ready to go.

Fettle, state or condition. To be in good or ill
fettle, is to be well or ill in body or circum*
stances.

Fettled, supplied. ^' A bravely fettled house,'' a
well-fiirnished house. " How are you fettled
for brass ?" that is, have you any coppers or
change ? " Fettle me that, an ye please," put
me up the order in the note presented. " I
wish you could fettle me my coat a bit," re-
pair it.

Few, a '^ Good few," or a " Gay few," many, or
rather the medium between many and few.
" There was a good few at church this morn-

GLOSSARY. 57

ing/^ a fair number ; or sometimes it is said
'^ a goodish few." Again^ " there was nobbut
a poorish few,'^ only a small number. And
with regard to the frequent expression " a few
broth/' we know not of this plural term being
applied in the same way to any other liquid.
To Fey, to winnow with the natural wind.
To Fezzon on, to fight. " They fairly fezzonM
on," got at last to blows. To seize fiercely as
a bulldog fastens on to his opponent with his
teeth.
To FicK, to struggle with the feet as a child in

the cradle.
To File over, to smooth any one down with flat-
tery, to lull suspicion.
Fine-finger'd, delicate-handed, as a lady, fastidi-
ous. '^ A fine finger'd sort of a body," a per-
son delicately nurtured.
Finks, the fatty portions of the whale after the oil
has been taken away. '^Blubber finks."
Mixed with soil, the fields around Whitby in
the days of the Greenland fishery, bore annual
testimony to its strength as manure, and the
atmosphere to its fragrance.
Fire-cods, the bellows. '^ Blast it up wi' t' fire

cods," blow the fire.
FiRE-ELDiN, fuel. See Eldin,
Fire-pang'd, a preparation overdone by the fire so
as to partake of the ^' fire smatch," the flavor
of being burnt or "set to the bottom."
Fire-fang'd, in the sense of "firy clawed," or

violent tempered.
FiRE-FLAUGHT, the coal that flies out of the fire
with a report. "A regular fire flaught," a
hasty tempered person. A shooting meteor,
the darts of the northern lights.

58 GLOSSARY.

¥iRE-FODD£B^ fucl OT food for the fire.

FiRE-PORR^ FiRE-POAT, the poker. " Give him the
fire poat/' a push with the poker, equivalent
to '^ knock him down.^'

FiRE-sMATCH. See Mre-faug'd (the first).

FiRESTEAD, the place where the fire stands.

FisH-KREEL, a wicker basket with one side flat for
fitting to the back, upon which it is slung by
the " brow band/' or leathern strap with a
pad on the brow part, to prevent abrasion of
the carrier^s forehead from whence the weight
depends.

Fishing tawn, a fishing line. ♦

Fit, a weather term. " A dry fit.'' " A varry
wet fit," a dry or a wet season.

To FiTTLB. See Fettle.

Fizzling, fidgeting as a person in a state of bodily
uneasiness.

To Flacker, to flutter with the wings as a bird.
" A flackering at the heart," a throbbing at
the breast.

Flags, the stone slabs on the foot pavement. See
Snow fluffs.

Flaid, frightened. " They flaid her intiv a fit."

Flair cruke. See Flay boffffle.

Flam, flattery.

To Flam up, to flatter. " He flamm'd him nicely,"
flattered him dexterously, or to his purpose.

To Flan, to spread wide at the top, to expand
upwards as the sides of a bowl or scuttle.

Flappery, the minor equipments of dress. *^ His
hat, his gloves, his stick, and all the rest of
his flappery."

Flatch or Flattercap, a flatterer; a term applied
to wheedling children, when they try by flat-
tery to gain their own little ends.

GLOSSARY. 59

Flaumy or Plaupish, vulgarly fine in dress. " A
flaumy creature.^^

Flaun, a custard.

Flaup or Flops, mere flippancy of speech. '^ It
was all wind and flaup.'^ " A flaupy body/^
a person with a fawning canting address.

Flaupish. See Flaumy,

To Flawter or Flowter, to flurry. ^' I was sair
flowter^d/' sorely frightened.

To Flay, to scare away.

Flay- BOGGLE, or Flatr-cruke, a scarecrow for the
corn fields ; a stick set up with an old coat
and a hat upon it, to firighten away birds.
• An oddly dressed person.

Flaysome, fearful. "A varry flaysome thing,"
terrifying to look at.

Fleaks, hurdles woven with twigs ; wattles.

A Flee-be-skie, a flighty or highly imaginative
person, a scold ; one, as the saying is, whose
manner is soon " sky high." ^* A flowtersome
flee-be-skie," is the usual expression. See
Flowtersome. Also a gaudily dressed female.

Fleece, in the sense of bodily condition or bulk.
" He carries a rare fleece,'^ he is very fat.
"He has shaken a bonny fleece this last
bout," he has lost much flesh this last illness.

Flecked, pied or spotted as cattle.

Flet or Flaught, hot coal or live embers. " I see
neither fire nor flet," that is, in the stove ;
or in other words, the fire has gone out. See
Fireflaught.

To Flig, to fly. Fligs, fledglings in the nest.

Fligg^d, feathered, ready to fly. " Are they fligs
or gorps?" feathered nestlings or mere gorpins
naked from the e%^. See Gorpins.

60 GLOSSARY.

A Flight or Flytino, a scold. '^A flighting
bout,^' a scolding match.

Flighty, somewhat frenzied or highflown. ''Flighty
brained.'' ''A flighty sort of a body.'^

Flipe, the brim of the hat. " Touch your flipe/'
make a bow or render obeisance.

Flirtigigs, a giddy unstable girl.

A Flisk, a fillip with the finger. '' A flisk on the
face.'^

To Flit, to remove as tenants at term time.
"We're thrang flitting/^ we are busy removing.
'' A moonlight flit/^ a decampment by night
with the furniture, to cheat the landlord.

Flithers, limpets, abundant on our rocks ; oval
in shape, in a greyish dish-like shell.

Flobb'd up, Flobby, inflated3 wheazy. " She was
not fat, but flobbM up,'' dropsical. Also
elated, conceited.

Flowterment, noisy discourse from an excited
person. " What's all that froth and flowter-
ment about ? "

Flowtersome, inclined to be flighty or quarrel-
some.

Fluffy, feathery. ''Fluflf'd up," high-flown,
plumed, elated.

Flukes, worms or large maggots, which breed in
dead animals.

Fluked or Fluky, worm-eaten, or rather when the
worm holes channel or flow into each other.

Flumpy, fat and short, squat.

Flushy-faced, red faced. See Jollies.

A Fluster or Flusterment, a hot eruption on
the skin. A state of excitement or perspira-
tion. A puffing advertisement.
Flying Eagle, a boy's kite.

GLOSSARY. 61

To Flyeb, to laugh. " To flicker and flyre ^' is
the usual expression. See Flicker.

Foal-foot, the plant coltsfoot.

Fog, the fresh grass after the hay has been re-
moved.

Foist, Foisty, damp and mouldy.

Fold Garth, farm-yard.

Fond, foolish, weakminded. '^As fond as a
hom,^' the horn answering to every one^s
tuning, reasonless.

FoND-CRUKE, foolish whim. "What fond-cruke
is he on t^ way with now ? *' what whim is he
busy with at present. See Cruke (the second) .

Fond hoit ! foolish fool, or fool twice told.

Fondness, foolishness. " All sorts o^ fondness,*'
all kinds of frivolity.

Fond Plupe, See Plough Slots or Plufe Slots.

Fond talk, that kind of discourse which we
designate nonsense. "All sorts o* fond
talk.*'

FoNDY ! the exclamation — fool ! " You are a
fondy to be sure ! ''

To FooAz, to shear or level the top of a fleece of
wool.

FooRE or Fore, " They had nought to t* fore,*'
nothing beforehand ; that is, in the shape of
money or other provision for their own assist-
ance. Also the question, " Are they all to
t* fore ? ^' are all the things alluded to forth-
coming or attainable ?

FooTFALLiNG. " Shc's just at footfalling/' on the
point of confinement or childbirth.'*

Footing or Foot Ale, money, or a feast given by
a person to his companions when he enters
on a new employment.

6

62 GLOSSARY.

FooRE ANENT or PoRE ANENST^ opposite OT in front

of^ overagainst.
FooRE Elders^ ancestral progenitors. ^'They

have come o^ quality fore elders," descended

from people of station.
FooRE end, the beginning. ^^The fore end of the

year," spring. Also the front of a buildings

See Far End.
FoRKiN Robin, the garden earwig or twitchbell,

with its forked tail.
FoRWODBN, infested, overrun, "They are lost

and forwoden i' muck," dirty and disorderly

in the extreme. " Fairly forewoden wi^ rats,"

swarming, "eaten up."
Foss or Force, a waterfall, as " Falling foss " in

this neighbourhood.
To Foul, to defile with dirt ; to defame. " It^s an

ill cruke that fouls its own nest," an evil

offspring that vilifies its own parents. 8ee

Cruke or Crake,
Foul-fingered, thievish, or " every finger a fish-
hook."
Foumart or Foulmart, the polecat.
FouTY, a dress misfitting or sticking out unseemly

in any part, is said to be fouty, — perhaps

faulty.
A FowT, a fool.
To Frag, to cram or closelv furnish. "A fiill

fragg'd house."
A Fraunge or Fraundge a rambling adventure.

To go " fraundging about," to frolic.
Frebby or Fromby, in proportion to, or in com-
parison with. " This is good frebby that."
Frem, strange, not intimate. " The one was a

near neighbour, the other only a frem body."

GLOSSARY. 63

Fresh^ the swelling of a river with rain from the
adjoining country, as the Esk at Whitby is
the drain of the surrounding moorlands.
^^A run of fresh/^ increased rapidity of
the stream from the additional quantity of
water.

Frido'd, chafed, excoriated as the skin when it is
ruffled.

Frost Harr or Frost Hag. See Harr\

Frowzy, sour countenanced, forbidding.

Frumity or FuRMiTY, frumentum, wheat. The
Christmas eve supper of wheat porridge,
sweetened and spiced. See Christmas cus-
toms ; also to Cree or Creave.

FuDGEON, squat and stout. "A Httle fudgeon
fellow,^^ a fadge.

Full sair, very sorely, severely. " They fret for
him fuU sair," lamented the loss of him very
much.

Full soon, very soon, before the usual time.
"They are ripe this year full soon.'' Full is
a prefix in various other ways, in the sense of
very or most.

To Fullock, to fire a marble, for instance, into a
hole, from the hand by the jerk of the bent
thumb.

FuLTH, the fill or sufficiency. "Take and eat
your fulth on 't," eat till you are satisfied.

Funerals. We have heard old people relate, that
at the funerals of the. rich in former days, it
was here a custom to hand " burnt wine " to
the company in a silver flagon, out of which
every one drank. This cordial seems to have
been a heated preparation of port wine with
spices and sugar; and if any remained, it

64 GLOSSARY.

was sent round in the flagon to the houses of
friends for distribution. The passing beU was
then tolled at all hours of the nighty and not
as now in the case of night deaths deferred
until the following morning; moreover, the
parish clerk was the usual '^Bidder to the
burying/^ for the neighbours then, as at
present, were invited in a body, to the con-
cluding solemnity. Many of the old fashioned
inhabitants, it is also said, had an aversion to
be hearsed, choosing rather to " be carried by
hand and sung before,^^ because it was the
practice of their families in times past ; and
in the suspensary manner of hand carrying
with linen towels passed beneath the coffin,
the generality are still borne to the grave,
women being carried by women, as men by
men, and children by children ; while women
who have died in childbed, have a white sheet
thrown over the coffin by way of distinction.
" Uncovered coffins^' of wainscot were common
some years ago, with the initials and figures
of the name and age studded on the lid in
brass-headed nails ; but this mode of inscrip-
tion is now rarely to be seen, and black
clothed coffins have almost become general.
A garland elevated was wont to precede the
corpse of unmarried females, but the usage
which seems to have been peculiar to the vil-
lages, is now discontinued. See Garlands (the
first) . It is still customary to send gloves to the
friends of the deceased, white for the funeral
of an unmarried person, and black otherwise ;
and couples of females called servers, distri-
bute wine and sweet biscuits to the company

GLOSSARY. 65

before the corpse is removed, and walk before
it to the grave, dressed in white as the case
may be, with a ribbon to correspond thrown
over one shoulder like a scarf, or a knot or
rosette of the same on the breast. As to
hearse or pall funerals, they are similar to
those in other places. — When a girl, or an
older unmarried female is carried by hand, the
bearers are all yoimg or single women dressed
in white, with white straw bonnets trimmed
to accord, and if the body is taken to the
gates of the churchyard by the hearse, the
plumes of that vehicle and the hatbands of
the carriage drivers are entwined with white
ribbons (as for the unmarried of both sexes) ;
and a company of bearers attired as above,
proceed with the corpse into the church, and
from thence to the grave. The mourners
kneeling round the coffin, in the chancel,
during the service, is a practice in some parts
of the neighbourhood still to be be seen.

FuRMiTY. See Frumity,

FuRTHERLY, forward and flourishing. '^ Furtherly
blossom,'' early. See Backerly.

FusTiLUGS, a person with a sour forbidding aspect.

FusuM, handsome ; perhaps the same as Viewsome,
which see.

G.

r^ABY or Gawby, a dunce or fool.

^-^Gad, a tapering rod ended with a leather thong

as a whip for driving a team of horses or oxen.

A fishing rod is called a fishing gad.
Gae back. See Gave back.

6§

66 GLOSSARY.

Gab leuk^ go look I The impertinent " go and
see," sometimes sharply given to a question
asked.

Gain, short, near.

Gainer or Gainer- hand, nearer. ^' This road is a
vast gainer than the other.'*

Gainest, nearest. ^^ We will go the gainest way."
See Ungain,

Gainly, conveniently near. Also easy of access.
" A gainly sort of a spot.*'

Gain or Gairn, woollen thread, worsted.

Gain winnles or WiNDLES,|the machine for wind-
ing worsted into a ball or clue, — a circular
framework of laths made to revolve on a stem,
as the operator winds the ball.

Gait, personal demeanor or manners. '^ What for
did you behave i' that gait V* in that way.

Gait or Geeat, road or direction. ^^ He is gang-
ing a downward geeat,*' the " broad road '* of
the Scriptures.

Gallac-handed or Gaulish-handed, left-handed,
awkward.

Galloways, all horses, save the heavy draught
horse, are here so termed.

Gallowses. *'A pair o' gallowses,** braces or
suspenders for men*s trousers.

Gally-bauk, the iron-bar within the chimney from
which the pot hooks or ^'reckon crooks** are
suspended over the fire. See Reckon bank.

Galore, abundance. "They will now get gold
galore,** soon get rich, or

" Q-old galore,
And silver good store."

Gamashes, gaiters or leggings of cloth or leather ;
called also spatter-dashes, as preventing the

GLOSSARY. 67

bespattering of the stockings when walking
on the miry road.

Gammish or Gamjsh^ Oamsome^ frolicksome^ or
having a turn for sport, or the pursTiits of the
chase. ^^ He^s rather a bit gammish/'

To Gammer, to idle or trifle.

Gammerstaos, an idle, loose girl.

To Gan or Gang, to go. " Gang thy gait,'' go thy
ways. " As good a ganger as ever went upon
four legs," a good trotting horse.

Gang, a term synonymous with road, often used
with a specific or descriptive prefix, as By gang y
Cros8gangyDowngangyOutgang,Upgangy which
see.

Ganging, going. '^ Be you ganging !" go your ways,
begone !

Gangings on, proceedings. ^' What kin o' gang-
ings on has there been? what kind of doings.
" A bonny ganging on," fine to do.

Gangerill, a pedlar, a beggar, a toad.

Gantree, a wooden frame on feet upon which the
beer casks rest.

Gar, to cause, to compel. '^ It was fit to gar a
man to hang himself." '^ It gars me great
pain."

To Garb out. See To Dizen. Garb'd out, decked.

Garfits, the inmeats and other eatable appurte-
nances of geese and fowls.

Garlands. Formerly at the funerals of young or
unmarried women, two virgins in white headed
the procession to the church, holding aloft a
garland between them in the form of a wreath
of particoloured ribbons, having a white glove
inscribed with the initials and age of the
deceased hanging in the centre. While going

68 GLOSSaRY.

jfrom the church to 'the grave, the garland was
laid on the coffin, and afterwards in some
cases, suspended in the church. In the
chancels of Bobinhood^s bay, and Hinderwell
in this neighbourhood, a few of those fabrica-
tions still remain.

Garlands. A garland or hoop fluttering with
ribbons, was the joyous signal at the mast
head, to denote a "full ship'' when the
Greenland vessels returned from their perilous
voyage; but owing to disastrous circumstances,
the whale fishery formerly undertaken by
fifteen or twenty stout ships annually jGrom
Whitby, is now discontinued.

Garsil, fuel sticks, or dead hedge wood ; furze
or whin bushes for burning.

Garth, a yard or small enclosure near a house ;
also an alley. "The church garth,'' the
church yard.

Gate, a street or road. In former times, walled
towns had their main avenues guarded by
gates, which were closed in the night after a
certain hour, as well as in times of danger.
The name of the gate, it is said, became appUed
to the street which it defended, as Micklegate,
Monkgate, in the city of York; and hence
many of the thoroughfares or outlets of towns
which were never so guarded, were called
gates, as Baxtergate, Flowergate, Haggers-
gate, in Whitby.

Gaufers, tea-cakes of the muffin sort, but square
and made of pancake batter.

Gauk-handed, left-handed.

To Gaum, to understand. " I dinnot gaum ye,''
I do not understand you.

GLOSSARY. 69

Gaumish, " a bit gaumish/^ rather acute^ knowing.

Gaumebil. See CaumeriL

To Oaup or Gauve, '^ He gaupM and gloor^d at all
he saw/^ gaped with wonder at new sights,
as a country clown at a city spectacle.

Gaut or GoTB, a narrow opening or slip from a
street to the shore, as our ^'Fish gaut/*
'^ Horsemill gaut.'* The term may be a com-
prisal of the words '^ go out/' an outlet.

A G^uvBY or Gauvison, a dunce, a vacant-minded
person, one that is easily imposed upon.

Gauving, staring and awkward in manner. ''A
great gauving fellow.'*

Gave back. " I was frightened and fairly gave
back/' shrunk or receded from the danger.

A Gawk, Gowk or Gawky, a fool. "Rather
gawky," foolish.

Gay. " I am quite gay I thank you," quite well.

A GAY, denty Morning, a common mode of salu-
tation in the country. A fine genial morning.

A GAY Bit, a large piece, a good deal. " A gay
bit o' land," a fairish quantity.

A GAY Few, many. See Few.

Gayish, fair, reasonable, good. " A gayish crop,"
a fair reap. " A gayish sample," a tolerable
lot.

Gayly, in good health. " We 're all gayly." Also
in the sense of prosperity. " They seem to be
getting on pratty gayly," pretty well.

Gear, worldly goods, wealth. " 111 gotten gear,"
property unjustly obtained. " How are they
off for gear ? " that is, what are their circum-
stances. See Geer or Geers.

Geavelock, a large iron crowbar for raising stone.

To Geeap, to bawl out, to gape. See To Yowp.

70 GLOSSARY.

'^ He geeaps and hollows like a ploughman on
a moor/^

Geeataoe or Gateaoe^ pasturage for cattle ; also
the charge for pasturage at so much a head.

Geed, went. " I geed to market o' foot/' walked.

Geen or Gin, given. " It wad be weel gif he had
a good threshing geen till him/' it would be
well if he had a good beating given to him.

Geeb or Geebs, harness for draught horses. See
Gear.

To Gen, Genning. See To Gem or Gen.

Gentle and Semple (simple), rich and poor.
'^What Fm saying, I will stand by before
owther gentle or semple/' maintain before any
one without discrimination.

Geometries, (pron. Jawmatrees). " Ifs all hon^
i' jawmatrees," as a torn garment flying in
rags or ribbons. Having probably an allu-
sion to geometrical figures or flourishes.

To Gep, to gape for news as a listener in secret.
"They are always watching and gepping/*
prying.

To Gern or Gen, to snarl, to croak or repine.
" He girns all the flesh off his back the day
tiv an end," pines with discontent the day
through. "A genning sort of a body/' a
complainer.

Gewgow, a Jew's harp ; any nick-nack or trifle.

Gib, a wooden hook. " A gib stick," a hook-
headed stick. " A nutting gib," a nutting
hook.

Gif or Gin (g hard), if. " What think you gin
I was to read awhile."

GiPF-GAPP,the random conversation which strangers
fall into when they meet in going the same
road.

GLOSSARY. 71

GiGLET^ a laughing^ thoughtless girl.

GiLDBBTS^ slip loops or nooses of horse-hair

stretched upon lines for catching birds on the

snow. The bread bait is attempted through

the loops, which entangle the birds' legs when

they rise to fly oflF.
Gill, a glen or wooded hollow. ^^ A gill runnel/'

a rivulet or thread of water coursing along a

deep dell.
Gilts, young female pigs, analogous with heifers.
Gimlet-eyed, squint-eyed.
GiMMER, a young female sheep, as "a gimmer

lamb,'' a ewe lamb. '^A gimmer hog," an

ewe of the first year.
GiMMiL, a narrow passage between two houses.
Gin {g hard), although. '' I would still go, gin it

were to rain."
Gin or Geen {g hard), given. '' I had it geen to

me." '^ A gin bite is soon putten up with," or

" A geen bite
Is soon put out of sight.*'

Belief in mere morsels is very transient.
Gin again (g hard), turned from hard to soft,

thawed as ice into water. Also with respect

to the feelings. ^^ I think he has almost gin

again about it," relented, or relaxed his

opinions on the subject.
Ginner (g hard), rather. " I had ginner gan than

stay," go than stay.
Git, get, oflfspring, begotten. '^ A particular git,"

breed.
To Glazzen, to glaze with glass.
Glazzener, the glazier.
Glead or Gled, the kite. "As hnngry as a

glead," ravenous.

72 GLOSSARY.

To GLEASEorGLEAZE^to puTsue or chase one another
in the way of a frolic, backward and forwards.
A Gleasing, a hot pursuit, a sweat. " I have had
a good gleasing after him/^ a sharp run. And
in a legal sense, " He has had to bide a bonny
gleasing/' sustain the heavy charges of a law
STiit. Also in the general meaning of loss or
deprivation.

To Gleg, to cast a side look, to glance. " They
go prying and glegging into everybody's
neuk,'^ into every one's comer.

Glepping or Glopfing, staring, astonished.
" What are you standing and glopping at ? "

A Glifp, a fright. " I gat a sare gliflf,^' I got a
sore scaring, or '^saw something" as the
phrase goes, which the reader's ghostly imagi-
nation is at liberty to picture.

A Glipt, a slight look. '^ I nobbut gat a glifk
on't," a mere passing glance.

To Glisk, to glisten. " It glisk'd like a piece of
glass."

Gloaming, the gleam between light and darkness^
tvrilight.

To Glooeb, to stare intently. '^ He gloor'd wi'
both een ;" he stared with both eyes, that is,
he was intent upon seeing to the utmost.

Glopping. See Glepping.

Glor pat, loose fat. "AH of a glor and a jelly,"
tremulous with adiposity.

Glum, sullen, gloomy. " As glum as a thunder-
cloud."

Glumps, sulks. "Down in the glumps," sulky,
" glumpy."

A Glut, a large wooden wedge.

Gn*ar or Knar, a knot or knob. " The gnarled
or knotted oak."

GLOSSARY. 7S

To Gnarl^ to gnaw as a mouse.

To Gnipe. See To Knep.

GoAK or GoKE, the core of an apple. The fleshy
substance in a large ulcer, likewise called
" a sitfast.'^ Also the centre of a haystack,
or rather the stack as it stands pared round in
use.

Gob, the mouth. '^ To gie gob,^^ to mouth, or give
word, to abuse. " A raw gobbM lad,^^ a coarse
countrified boy.

To Gobble, to scold, or rather to reply with sullen
impertinence to what has been remarked.

Goblet-glass, a large drinking glass.

GoBSTRiNG, a bridle. " He mun be hodd^i in wP
a tight gobstring,^' held in or pi^ binder
strong restriction.

The Go-by, or Gan-by, the pass-by, "the slip."

Go CAB YE ! an imprecation with an " s^^ under-
stood at the beginning of the middle word ;
as " may you be blistered all over !"

GoDDEN. " I give you godden," good day, good
luck; or " God speed you."

GoDSHARLD ! God forbid !

GoDSPENNY, earnest money, generally half-a-crown
given to a servant when hired.

Goloshes, shoe coverings for wet weather. The
word is said to be a comprisal of go-low-shoesl

Good Friday or Passion Day, when our monks
were wont " to creepe unto the crosse/' is still
a marked time for abstinence and devotion.
The " hot cross bun" is eaten, but " the herb
pudding," once usual here on this day, has
gone into oblivion. The partaking of herbs
seems to have reference to the ordinance of
the Passover (Exodus, xii, 8), as the offering

7

74 GLOSSARY.

of Christ on the cross has been termed the
Christianas Passover^ the Old Testament sacri-
fice being the type. It was customary to
make biscuits on Good Friday, to be kept
throughout the year, for grating into milk or
brandy-and-water^ as a cure for diarrhoea;
and if clothes are hung out to dry on that day,
it is believed they will be taken down spotted
with blood !

A OooDisH PEW, or a Good few. See Few.

A Good little, the medium between much and
little, several.

Goodlike, handsome. ^'There^s many a good-
like nought,'* explained by "All is not gold
that glitters,"

Good sale to te, an old-fashioned expression of
good will at leave-taking on the part of a
customer to a shopkeeper or salesman. " Good
day and good sale to ye." A piece of manners
antiquated twenty years ago, now departed.

Good stoobe. See Stoore.

GoBPiNs or GoRPs, birds lust hatched. " As naked
as a gorpin," literal iudity. ,

GoosEGOGS, gooseberries or carberries. See Horse-

ffOffS.

GoTHERLY, affable. " A heartwarm gotherly set."
To GouL or Goal, to blow in strong draughts, as

wind through a narrow passage.
A Gowk, a fool : also a term for the cuckoo.
GowLANDS, com marigolds. " As yellow as a

gowland," jaundiced.
GowPEN, a handful. *' Double gowpens," as much

as the two hands put together wiU contain.

" They got gold by gowpens," soon became

rich.

1

}>

GLOSSARY. 75

Graith or Graithing, property, clothing, or equip-

• ments in general.
Graithed, provided with means, furnished. '' Bon-

nily graithed,'^ handsomely dressed. " Badly

graithed,'^ ill dressed. "Get the table

graithed,^' set out. See Tea Graithing.
A Grass widow, a female of easy virtue, a prostitute.
A Greasehorn, a flatterer. The farmers have a

cow's horn, filled with grease, slung to their

carts, for oiling the axletrees;
Great foul, uncommonly big. "A great foul ox.
Great likly, very likely. " Ay, Ay, great

likly, great likly,'' the assenting, yes> yes,

&c.
To Greeave or Grave, to pare or dig up the

ground with a spade or Spit, which see, along

with Twrf-greaving time*
Greed, greediness. " The devil wiU grip him for

his greed," catch him for his avarice.
A Greed. ^' A close-fisted greed," a greedy person.
To Greet, to weep. " What are you greeting at?"
Grenky, unwell, and inclined to grumble. "I

feel grenky all over me."
Griff, a narrow valley, a rocky fissure-like chasm,

a dingle.
Grime, soot. " As black as grime."
To Grime, to blacken, to defame. " A grimy

tongue," a slanderous tongue.
A Griming, a sprinkling or slight coating. " A

griming o' snow."
To Grip, to grasp. " Grip hod," take hold. " Tak

good grip hod," take a firm grasp of ik
A Grip-hod, a handle to grasp at.
A Grip, a trench or small ditch ; the hollow lines

between furrows of land.

76 GLOBSAEY.

A Gripe, a dung-fork.

A Grob, a term of derision for a diminutive person.
" A Uttle grob.'^

To Grob, to probe, to examine, as the hand dives
into the comer of the pocket.

Grobbino. '^ He goes grobbing about," wandering
or trifling from place to place.

To Grobble, to poke into a hole with a stick, as
for anything fallen in.

To Grose, to save or amass wealth.

A Groser, a saver.

Grou, grim-looking. ''He looks as grou as
thunder." " Mie sky looks black and grou,"
threatening rain. '' A grou moming,^^ a dull
morning.

Gruff, sullen and snappish. '' As gruff as a bull-
dog."

To Gruff, to snore, to grunt.

Grundage, ground rent for leasehold property.

Grunston or Grunnleston, a grindstone.

To Gruntle, to grunt in a low or murmuring tone,
as a sickly cow.

Guilevat or Garlfat, the tub in which the beer
ferments; also the liquor fermenting. ''It
works like a garlfat," brisk bottled porter.

GuizARD, a person ridiculously dressed or dis-
guised ; a masker.

Gulls, the sea fowls of the cliffs. Tradition
asserts that they cannot fly over the Abbey of
Whitby without lowering their wings to the
ground, by way of homage to St. Hilda, the
foundress. The legend is alluded to in "Mar-
mion." See Hilda.

GuMTioN, talk partaking of impertinence. " Give

GLOSSARY. 77

US none of your gumtion/^ Also^ ^' He was a
man of gumtion/^ a person capable of talking
well on a subject.

H.

XT ACE^ half a mattock^ one without the adze end.
■"■^ Hackle^ substance^ furniture. ^' He has a good

hackle on his back^ he does not shame his

keeper/^ stout and well-looking.
To Hackle^ to dress or turn up the ground.
To Haffle^ to speak imintelligibly j to ^^haffle

and snaffle/' to stammer and speak through

the nose. " A baffling sort of a body/' a

stammerer. Also in the sense of hesitation

or demurrage in coming to a decision. '^ Don't

baffle about it^ finish it at once."
Hao^ mist. ^^ Frost hag/' frost haze. See Bar.
Hag^ a rock or cliff.
Hag^ a coppice; supposed^ says Mr. Marshall^ to

be the woodland set apart by the lord of the

soil as fuel for his tenants.
Hag-clog^ a chopping-block.
To Haggle^ to hail. " It both haggl'd and snow'd."

^^ It haggles sair/' hails fast. Also^ to banter.
Hagsnare^ a stobb off which coppice wood has been

cut ; a knot or clump of a tree^ gnare or guar

signifying a knot.
Hagwobms^ the common snakes of the woods.
Haib-breeds^ hair's-breadths. ^^ She's dying by

hair-breeds/' by very slow degrees.
To Hake^ to lay wait for news, to '' go baking

about," prying.
To Hake or Heeak, to teaze or urge, to annoy

with requests or enquiries. " He hakes my

very heart out."

78^ GLOSSARY.

Hake. " A greedy hake," a grasping discontented

person.
To Hale out, to empty, as water, from a vessel.

" Hale away !" pour away.
Halfmarrow, one who has not yet completed the
term of his apprenticeship as a workman.

" Two halfmarrows make one whole man."
Half-rocked, ill-trained, only half nursed.
Hallocked, teased, harassed.
To Hammer, to speak confusedly, to stammer.
Hampered, beset, perplexed, "They^re a sair

hampered family," borne down with expenses

or misconduct. Also in the sense of infested.

" We're sairly hampered wi' rats."
Hand. " TU bear thee at hand for 't," a threat — I

will remember you after ttis for doing so.
Handclout, a towel.
Hangedly, reluctantly. " He left home this time

very hangedly." Downcast.
Hang-lit-on't I an imprecation. ''May hanging

alight on it," or befal it.
Hank, a rope-loop for fastening a gate; also a

clump or knot of yarn or thread.
Hankled or Handkled, joined hand-in-hand in a

pursuit. ''They hankled him on," enticed

him to unite.
A Hantle, a great deal. "It cost a hantle o'

money," a large sum. " He has a hantle o*

clothes on his back," weU wrapped.
To Hap up, to cover up, to hide or bury. " Are

you well happed?" defended from the cold

with clothing. " AlPs white and happed up,"

covered with snow.
Happen, perhaps, probably. " Happen it may

rain." See Belike,

GLOSSARY. 79

Happing, body clothing. "Bed happing/' bed

clothes ; cloth wrappers.
Harden-faced, a weather term. " The sky looks

a harden-faced look/' as if determined on bad

weather.
Hardset, in a difficulty, incapable. ''Hardset

with a family/' borne down with the weight.

"The wall seems hard set to stand/' ready

to fall. " He's ower hardset wi' work/'

overdone.
Harled, mottled as cattle.
Harn, coarse linen. " A wide setten ham apron/'

an apron of wide or open texture in the

fabric.
Harr, a strong fog, or drizzling rain, " Frost

harr," or " Frost hag," the frost mist.
Harrow. "He trails a light harrow, his hat

covers his family," he pursues a light course,

he is unmarried and without the cares of a

household, unclogged.
Hask, deficient in moisture. " Hask bread," oft

said to be as " hask as chopped hay."
Hat-flipe, the hat-brim.
Haugoed, tainted, offensive, as overkept meat,

*' half-gone," or decayed.
Haunt, a habit. " He has a sad haunt on 't," a

fixed habit of doing so and so. " He got

haunted to it by degrees," gradually habituated

to it.
Hause, the throat.

Hauving or Oaping, clownish, gaping with sur-
prise. "What are you hauving at?" What

amazes you?
A Hauveygauvey or Hauvison, an unmannered

rustic, a clown.

80 OLOSSARY.

Hawbuck I foolish fellow !

Haweb, oats. " Hawer meal/^ oatmeal.

Hats^ an old word for boundaries or land fences.

" Scalby Hays/' a part of the boundary of

Whitby strand.
Hazeling or Hezzelino^ a flogging with a pliable

stick or hazel. *^ A good hazeling/' school

correction.
Hazt^ a quarrel or scold^ a doud of abusive lan-
guage. '^ I gave her a good hazy.'*
Head-gear or Head-ttre^ the head dress and its

adornments. See Gear also T^re.
Head-gear^ the internal furniture of the head^

brains^ sense.
Hear till him I the exclamation^ " Hark now^

listen to him V* when any one's assertion is

wonderful or doubtful.
Heartbrusten (pron. brussen), heart-broken^ burst

with grief.
Hearteased^ mentally relieved.
To Hearten on^ to incite or encourage with hope.

'' You must hearten him on.''
Heartening^ hopes^ courage^ or strength imparted

to the spirits. '^ The doctor gave him good

heartening/' great hopes of reooveiy. " Bad

heartening/' poor prospect of amendment.

'' No heartening at all/' no hopes whatever.
Heartgrown^ fondly attached. Also elated with

the expectation or appearance of prosperity.

"They were no ways heartgrown in the

matter^" not over sanguine of success.
Heartseeak, heartsick ; . and in the sense of being

weary of a concern.
Heartwarm. See Gotherly,
Heartwhole^ sound at heart. " A decent heart-

GL08SABT. 81

whole kind of a man/^ Also in the sense of
not being in love.

To Heaye the Hand^ to bestow charity in mites,
amounting to little more than the shadow of
giving, or the mere motion of the hand in the
act. " Ay, ay/^ it is said, " he has heaved his
hand, he is a generous John/'

Heazy, hoarse, thickwinded as cattle.

Hebble, the rail of a wooden bridge.

Heck, a door or hatchway. See Steck.

Heck, a rack, a hayrack. " Cleared out of heck
and harbour,^' reduced to the want both of
food and shelter.

A Heckling, a scolding undergone ; the ordeal of
being '^ called over the coals.''

A Hectobino, a reprimand, or denunciation in im-
perious terms.

Heeaf, the haunt, abode, or accustomed walk.
" A man's own heeaf," own home. " Where
do you heeaf at?" where do you lodge or
live?

Heeap or Heap, a quarter of a peck measure.
" They gi' short heeaps," an expression for
bad measure of all sorts.

Heeat. See Yat or Heeat,

Heeat pots, pots of hot ale sweetened and spiced,
with which the friends of a bridal party meet
them on the road from church after the mar-
riage ceremony. This custom is upheld in
full force at Robin Hood's Bay, a maritime
townlet near Whitby ; and as many as twelve
hot pots have been brought forth and partaken
of in the one mile's distance between the
church and the town. Bride ales.

To Heeze or Hooze, to breathe with difficulty.

82 OLOSAARY.

Heft^ deceit in the way of a handle or excnse.
"It's all heft," or " whiteheft," dissimulation
practised for a certain purpose.

Helm, a hovel, an open shed for cattle in a field.

Hempy, basely inclined. "A hempy dog," a youth
disposed to practises, which may end in the
hangman's hemp ; a '' gallows bird."

Henbaucks, the henroost or fowl perch.

Henscrats, small streaky clouds, said to denote
rain or wind, likened to the marks of fowls'
feet in the dust.

Herring-sue, the heron, a bird noted for its long
legs and neck, and its pursuit of fish. '^ As
tlun as a herring-sue," a taU lanky person.

Hesp, the door-fastener or button which turns on
a pivot in the centre. "A Hesp, a Slot,
and a Snece," all of similar use. See the
several terms.

Hey-go-mad, riotous tumult, or the boisterous
firolic at an entertainment. "They went
beyond all bounds, they played the very hey-
go-mad."

Hezeling. See Hazeling,

HiG, a state of petulance or dissatisfaction.
" They took the hig at it," they were offended.

HiOHSHA LowsHA, as an edge which ought to be
formed straight is cut crooked or zigzag;
unevenness.

HiGHTY Horse, the childish designation of the
horse.

Hilda, the first abbess of Streonshalh the ancient
Whitby, and the patron saint of the place.
She was the daughter of Hereric a Northum-
brian prince, and with a small community of
nuns from Hereutu or Hartlepool, settled here

GLOSSARY, 83

in Saxon times^ a.d. 658; a period from
which the town dates its origin.

Hinder end^ the back part of anything.

Hine! go hence. "Hineawayl" be off.

A HiNO-BY^ an adherent^ a dependent^ a flatterer.

To HiPB, to butt or strike with the horn as cattle
assault one another. Also^ to slander or
oppose. "They are always hiping at one
another/^ keeping up a feeling of contention.

Hipfen-hod^ the seat or *^ hold^^ of news or talk ;
a house of gossip.

HipPiNos, child's napkins, hip-cloths.

HiPPLEs, cocklets or small bundles of hay set up
to dry.

To HiRPLE. See Hurple.

HiTHER-GO-THERES, deviations in a reasoning
process, digressions.

HoAViNG, HoAvisH, clowuish, silly.

Hob OP RuNswicK. A hobgoblin haunting Hob-
holes, a cave in the cliff at Bunswick, a
fishing village near Whitby. He was famous
for curing children of the hooping-cough or
kin cough, when thus invoked by those who
took them in —

" Hob hole hob ! my bairn's gotten

t' kin cough,
Tak 't off, tak 't off."

HoBBERTY-HOY, '^neither a man nor a boy," but

at an age between both.
To Hod, to hold. ''He has his land under a

good hod," a good tenure, or in other words,

he has a good landlord. '' He'll hod his hod,"

keep what he has got.
Hon slack! slacken the rope you have hold of;

the reverse of Hod on.

84 GLOSSARr.

99

HoDDiNo SLACK. " We're hodding slax^k a bit,
gossiping awhile, holding talk when there is
nothing else to do. Or^ " We're just having
a bit of hod talk.''

To Hod talk, to gossip. *^ A good hand at hod-
ding talk."

To Hod up. ''She's sae poorly she can't hod
up," so ill that she is obliged to lie down.

To HoFFLE, to shuffle along at a slow or impeded
pace as if the legs were banded together. '' I
can hardly get hoffled home."

HoFFs, hoofs; vulgarly, the human feet.
'' Clarted hoflfs," dirty feet with walking.

Hog, a sheep of a year old is so called.

HoiT,a siUy feUow."What a hoit you are to be sure!"

Hoiting. See Toitinff.

HoLL, a deep hollow valley.

HOLL, HoLL TIME Or HOLLOW TIME. "The hoU

of winter," the depth of winter.

Holl'd, hollowed out, pined or starved. '' A little
holl'd thing," a puny child.

Hollow or Halloo. " He carries it hollow," he
proceeds exultingly, or he bears the palm.
" He has beaten them all hollow back," out-
stripped all his competitors.

HoLLY-DANCB, a daucc at " holly time" or Christ-
mas^ when the green holly bough is in general
use as a decoration.

Holm, a brook or beck. See LeaL

A Holy barzon, a person tawdrily bedecked as
the images in Catholic countries.

" A brace of sinners for no good
Were order'd to the Virgin Mary's shrine,

Who at Loretto dwelt in wax, stone, wood,
And in a currd white wig looVd wondrous fine.''

GLOSSABT. 85

''What a holy barzon!^* is the usual excla-
mation^ — what a ridiculous figure !

Holy- DANCE, (pron. hooaly dance). ''We have
been at a holy dance/^ The lively proceedings
of certain modem religionists in their public
services, are so termed. It would appear
however, that the word may have a much
older application, and probably refer to the
" Sacred Mysteries^' which were dramatically
represented at particular seasons by our Ca-
tholic forefathers.

Holt-stone, a flint or pebble in its natural state
with a hole through it, numbers of which are
found on our coast. They are also called
"lucky stones,^^ and are hung by a string to
the street-door key to insure prosperity to the
house and its inmates, as the horseshoe is
naUed behind the door for the same purpose !

Holy Thursday, "Ascension Day." The doings
here on this day, are now only matter of
recollection. After morning service, the
parish boundaries of Whitby were wont to be
perambulated by the minister, churchwardens,
U people. sLy-laces, papers of pins, and
biscuits were scrambled for at diflferent sta-
tions, and the officials dined together at the
end of the fray. See Battering-stone and
Pennyhedge.

Home-coming, the evening tide for returning
home after the labours of the day ; also the
kind of reception you then meet with accord-
ing to circumstances. " I shall have a bonny
home-coming about it with my wife, depend
upon it," the anticipation of being treated
with a fireside lecture.

8

86 GLOSSARY.

HoNET ! '' My honey/' my dear ; the same a»

the Northumbrian and Scottish " hinney/' or

sweet one.
HoNET-BAiRN. " My honey-baim!" my sweet, or

my dear cUld.
HoNETFALL, a befalment of good things. '^ They

have had a brave honeyfall lately/' a great

deal of property bequeathed.
HoNET Fathers! an expression of surprise^ at

the same time calUng upon the ^^ sweet

saints'' or '^fathers/' to witness the sight.

'^My blessed honies!" is a kindred exclama-
tion.
' Hood-ends, the "hobs" or resting plates for the

kettle on each side of the fire-place.
To Hooze. See Heazy,
HoppET or Hopper, a husbandman's seed basket

from which he dispenses the grain.
HoppBT, the jail. "They were putten i' f

hoppet," imprisoned. May not the word be

more properly "Awe pit," a dungeon or cell

terrifying to offenders?
To Hopple, to tie the legs of cattle to prevent

them running away.
HoRSE-couPER, a dealer or trafficker in horses, a

" horse-jobber." See To Coup or Exchange.
HoRSEGODMOTHERs, clowuish couutry women.

See Barndoor Savages.
HoRSEooGS, a large coarse bitterish plum grown

in this neighbourhood. See Goosegogs.
HoRSE-TROD, a path or track only sufficient for

a man and a horse, "a bridle road." See

Trod.
Host-house (pron. wost-house), a farmer's inn at

market.

OLOS8ABT. 87

To HosTLB (pron. wossle)^ to put up at an inn^
''to hoet/' ''Where do you hostle at?"
lodge at.

Hostler^ in monastic times^ the head official of
the guest- hall for the entertainment of
strangers^ answering to the modem landlord.
The word as it is now used^ may be written
Horseler^ the menial who takes charge of the
horses and vehicles at an inn.

Hot-pots. See HeeaUpots or Bride-ales.

HoTCH, job or business. "They made a base
hotch on'i" a poor affair of it.

HoTTER^D UP, jumbled together, confused,
crowded.

HoTTEsiNo, shaking or jolting, as a carriage on a
stony road. " We went hottering in the cart
all the way on."

HoTTEBiim, limping, lame, in the sense of
tottering.

HoTTEBY, uneven to walk or ride upou^ as a
rugged road.

HouE or Sabrow, the tumuli which abound in the
neighbourhood of Whitby, as the burial
mounds of the ancient Britons of two thou-
sand years ago. When opened, they are
found in general to be rude vaults of stone,
which have received the remains of the dead
after cremation ; the calcined bones and ashes
being contained in " pankin-shaped" urns of
slightly baked clay, from twelve to twenty-
four inches high, and having further a smaller
one within for holding, it is thought, the
ashes of the heart. The occurrence of several
urns together in one vault, suggest the idea of
a family tomb ; and in connexion, a quantity

88 OLOSSABY.

of arrow-heads and other spear-shaped imple-
ments of flint are met with^ some with their
edges indented like a saw^ and others with
long teeth cut in resemblance to a comb.
T. Kendal^ Esq., of Pickering, has the largest
and best collection in this neighbourhood;
and viewed as the only extant relics of its
aboriginal inhabitants, they are certainly of
very great interest. See Awf -shots.

Hounded, pursued in the sense of one person
introduced to another by the stratas:em of a
third paxty, as a maa^to a ma4 he is
desirous of making is said to have been
hounded to the woman. Also a sideway
reconmiendation in any one's behalf is called
a hounding for another's benefit.

HousEFAST, confined by illness or otherwise, to the
house.

HoxTSEN, houses, property in bricks and mortar.

HousEN-sTUFF, houschold furmture ; all household
appliances.

The HousE-PLACE, the room in the house where
the family live in common, often expressly
termed " the house.''

HousEWARMiNG, a fcast to friends on taking pos-
session of new quarters.

Hout! nay, it is not so; disbelief.

To Hover, Hovering, a weather term signifying
unsettled or uncertain. " Hovering for rain,"
cloudy, threatening. Also in the sense of
hesitation or suspense. '^ I rather hover'd a
bit," waited awhile. "Hover your hand!"
stop or withhold, as for instance, in the act of
pouring water.

To Hover or Ower, to stand still. See Titter.

GLOSSARY. 89

Howdy, a midwife.

HowKiNo, digging ; a word related to hacking and
hoeing.

How-LY, (y long) a street play among boys resem-
bling hide and seek, the hidden one going
behind a wall and crying How-ly to the,
finder. Apparently the same as the south
country game called " Whoop.^^

HowsoMiWBB, howsoever, nevertheless.

HuBBLESHOo, the commotion of a crowd. *' The
street is all in a hubbleshoo.^^

Huff. "They took the huflf at it/' they were
offended by it. See Hig,

HuFFiL or HuwiL, a sheath for a finger sore.

To Hug, to carry as if toiling with a cumbrous
load. '^Ise brusten wi hugging on 't,''
" burst'' or out of breath in contending with
the load.

HuKE, the huckle or hip. " I have never cruik'd
my huke the whole of the day," crooked my
hip to sit down. " The huke-bone," the hip-
bone.

To Hull, to unshell, as green peas.

Hulls, shells or husks. " Pea hulls."

Hummel' D, hornless, humble. '^A little hum-
mel'd cow."

To HuRFLE, to stick up the back, as a beast under
a hedge in cold weather.

To HuTTER, to stutter or stammer.

HuWiL. See HuffiL

To Hype, to make mouths or grin. "A rare
hyper," a good mimic or imitator ; a word
with which the term hypocrite or dissembler
appears connected.

.8§

90 GLOSSARY.

I.

TCE Shoglins or Ickles^ icicles.

-*• Ffakins, in faith^ — an asseveration.

Ilk, each. "I saw him ilk other day/' every
alternate day.

Ill-clep'd, ill-conditioned, ill-bred, churlish. See
Clep.

To Illfare, to experience misfortune or incon-
venience.

Ill-gaited, ill-made about the legs, as a bad
walker. See Gait.

Illify, to reproach with evil, to defame.

Ill put on, ill-clothed or dressed, or "badly
putten on,'' shabby.

Ill-tented, uncared for, imheeded, badly nursed.

Ill-thriven, — Ill-throdden or Ill-throven,
sickly, diminutive, ill-looking. See Throdden,
Also, with respect to the disposition, cross-
. grained, untoward.

An Illturn, a mischief. '^They threatened to
do him an illturn."

Inear, the kidneys; perhaps from their supposed
resemblance to the shape of the ear.

Ingle, fire, flame. " The ingle," the fireside.

Ings, low pasture lands formerly wet or fenny.

Inoo, presently. "I'll gang inoo," I will go
directly, or just now.

Inkleweavers. " They were aU as kind as inkle-
weavers," cordial or unanimous, probably
having the meaning of the expression, " They
all wove at the same web," or were com-
panions in the same pursuit. Inkle is a kind
of coarse Unen cloth.

An Inkling, a notion as to the state of a matter.

GLOSSARY. 91

'^ He had no inkling of what was going on/'
no idea.

Inkling^ hint or intimation. ^^ I will give you a
bit of an inkling about it/' a little light or
information on the subject.

Inkling or perhaps Inclin, desire^ appetite^ incli-
nation.

Insensed^ informed. " I was not fairly insensed
into it/' enlightened on the subject.

Intiv or Intil, into.

Inzes or Inses^ "ins/' or ''makeweights/' as short
candles at the chandler's to make up the
pound; or rolls at the baker's where they
give inzes to the dozen^ or so many over;
hence a baker's dozen^ fourteen.

IviN, ivy. "A green ivin'd wall."

J.

TACK, a quarter of a pint measure.

^ Jannock, fair even. "That now, is notjan-
nock/' unfair, uncandid.

To Jaup or Jowp, to dash about like water in a
vessel when shaken up.

Jawer, "jaw/' talk or impudence. "Give us
none of your javver/' hold your tongue.

Jawmatrees. See Geomatries,

Jawping, spacious, gaping wide. " A great jawping
fire-stead/' a large yawning fireplace, such
as are to be seen in old-fashioned cottage
interiors.

JjET, a mineral universally proverbial for its black-
ness. "As black as jet," intensely black.
In no place in the kingdom, and perhaps in
the world, is there greater emolument derived

u « ^" ^

^mmr^^^^w^""^^

92 OLOSSA&T.

from the adaptation of this article to orna-
mental purposes, than in Whitby, in the
neighbourhood of which it is abundantly
obtained. The manufacture of broaches,
bracelets, beads, rings, crosses &c., belongs to
the vast variety of tasteful appliances to which
jet is made subservient; and the present
number of men and boys employed in the
various departments, is computed at 400. It
was said that the best jet was yielded by the
sea cliffs at Mulgrave ; but lately, seams have
been discovered in the inland parts of the
locality, which promise to be of equal value
with the former. Beads and pendents of jet,
are found in the burial places of the Romans
and the Saxons in this quarter. In polished
sections, it was formerly used for the adorn-
ment of funereal tablets; and in a document
relating to a house near the bridge at
Whitby, there occurs the name " John Carlill^
Jet worker, 1598 -" which goes to prove that
the trade ostensibly, has been localized among
us for more than two hundred and fifty years.

Jiffy. "It was all done in a jiflfy,^^ quickly, instantly.

A JiLL^ a half-pint measure.

JiLLiKG. " He goes jilling about,^^ drinking his
half-pints at different places, as the toper.

A JiLLivEB, a wanton woman in the last stage of
her good looks. A "July flower," or "the
last rose in summer."

JoDDEBUM, a jelly, a tremulous mass.

Join-night, in the country, generally the evening
of Pancake Tuesday or Shrove day, when
young people meet and club or join, to pur-
chase sugar for the manufacture of sweetball^

GLOSSABT. 93

of which twenty-four pounds weight is some-
times boiled at one joining.

JoLLus^ fat, fleshy. ^^ A flushy-faced jollus sort o'
body," a jolly-looking person.

JooAN or JooANY. ^' Jooauy Jooanson,'^ John
Johnson.

JooANs and Bettys, country lads and lasses.

A Jorum or Jollment, a large pitcher full. ^' A
rare jorum of broth.^^

Jowls, jaws. " Fat-jowPd,'* fat-faced or ^'bag-
faced.^^ ^' A brave fat jowl," a great fat face.

To Jowl or Joll, to jolt, to knock heads together.

To Jowl, to strike from the ground with a long
stick or a boy's bat, a piece of wood or a ball
to a distance as in the game of ''Jowls,''
which appears to have no more aim in it than
that of sending the projectile from place to
place by way of bodily exercise. ''Shin-
noping," is another name for the same kind of
pastime.

Judy-cow. See Cow-lady.

JuNTUs, easily offended. ''A juntus sort of a
body," a person not very approachable or
appeaseable.

K.

TZAPFY. See Cha:ffy.

-^^ To Keck or Kecken, the effort between a

choke and a cough.
Keckenhearted, squeamish, ready to be sick at

the sight of food ; fastidious.
Keckle, to laugh or giggle.
Kedge. '' The sourness made my teeth kedge/'

set my teeth on edge.
A Kedge or Kedgebelly, a glutton.

94 GLOSSARY.

Kxdo'd^ filled with eating. '^ Hast thou not gotten

thysel kedged yet V^ have you not yet eaten

a Bufficiencjr.
Redoing^ food of all kinds. ''They love good

kedging.^^
To Eeeak or Keak^ to throw back the neck.

Also^ '' to keeak up a cart/^ to tilt it up for un-
loading. " To keak up the legs,^* to rear

behind as a vicious horse.
Keeak^d uf^ heaved up or upraised ; and in the

sense of cocked- up '^ or exalted^ proud.
Keeal^ porridge^ or broth of meat and vegetables.

Also, gruel, as ''Flour keeal/' "Wotmeal

keeal.''
Eeeal-fot or Kail-pot, the porridge-pot, more

particularly the iron round-bottomed kettle

upon three legs.
Keeah or Kaim, a comb.
Eeean^d, having white scuinmy particles on the

top, as milk when souring.
Keeans, scum of ale, particles on the surface of a

fermentation. "Keeans and scruffinents,^'

scum and other impurities.
To Keeave, to rake the short straws and ears from

wheat on the bam floor.
Keeaving Bake, a barn-floor rake.
Keeaving Sieve or Keeaving Biddle, a sieve for

thrashed com wherein the impurities are

sorted out.
Keedman. See Cadmon, the Saxon poet of Stre-

onshalh.
Kegg^d, stomached or displeased. "He^s gitten

sairly kegg'd."
Keld, a spring or fountain. "The keld head,^'

the spring head.

&LOSSARY. 95

Kelk^ a thump. "A fist kelk/^ a blow given with
the fist.

Kelks^ the roe or spawn of fish, or "rownM/^
from which the yoimg fiy emanate. Milts or
melts belong to the males.

Kelps, the iron pothooks suspended in the chim-
ney ; also the bow or circular handle of the
pot itself. When the pot is taken from the
hooks over the fire, the latter begin to vibrate,
and the maid is anxious to stop them, for
while they continue in motion '^ the 'Virgin
weeps V^ a superstition of the olden time.

Kelter, case or condition, bodily or otherwise.
" In good kelter," all right, sound. '^ Out of
kelter,^^ unsound, out of tune.

Kelteb'd, cared for, endowed. ^^ Well or ill kel-
ter'd.^^

Keltebments, different kinds of property, odds
and ends of articles.

Kemp'd, combed. " Get thy hair kempM out.^*

A Ken or Kurn, a butter chum.

A Ken Curdle, a churn staff.

Kenspac, Kenspec, or Kenspeckle, distinguishable,
conspicuous. ^^As kenspac as a cock on a
church broach,'^ as visible as a weathercock
upon a church spire.

Kenspecr^d, made prominent, branded or marked
for distinction.

To Kep, to catch as a tossed ball, or water caught
into a vessel. ^^ Kep it," catch it.

Keslop. See Cheslip.

Kessen, cast off or laid aside. " You hae kessen
your great coat, I obsarve." "Aye, I have,^^ is
oft the reply, " and I feel to hae getten nae
grace by it," no advantage by doing so, but

96 GLOSSARY.

the probability of a cold. " He has never
kessen his bad bout/' never got over the effects
of his illness.

To Kessen, to christen. A Eessening^ a christening.

Kessenmas. See Christmas,

Kessenup, added up as accounts are reckoned.
Cast up.

Kester^ Christopher.

Kestril^ a hawk or ravenous bird. " It has a
stomach like a kestril kite/' a prodigious
appetite.

Ket, carrion ; inferior or tainted meat.

Ketty, putrid.

KiMLiN^ a large dough tub.

KiN^ sample or kind, relationship. '^ An ill kin.''
a bad kind. " A bettermy kin/' a superior
sort.

Kin, a crack or chap in the skin from frost or cold.
"Kinn'd hands/' chopped hands. "Kinn'd
feet/' chilblained feet.

KiNCOUGH, the hooping or " chin-cough." Charms
and popular remedies for the same are nu-
merous. See Hob of Runstvick. It is also a
practice to put a live hairy worm into a small
bag, which is hung round the jieck of the
patient, and as it decomposes, the cough will
decrease. Also pass the child under the belly
of an ass nine times for nine successive morn-
ings ; and we have known the animal taken to
the fireside for fear of giving the child cold
from exposure. A roasted mouse to be eaten
is another remedy ; and great faith is put in a
piece of bread and butter which shall be the
gift of an unmarried female !

Kink, a fit or paroxysm. " A kink of laughter.

»

OLOSSABY. 97

Also^ stiffness and pain from cold. " IVe a

kink in my neck/*
KiNLiNG or KiNDELiNG^ materials for lighting the

fire. See Eldin.
KippEB, nimble. " As kipper as a colt.**
KiBK^ church. The term here is not so oft applied

to the building as to the churchyard, ^^the

Kirk garth.**
KiBK-MAisTEB, churchwardcu ; the name occurs,

but is seldom heard.
Kisses, a well-known sweetmeat for children;

small brown su^ar balls streaked with white

and flavoured ^Ii oU of peppermint.
KisT, a chest. " A kirk garth kist,** a churchyard

chest, a coffin.
Kite, stomach.

Kith, connexions. Kin or kindred.
Kiting, provisions.
KiTLiNs, kittens, or ^^ cat*s whelps.**
KiTLiNG Bbains, weak-minded, thoughtless, fickle.
Kittle, keen or intent, ticklish. ^' As kittle as a

mousetrap,** excitable, easily set off, " rather

kittleish.**
To Kittle, to tickle.
To Knack, to talk fine or affectedly. " She knacks

and knappers like a London miss.*'
A Knap, a person not strictly honest in dealing

or appropriation. "A regular knap."
To Knap, to crack, to knock. Also, to overreach

in a bargain.
A Knap, a sUght fracture in china. " Not broken,

only a bit of a nap.**
A Knappeb, a street-door knocker, more generally

termed the rapper. See To Knack,
To Knabl, to knot or entangle.

9

98

GLOSSARY.

To Knep or Knipe^ to crop with the teeth and lips^
as sick cattle which pick a little hay from the
hand. " They are nobbut just yabble to knep
a bit/^ only able to eat a little at a time.

Knodden^ kneaded as dough with butter or lard^
which is called knodden paste. Also clay or
any soft substance is said to be knodden when
indented with the fingers.

Enoll^d por. '' We are just going to get him
knolPd for/' the passing bell toUed for him
who is just dead. The same as ^Hhe soul
bell/' which, in the days of the old religion,
was rung when a person was dyins, to call
togeth^the neighbours and friends to pray for
the departing spirit. The earUest notice of
the use of bells in the British churches is
recorded in connection with the annals of
Whitby Abbey. Bede, in his Ecclesiastical
History, speaking of the death of St. Hilda
the foundress, teUs us that one of the sisters
in the distant cell of Hackness as she was
sleeping, thought she heard the well-known
sound of the bell which called them to prayers
when any of their number departed this life.
The abbess was no sooner apprised by this
forewarning of Hilda's demise, which proved
in accordance with the event annoimced
shortly after by messengers from Whitby, than
she roused all the sisters and called them into
the church to pray fervently, and sing a requiem
for the soul of their mother. The cell at
Hackness belonged to Whitby Abbey.

Knor or Gnar, a small ball of lignum vita for
playing at cricket with, or a similar game
which is called ^' Spell and Knor^" the spell

GLOSSARY. 99

being the trap or tilt on the ground^ from
which the ball is stnick by the ^^ tribbit stick/*
or long-handled bat. See THbbet Stick.

Know (pron. knaw). "It quite put me oflf my
knaw/* perplexed me in my knowledge of the
matter^ or put to flight my ideas.

Knowful, knowing. " He was skilful and know-
ful.^* " A knowful kind of a body/* a clever
sort of a person.

KoNNY, pretty. "A conny little creature.*'

Kye, cows. When the cows are turned out to
summer grass, the nearest Sunday to May-day
is the old fashion preferred, upon the principle,
" better day better deed.**

A Kye-byre, a cow-bam.

Kyles. See Carles.

L.

T AAHTLE, Uttle. " He*s a varry laahtle un,** a
■^ very diminutive person.
To Labbeb, to dabble with the hands in water.
Labber*d, wet and bemired, as a person on a dirty

road in a shower.
Labberment, "A bit of a labberment/* a washing

of linen upon a small scale, called also " a slap

washing.**
Laboitrsome, laborious, fatiguing. We have a

lang laboursome hill to climm,** fatiguing

ascent to surmount.
A Lad-loufer, a forward young female, a tomboy.
Lady Clocks. See Cow Ladies.
Laid to, much resorted to, or drawn upon. " The

well is very much laid to.*'
Lair or Lare, learning. See Lear,
To Lairk, to play.

100 0L08SABT.

Laibkino Bbass^ a child's aUowance of pocket
money.

Laibkins^ cliildreii's toys ; trinkets in general.

Laibock^ the skylark.

Laibock-heel'd^ as a person having an uncommon
projection of heel ; the feet of the lark, we
believe, have large hinder protuberances.

To Lait or Late, to seek any thing hidden or lost.
'' Lait it till you find it."

To Laldeb or Lolder, to sing ranting psalmody.
'^ LoLLABBisM^' the party designation given to
certain religionists in former times, who
were much given to singing or ^^Lalling/'
as loud lively singing is here popularly called.

Laldebish or Laldebing, going on at a heed-
less pace without making good use of
your time, or '^laldering about all the day
through.'^

Lalling. See to Lalder.

Lallofs. See Lollops.

A Lamiteb, a lame person.

Landloupeb, an adventurer; one who goes from
place to place, gains the confidence of the
community, and then elopes without paying
his debts. See Run-a-country.

Langavized, long-visaged, meagre-faced.

Langcannt. '^They are almost at langcanny
point,'* the far end of their means or circum-
stances. " I felt at lang canny wi' t' weight
on't,'' nearly exhausted with carrying my
load.

Lang-hundbed, an old-fashioned calculation, six
score; as the '^long dozen'' or baker's dozen
is fourteen.

GLOSSARY. 101

Langlength^ full length. ^' I tummePd down all

my langlength/^ fell my whole length.
Lang-ma-last^ he is always lang-ma-last at his
meals/^ the long man over them^ or the last
to finish.

Lang-pund, the old twenty-two ounces of butter
instead of the present sixteen ; and in the long
roll shape^ instead of the round. See Fund-
stone.

Lang sbn^ long since.

Lang settle^ a long seat or form with a back-
rail and arms ; in some cases^ however^ the
back^ &c.^ is an entire boarded surfiEU^. See
Neukin.

Langsome^ tedious. '^A langsome day/' when
time hangs heavily. ^'Ower langsome by
half/' too long or tedious.

LANG-TONGUED,giyen to tale-bearing, over talkative.

Lantebn-leight, the glass of the lantern through
which the light shines; a term expressive of
thinness. ^^A pair o' cheeks like lantern
leights/' thin even to transparency; "lantern-
jawed/' meagre visaged.

Lantered or Belantered, benighted, to have
need of the lantern; belated.

Lare or Lear, learning, instruction. " How does
our lad get on with his lear?'' "He was,
after all, a mensefiilly leared man,'' had a
decent amount of intelligence.

Lasty, durable. " A pair o' brave lasty shoes."

Laukerins ! or Laukus ! an exclamation of sur-
prise.

Lay-father or Lear-father, a person whose
conduct has influenced others ; an exemplar.

Lea, a scythe.

9§

102 GLOSSART.

Lea-sand^ a fine sand brought from the eastern
moorlands^ to lay upon the strickle or sharpen-
ing tool for the lea. . See Strickle.

Lead-eater^ Indian-rubber, for removing pencil
marks on paper.

Leaf, the inside layer of fat in a pig.

LeaLj little; hence, doubtless, the name of the
hamlet, " Lealholm,^* which may be written
Littlebrook. See Holm.

To Leam, to replenish the rock of the spinning-
wheel with tow.

Leamers, or " brown leamers/^ large filbert nuts.

To Lease or Leaze^ to pick out " the slean and
popple/^ from wheat before it is thrashed.
See Slean ; also Popple.

To Leathe, to relax a rigid part of the body by an
emollient or softening application.

Leath weak or Lith weak, flexible, with refer-
ence to the limbs of a corpse. If very leath
weak, or more pliable than common, it is said
another death will soon occur in the same
family. See lAth.

Leave lang, oblong.

To Leckon on, to add more water to the mash in
brewing.

To Leeace or Lace, to flog, to chastise. '^ Fll
give you a good leeacing,'^ perhaps literally
with a lace or leathern thong.

To Leeace tea, '' to line it," as the phrase goes,
" with gin," which is[ poured into your tea, as
is still the practice in the country in very
cold weather. "Tea leeaced wi' gin," is
talked of by old people as being very common
in smuggling times before the coast-guard

1

6L0SSABT. 103

was established^ when spirits were plentiful
and cheap.

A Leeacer or Lacer^ a term significant of supe-
riority in size above the rest. " That one
now is a lacer/^ larger or the largest in com-
parison.

A Leeacing Mob^ a grandame's old-fashioned cap
enriched with lace.

Leeyer or Liefer^ rather. '^ I had leever go than
stay.^^

Leeghtening^ yeast or leaven, or their substitute,
for raising dough ; the material which light-
ens the bread. See Sponge.

Leeghtly. "Come they leeghtly, gan they
leeghtly/' the saying, " lightly come, lightly
go,^^ as money easily got is often heedlessly
spent.

Leeghtskirts, a female of easy virtue.

Leeghtsome, lively. " A leeghtsome fit," a change
from sadness to joy or serenity, as in people of
melancholic or uneven temperament. Also,
frolicsome, humorous. " A leeghtsome, lilty
sort of a body," lighthearted, inclined to
dance.

Leeve or Lief, willingly, or rather willing in the
sense of indiflference — for instance, as to which
road is to be taken. " I had as leeve go the
one way as the other."

Lesty Day ! . the expression of feeling or commi-
seration. " Alas ! the day !" or Pity it is,
that the circumstance should have so hap-
pened.

Let. See To Ught, to alight upon.

Letten, let. " It might have been letten alone,"
remained unmolested. Also, in the ordinary
sense of tenancy.

104 GLOSSARY.

Letten on. See To Light on.

Leyyited^ as a weight is lifted by laborious degrees
up an aseent^ or by leverage. " She is so
heavy we are matched to get her lewited up
stairs/^ as a sick or helpless person.

A LiBLAB. " All of a froth and liblab/' as frothed
cream.

A Lick and a Slake. See Slake.

LicKs^ a beating. " Give him his licks.^'

Lief. See Leeve. Liefer. See Leever.

A Lift, a scold. See Breeze.

To Lio, to lie down.

A Lio-A-BED, a late riser, a lazy person.

To Light, to alight upon. ^' It flew away and lit
upon a tree.'' '^ He fell down and let upon
his head.'' See Scawd4it-on^t. To Lite
sounds similar, which see.

To Light on, to succeed in the sense of alighting
on the right point in a matter. " How will
you light on think you?" prosper. Also,
'^ Has he let on well?" or, " Has he letten on
well?" has he sped well, or what amount of
success has he had.

Like, likely. " I was like to tummle," ready to
fall. '^ Ise like to be poorly," beginning to
feel unwell. '^ It will happen as like as like
can be" there is the greatest likelihood or
probability of its happening so.

LiLLYLow, the child's designation of the fire, or a
light in general.

LiLTY. See Leeghtsome.

Limber, pliant, not stiff or rigid. " As limber as
a Tnllow wand," or twig.

LiMMERs, the shafts of a carriage. '^ The limmer
horse," the shaft horse.

GLOSSARY. 105

LiN-CLouT, linen rag.
. Lin-nail, the linchpin of a carriage wheel.
Ling, moor heath, of which birch-brooms or besoms
are made.

Ling, a large fish well-known on this coast, as
'^Lenten ling," cod and ling, forming the
greatest part of our salt fish. Lent, or the
early spring, is the season for ling, that for
cod is later; for cod, the fishermen will tell
you, is not good " until it gets a drink of new
May water."

A LiFPEB, a slight swell or leap of the sea, other-
wise not stormy. " There^s no great sets o'
wind, but a great deal of Upper on."

Lit. See To Light, to alight upon.

LiTCHGATE or Leichgate. Scc Corpse yat.

To Lite, to depend upon. '^ I suppose, then, I
may lite o^ you," may trust to your word ; or,
'^ You will be to be lited on," true to your
engagement. Also to wait in expectation of
proceeding. " I have been liting o^ you this
half hour."

LiTH, sinew. ''I am sound in lith and limb."
See Leath'Weak,

To Lithe (i long), to thicken broth with oatmeal-
paste, called ^' the lithing."

LiWER, to deliver. '^ Is the ship liwered," un-
loaded. " What wharf is she liwering at ?"

A Liwering out, a serving out, as the milkman
portions his quantities to his customers.

To LiWBR up, to surrender.

LivvERANCB, liberation, departure. " Poor man
he has gotten his livverance at last !" his
release by death.

Load-saddle, a wooden pack-saddle.

106 GLOSSABY.

Loaning or Loan^ a lane. ''A brant ratty loan-
ing^'' a steep stony road.
LoBSTEB Louse or Lobstbovs Louse^ Millipedes,

— the large grey woodlonse, or *' sow bug/'

The back is covered by a scaly kind of sheath

in joints like the body of the lobster.
Logging^ a truss of long straw. See Stook9.
Lollops or Lallofs^ an idle unwieldly girl. ''A

lang lallopy lass^ as lazy as she^s lang'' (^^ng).
To Look or Louk^ to pick out the weeds firom the

springing crop.
LoosE-OAiTED^ morally speakings one whose walk

is not consistent or circumspect. See Gait.
LoosEiNG about. " He goes looseing about/' at

large^ hanging loose upon society^ yagabond-

ising.
A Lop, a flea. "As pert as a lop/' lively, nimble.

"Lost, like a lop in a church,^' the house too

large for the tenant, disproportionate.
LopPABD, flea-bitten, "Loppard and lost,"

thoroughly infested with dirt, as a house or an

individual. See Lost.
Loppeb'd, curdled. "Lopper'd milk."
Lost, used in the sense of infested. " They're lost

i^ muck/' filthy to a degree. Also, "We're lost

i' thrang/' " over head and ears" in business.
LouND, still, quiet, sheltered from the wind. "A

warm lound walk." " A fine lound day."
To LouNDEB, to beat soundly. "Lounder his

lugs," box his ears. "You deserve a good

loundering."
Loup, leap. To " loup and beat," to throb as a

pulsation in the human body.
Low, flame. " The fire will bum, I see there is a

bit of a low." See Lillylow.

GLOSSARY. 107

LowsE^ loose in all senses.

To LowsE OUT, to untie, to unloose or unpack

goods. " It^s time to get lowsen'd out/^ time

to get the shop opened.
A LowsE AT HEFT, a scapegrace ; a person whom

you have no hold of or dependence upon ; or

one whom you cannot handle.
A LowzE or LoozE, a loosening or disclosure of

particulars ; the issue of an event which has

caused astonishment. " What a lowze !"

what a strange transpiry.
A. Lowze, an attack or a violent motion made

towards an object. '^ I made a lowze at it

with my stick, but I missed it,'^ at the hare,

for instance, that shot across the path.
A LowzENiNo or Loosening, a liberty feast at the

expiry of an apprenticeship. Also, a letting

forth from school at leaving time.
The Lufe, the open hand. " Give us thy lufe, not

thy fist,'' a clasp of the open hand.
LucKT Steean. See Holy Stone.
Lug, the ear, the handle of a pitcher. '^ As deaf

as a pot lug,'' very dull of hearing.
LuMMEBLY or LuMBEBLY, awkward, cumbrous.

M.

lUTABBLED, hammer-dressed, as building stone

-^^ is roughly surfaced instead of being tooled or
smoothed.

Mack, sort or species, make or design. '^What
macks hae ye ?" what kinds or varieties have
you to sell ? '^ All maks and manders," all
shapes and kinds. See Au maks.

To Maddle, to be fond of to the extent of losing

msmmmm

108 GLOSSARY.

one's senses in the matter. " He runs mad-
dling after her with a never give over,'' as a
devoted lover.

Madge or Madgipeg, the clown or buflFoon of the
plough stots. See Plufe stots,

Mafted, stifled or oppressed with heat, as in a
crowd. Baf9ed in a snow storm.

Mainswear, to swear falsely.

Mak sharp ! make haste ; the same as Be sharp !
Be quick !

Mak-shift, a substitute, or rather the temporary
substitution of an inferior thing in the place
^of one superior or more appropriate. An
apology, in the place of telling an exact truth.
" You mun make as good a mak-shift as you
can," you must make as good an excuse as
you are able.

Mak- WEIGHT, a portion put into the scale to make
up the balance. See Inses.

Maks and Manders. See Au maks.

Mam's fout, mother's fool, or spoiled child — the
pet of the family.

Manders. See Mack,

Mang, a mash of bran, malt, &c.

Mantel-tree, the beam for the mantel-piece to the
wide fireplaces of old fashioned farmhouses.
See the description of Neukin, also Riggin
tree.

Mar, a mere, or small lake.

Marrishes, marshes ; grounds liable to be flooded,
as '^Pickering marrishes," "Thornton mar-
rishes." Marrishes is said to be the right
word, and Marshes the corruption.

Marrows, pairs to match ; fellows or equals.

GLOSSARY. 109

To Marrow^ to match. ^' Marrow me that, an ye
please/^ match me the article shown.

Mabrey I an asseveration by St. Mary ! One
person says, *^ It is coming on rain,^^ the other
will add, " Ay Marrey ! it is, sure enough.'^

Mashelton or Machelson, a mixture of wheat and
rye ina mash. A person k said to make
mashelton of his discourse, who puts fine and
coarse words together with an affected pro-
nunciation. Hotch-potch phraseology.

Mauf, a brother-in-law; also a companion or
partner in a pursuit. '^ Him and his mauf.''

Matim, mellow, attended with dryness. Also in-
clined to smell faint or fiisty. " The pear is
over maum for my liking."

AI AUND, a large basket. This word may have con-
nection with the charities of old times given
on Maunday Thursday, the third day before
Easter Sunday, when the rich, after washing
the feet of the poor, in imitation of our Lord's
humility in washing the feet of his disciples,
dispensed quantities of loaves out of large
baskets, together with clothes, money, and
wine.

Maundering, murmuring or low talking. " A
low maundering voice." Also in the sense
of repining or dissatisfaction. " A maunder-
ing sort of a body."

Maunsill or Mawnsell, a fat dirty woman. ^' A
great mucky maunsell."

Mawks, maggots. ''As white as a mawk/' sickly
looking. Whims, imaginary ailments.

Mawky, maggoty, whirasicsJ, hypochondriac.

May-day Customs. These festivities are now no
otherwise here observed, than by the stable-

10

110 OLOSSART.

boys decorating their hats and horses head^
with ribbons^ which they beg at the shops and
of their sweethearts^ on the first of May.

Meatheeal^ whole or sound in point of appetite.

Mell, a wooden maUet or mall.

Mellhead^ blockhead^ dunce.

Mell-suppeb, the harvest-home feast.

Melts or Milts. See Kelks.

Mense^ decency. ^^Hq has nowther mense nor
sense/^ neither good manners nor under-
standing.

Menseful, decent ; a word by which many a good
old-fashioned quality is implied. ^^ Menscr
fully manner'd/^ a well ordered address.
"MensefuUy clad/' becomingly apparelled.
Mensefully lared/' suitably instructed.
Mensefully through the worlds and at last
mensefully brought outy' buried. We have
known the desire for ^^ a menseful funeral ''
run so strong in some old-fashioned folks^
that they have abridged themselves of many
little comforts while livings to lay up a suffi-
ciency for the purpose expressed. See C/ra-
menseful and Mismensed.

Menseless^ without mense, unmannerly, untidy.

Mebrymeats, those meats which are said to have
the effect of exciting the animal propensities.

Met, two bushels.

Met-foke, a narrow corn-bag to contain the
above quantity.

Mew, a mow of com or hay.

MiCKLB, much, large. ^^Mickle sizM,'' large
shaped. " It cost a mickle o' money,'' a large
sum, or a ^^ went mickle," very much. See
Went, ^' Mickle wad hae mair," those who

GLOSSARY. Ill

have much already^ would have m(»fe still;

ayariciousness. '* Every little maks a mickle/^

a thrifty saying — small items make large

amounts. ^' Micklish/^ rather large.
Midden or MiddensteaD;, the manure-heap^ the

dust-hole.
MiG^ manure.
Milk-cans^ milk-pails.
MiLKHOUSE or MiLKNESs^ a dairy.
Milled in, withered, contracted. " He has very

much miU^d in of late/^ grown aged or shrunk

in appearance.
Mill-gear, the machinery, 8z;c. of the mill. See

Crear.
MiLL-REEACE, the rush or fall of water, which

turns the mill.
MiLNER, a miller.
Milts or Melts. See Kelks,
MiNGLEMENT, a mixturc of many ingredients.
To Mint, to mimic, to imitate by motion. " He

did not strike me, but he minted at it.^'
To MisKEN, to mistake one person for another.

'^ I miskennM you.'' To misconceive.
Mismens'd, damaged, depreciated. " The paint

is sadly mismens'd with the dust.'' dulled.
Mistetch'd, mistrainedr or mistaught. A horse

which has tricks is said to have been mis-

tetched, or badly broken in.
Mistrysted, frightened, put out of track. '* I hae

been sair mistrysted," sorely perplexed.
MiTHRiDATE. ^^ I'll bray thee to. a Mithridate."

See To Bray.
MoiT, particle. ^^ The meat was eaten up every

moit," all gone. " There was neither head

nor hair on't, moit nor doit," a total disap-
pearance. See Doit.

112 aiiOSSARY.

MoMASs^ Maummass^ or Maulmass^ a mass of
kneaded dough for instance^ not of the clean-
liest hue. " A dainty-looking momass,^^ said
ironically of anything eatable^ evincing a
questionable purity. See Maum,

MoNEYFAWD, perhaps Moneyfold, a purse. The
countryman's term for a cow's stomach. " She
was hard in her moneyfawd," when, on open*
ing the animal, the food in that organ has
been found in a state of congestion.

Money nor Marvels, Brass nor Benediction.
People are oft heard asserting that they possess
none of these things. Marvels may here,
probably, mean miracles, or rather the power
of obtaining money by any miraculous means.
See Cross nor Coin.

Moor, the heathy wilderness which borders this
neighbourhood. " It is a bare moor that he
gans ower and gathers nought,'' it is a barren
affair indeed, if he cannot extract a profit
from it.

Moor-end or Moor-edgb manners^ our rustic
manners contrasted with town refinements.

Moor'd up, covered tip as with snow. " The fire
is over much moor'd up," over-heaped, so as
to prevent its burning; lumber'd up.

MooRN, morning.

To MooRN, to-morrow. " I'll see thee to moorn.'^

To MooRN 't MOORN, or To MooRN 't MOORNIN6, to-
morrow morning.

To MooRN 't jfEiGHT, to-morrow night.

To Moot out, to break out into holes, as old cloth
worn thin.

Mooter or Multure, that which is taken as toll
by the miller for grinding the com.

6LOSSABY. 113

MoozT-FACED^ downy-chiniied^ previous to the

stiffness of the beard.
Mortal. '^ He was fairly mortal/^ dead drunk.
MosTLiNGs^ for the most part. " It 's mostKngs

rainy now-a-days^ I think.^^
MouDiHiLLs^ molehills.
MouDiwARP, the mole or mole-rat.
To MouNOE {g soft), to chew, to appear to be eating

or " mounging.^'
MoY, demure, close or unsocial.
MozED, mossed over as. a pond overgrown with

aquatics. See Sloke,
Mttck, dirt. Rain and snow is commonly so

called. '* It hovers for muck," it threatens

a change. " Mucky,'' foul, mean.
Muck'd out. " Get the stable muck'd out," the

litter removed, cleaned out.
MucKiNO ABOUT, swccpiug up or cleaning out an

apartment.
MucKiNGER {g soft) a pocket-handkerchief. A

'^ muck clout" or linen duster.
MucK-juBY, a jury assembled on the subject of

public nuisances.
MucKMENTs, dirty things of all sorts, trash.
MucK-MTBDEN, the manuTc-heap, the dust-hole.
MucK-TBouoH, the stomach which receives every

thing a depraved appetite puts into it.
Mud, might. " You mud hae tummePd," you

might have &llen.
Muggy, hazy, damp, and cloudy. " Thick muggy

weather."
To Mump, to strike the face of another with the

clinched fist, as we oft hear the threatening of

" a mump'd mouth." Also, to chew.

10 §

114 QLOSSARY*

MuN^ must. " Gan thou mun/' go you must^ or

you must go.
MuNNOt, must not. " Thou munnot gang/^ yon

must not go. Oft slurred into '^ maunt.'^
Murk or Mirk, dark^ black. "Pit murk/^ as

dark as a pit or a dungeon. " Murk night/^

midnight.
To MuRL^ to moulder with the hand as bread, or

dry clots of earth.
Mush, any thing decayed to a state of powder, as

rotten wood. " It all fell away into mush.^^
To Mush, to crumble, to moulder.
My song ! an asseveration — By my word or decla-
ration. " My song ! if you don-t behave you

shall all be whipped/^

N.

NAB, a rocky projection from the land into the
sea, as Saltwick Nab," " Cober Nab." A
high rocky inland hill is also called " a nab.'^
A Nack-reel, a wooden wheel about two feet in
diameter, pivoted longitudinally against a
perpendicular stem, and with a projection of
rim sufficient to admit several skeins of yarn
thread on to its circumference, in order to be
wound off for weaving purposes. After the
winder, who sat before it, had made the wheel
to turn for some time in forming his clue, the
reel emitted a stroke with its nad^ or hammer,
and the operator looking at the figured index
on the top of the wheel-post, with its clock-
like pointer, which was adjusted to the ma-
chine's revolutions, then knew the e}cact
quantity of line he had so far wound. A
nack-reel, and the spinning-wheels of our

OLOSSABY< lis

iiidiistriotis grandmothers, are now ooly to be
met with, worm-eaten and disjointed, in the
lumber rooms of old-fashioned houses.

Naff, the nave or centre block of a wheel. Also
the naveL

Naff&ead, blockhead.

To Naffle, to trifle. " He goes na£9ing and
shaffling about,'^ trifling from place to place,
gossiping. See To Shuffle.

Nanpie, the magpie.

To Naf. See To Knap.

A Nap. See Knap,

Nappbry ware, crockery or china ware.

Nappy, ill-natured, testy. "As nappy and as
nasty as you please," short or ill-tempered to
an extreme.

Nattering or Nattbry, fretful ; as one " always
fishing in troubled waters." " Genning and
nattering the day tiv an end," grumbling the
day through* See To Oen.

To Nattlb, as the light rattling noise in the
wainscot from a mouse. " Hark, how it
nattles 1"

Nattles, glands or kernels in fat meat.

A Naup or Norp, a blow ; a knock over the head
with a knobstick. " Naup him." " A good
nauping," a cudgelling.

Nay. See Neeah.

Nay-say. " I should like to have the first nay-
say of thQ bargain," the opportunity of reject-
ing or of buying the concern, as I may feel
disposed at the time of the sale.

Nazk'd, slightly drunk, or as it is said, " A little
in the sun."

116 GLOSSARY.

Nazznowl or Nazzknoll^ a stupid fellow. " You
aud nazznowl V^

Nazzy, stupified^ intoxicated.

Nbaf or Neave, the fist. ^'A blow with the
double neaf.'^

Neap-ful, handfiil. '^ Beeath neaves tv3l" double
handfuls.

Nbavill^d or Nevilled, pummelled with the fist.
^' A good nevilling.^'

Neb, the beak of a bird; also, ludicrously, the
nose on the human face. " Do not poke your
neb into other folk's porridge/' do not pry
into other people's affairs.

Neckabout or Neckingeb {g soft) a neck-hand-
kerchief.

Neban sheea, an assertion of contradiction — she
is not as you say respecting her. *' Nay, nay,
neeaii sheea, neean sheea," not she, not she.

Nbeah or Nay, no. '^I's a bad sayer o' nay
when like 's i' f road." I feel it difficult to
refuse when my liking or inclinations are in
the way,

Ne'er-do-weel, one who never does well, as a
person unfortnnate from ill-habits. An ex-
pression as prevalent here as in Scotland.

Nebst, next. ''What neest?" the querjr. What
comes next?

To Neeze, to sneeze.

A Nebzing-bout, a fit of sneezing.

Ness, a prominent part of the coast.

Nether'd, chilled, perished with inclemency from
nakedness.

Nethering. " Starving and nethering," pining
and shivering with cold.

GLOSSARY. 117

Neuk^ an angle of a fields a comer in general.
" You mun get it at t^ neuk shop/' you must
buy it at the corner shop. " Put it i' t' poke
neuk/' put it into the bottom or corner of the
bag.

The Neukin^ the chimney corner^ or rather the
comers on both sides of the fire-place in old-
fashioned country houses^ where the fire is
kindled on the hearth^ and a bank or beam
for the mantel-piece overarches it the entire
width of the room. Within this expansive
recess^ a seat of stone^ or a settle of wood^
appears on both hands ; or if there is only
sitting convenience on one side^ on the other,
the squab or couch for repose is pushed up to
the wall, against which the fire of turf and
brushwood blazes with enlivening cheer. The
neukin here is the rustic Englishman's fire-
side, where the family assemble on a winter's
night, when the snow falls, and the wind
beats, and the tale is related of the strange
doings in that neighbourhood in former times,
or ot the ghost that was known to walk when
the grandmother of the group was a girl;
filling the heads, both small and great, with
fear, and their countenances with amazement.
The neukin is also the genial spot for the
sickly and infirm of " fourscoore and mair,"
who is borne to it every morning from an
adjoining apartment, and whose circle of ob-
servation is now limited to the mere move-
ments of the household, throughout the ^^ lang
weary day."

Nevill'd. See NeavilPd,

118 GLOSSARY.

New-Yeab's-Day. In connexion with Christmas
customs^ the Frumity supper is repeated on
New-Year's-Eve, but the concomitant cere-
monies are less scrupulously observed. There
is however^ '^no diminution of the early salu-
tations on New-Year's-Moming^ the boys
being as clamorous as before in wishing their
neighbours a happy New-Year. The entrance
of a woman in the morning of New-Year's-
Day^ is as unlucky as that of Christmas ; and
on both days it is exceedingly dangerous to
give a light out of the house, and even to
throw out the ashes or sweep out the dust.'^

NiCKEBiNO, neighing as a horse.

NiFFEBiNo or Niggling, making a bargain in a
hard or haggling manner; paying reluc-
tantly. See Toffer.

Nippy Napfy, trifling, as to the way of proceeding
in a matter. ''A niffjr naflfy sort of a body/'
a person possessed of the opposite to business
habits.

NiPLiNG (i long) trifling. ''You run about
nifling away all your time.''

Niggling. See Niffering,

NiGHT-CBEAKEB or Creak-warner, a watchman's
rattle.

NiLDERNALDERING and SlNTERSAUNTERING, idling

and trifling ; — walking with slow progression
as an aged or palsied person. The terms are
usually heard together as above, and the first
may probably have connection with the
ancient word Nidering which we find was an
expression of opprobrium bestowed by the
Saxons upon their indolent servants or serfs.

OLOSSARY. 119

NiM, nimble.

NiMMiNG, walking at a sprightly or nimble pace.

'^The old lady goes nimming along/^ moves

with agility.
NiMM^D UF^ taken up hastily on the sly^ stolen^

snatched.
Ninny-cocks, young lobsters
Nip-raisin, a stingy retailer, whose caution in not

overweighing his goods to his customers has

risen the remark " of his being a regular nip-

raisin,'^ who will even " cut a raisin in two."
NiF-scREED or Nif-skin, a niggard, one who

infringes on another's dues or borders, as the

term screed implies ; one who '^ cuts beyond

the edge of his own cloth.''
NiwER heed! nevermind!
NoBBiNs, select fleshy bits of salt-fish, which, in

their dried state, are sold by the heap or mea-
sure.
NoBBUT, only, merely. "Her age is nobbut

eighteen.'' Also, in the sense of rather.

"Our bairn's nobbut poorly," rather unwell.
To NoDDER or Noddle, to shake as with palsy in

the head or hands; to tremble with cold.
A NooGiN, a quarter of a pint measure, a Jack.

A small mug.
NoiNTED, ordained or appointed. "A nointed

youth/' a young man apparently destined to,

or determined upon, evil courses.
Noos AND Thans. "Nows and thens," or at

occasional times; every now and then;

intervals.
A No-NATioN SFOT, au odd or out of the way part

of a neighbourhood ; a sort of lawless locality.
NoN. See Anon.

120 GLOSSARY.

NoRP. See Naup.

NoRR or Narr. See Knor or Gnar,

NoTEAOE or NooATAGE, noticc given, publicity.
" This is to ge nooatage," &c.

Notified or Nooatipied, publicly well known,
celebrated. "He was a notified man in his
day,'^ renowned in his lifetime.

A NoTOMizB, a skeleton or atomy. " As thin as
a notomize.^'

Nought or Nowt, nothing. " Nowt o* t^ soort/^
nothing of the kind, or the assertion "it was
not so.'' " Nowt sae sure," there is nothing
so certain, — a positive statemant. " He 's a
nowt, you may depend on 't," a good for
nothing fellow, " They always set him down
for a nowt," reckoned him as a cypher."

A Nought o' t' now, a thriftless person, a Ne'er
do weel. Which see ; also To Dow.

A Noughtpenny job, work for which there is no
pay.

Nowt or Neats, cattle or Nowt herd.

To Nudge, to intimate by jogging a near person
with your elbow.

/^AFING, foolish. See Hauving.

^^ Oap-rock'd, fool-born, or mentally weak from
the cradle ; spoiled by early indulgence.

Od-rabit-lit-o' them or Od-rat-'em, an impre-
cation vented by hasty people ; God's wrath
alight on them.

Odsart ! an exclamation of surprise on being
startled. " Odsart what 's aloft ?" O dear
what's the matter. The word with a G pre-
fixed, will convey the literal meaning which is

GLOSSARY. 121

akin to the apostrophe of old times " By the
Sacred Heart V^

Odzounds I " By God^s wounds !^'

Off on ^t^ '^ To-day he^s sadly off on H/' very
much worse.

An Off, one of the off-spring. " He was the off/'
that is^ of such and such a family.

Off and On, changeable, vacillating.

Offaly, inferior as offal. " An offaly-made man,"
badly shaped in person.

To Olden, to begin to look old* "He oldens
fast.''

Onestead, a single farm-house.

Onny-bit-like, tolerable, as for instance, in point
of health. " She shall come if she be onny-
bit-like," that is if " any bit of likeness" or
appearance of amendment takes place, so as to
render her capable of the exertion.

Onnyhow, in any manner, anyhow.

A|j Orf, a lea or watery exudation on a horse's
skin from the application of a sweating blister.

Ob-ling, a stunted or sickly child, Orlings are ill-
thriving young live-stock in general; pro-
bably earlyinffs, or anything premature.

OsKiN, an ox-gang, or ox-gate ; sufficient land for
the pasturage of one animal.

Othergaits, otherwise; by another means, road,
or direction.

Otherkins, different. "He has gone an other-
kins geeat," a different road to the one sup-
posed.

Othersome, others. " An othersome lot," a differ-
ent or separate set. " At othersome times,"
at various times.

Ought. See AughL

11

k '

1

122 QLOSSART.

OuLA. "When they got all they could, it wa^
fare thee well, Oula/^ Of the meaning of the
word we are ignorant, but the expression i»
constantly heard in reference to the ungrateiiil
and self-interested.

Out-end, the vent or outlet of anything; the ont^-
shot or projecting end of a building.

Out-gang or Out-oait, a road from a place, an
outlet. See Gang.

Out-oanoebs, travellers out of a place ; emigrants.

Outing. " A bit of an outing,^^ a short journey or
pleasure-trip.

OuT-o-FETTLE, iU or unwcll ; out of repair.

Outlt, thoroughly, out-and-out.

OuT-THBUST, a push forward or out at the door.
A projection from a building.

OuT-THBUSTEN (pTOu. thrusscn), turned out of
doors; projected or thrown forward.

OwcE, an ox. Owcen, oxen.

OwBB. See To Haver.

OwEB, over. " It ower'd a bit," it ceased a little, —
the rain. See To Hover or Ower.

OwEBANCE, command, oversight. '^She fairly
haes t' owerance ower him,'' she completely
rules him.

OwEB-ANENST, ovcr-agaiust, oj^iosite.

OwEB-GATE, a stepping-style in a field.

OwEBKESsEN, ovcrcast. " It 's owerkessen aboon
head,'' that is, the sky looks dull and cloudy^
See Aboon ?iead.

OwEB-MiCKLE, ovcr-much.

OwEB-MONNEY, ovcr-mauy ; and in the sense of
too strong or over-powerfdl. If a man out-
does another in an argument, he is declared
ower-monney for the vanquished. If a perscH»

GLOSSARY. 123

dies of an illness^ it has proved ower-monney
for his constitution. If any species of food
disagrees with an individual^ it was sadly
ower-monney for his stomach. Death at last
proves ower-monney for us all.

OwEB-NicE^ too dainty in eatings fastidious in
accommodation; also modesty backward.
•^ Now you munnot be shy and ower-nice, but
mak a lang airm to what you like best;^' —
you must not be backward in partaking of
what is before you, but reach to what you
choose, without ceremony.

OwEE-sBT, over-done, fatigued. Upset or over-
turned. ^' Ower-setten.^'

OwEB t' Moor, an expression constantly heard with
reference to the towns across the moor, or
above twenty miles from Whitby in every
landward direction, viz. Ouisborough, Picker-
ing, Scarborough, and their neighbourhoods.
'^ She was an ower t^ moor body ;^' or, " They
cam frae some o' t'ower t^ moor spots/^ came
from some of the adjacent places above alluded
to. See Moor.

OwEB t' way. " I gav him ower t^ way wi' it."
I came across him with a reproof. See to

mte.

OwEB-WELTED, to fall or welter over. A sheep
which gets laid upon its back in a gutter or
hollow, and cannot get up again, is said to have
got an ower welt.

To OwzE, to ladle or bale out water. " Owze
away I" Pour away.

Ox Gang. See Oskin.

OxTEB, the arm-pit.

124 GLOSSARY.

P.

T>ACKMAN, a pedler, one who carries wares for

. sale in a pack.

Packrag-day, the day after Martinmas-day, the
time when servants change their places, and
consequently have to pack up their clothes.

A Paddy Noddy, a " cock and bull story/' silly
matter for gossip. "A lang paddy noddy
about nought," a long tale about nothing.

Papty, pert ; given to saucy answers, as servants to
mistresses. " She has grown over pafty for
her place.''

To Palm or Pawm, to climb, to ascend progressively
by the use of the hands and feet, as a monkey
" palming'^ up a pole with its paws and legs.

Palm-cross-day, Palm Sunday.

Palm Crosses, ornamental combinations of small
crosses made of the peeled willow palm, put
together with pins and studded with the blos-
soms. These memorials of the season are
then suspended from the top of the room.

Pally-ully, a child's game of chances with rounded
pieces of broken pot the size of a penny. So
many square divisions are chalk^ upon the
stone pavement, and the pieces, which are
called. pally-ullies, are aimed or impelled into
the squares intended, by a hop on one leg, and
a side shuffle with the same.

To Pan, to frame at working. He pans well or
badly. " How awkward you pan !"

Pan KIN or Water Pankin, a large coarse earthen
jar. ^^ A pankin pot." "A pankin dish," a
large deep dish or bowl of coarse brown ware.

Pannel, a soft pack-saddle, a pad.

GLOSSARY. 125

Pantry^ a bread closet^ or rather a closet where
provisions in general are kept^ sometimes
called the battery. ^^Lots o^ bairns and a
toom pantry are two bad things/' a large
family and an empty cupboard are serious mat*
^ters. See Toom.

Paradises^ small square sugar balls resembling
kisses (which see)^ but more transparent from
being made with boiled lump sugar instead of
the soft^ and flavoured with essence of lemon.

Parlt7s^ dangerous^ perilous, ** He looks a parlus
kind of a body/' a fearful or suspicious look-
ing fellow. " It's parlus walking/' slippery
from the ice. "It's parlus kind o' stuff/'
poison.

Pars-lit-on't ! an ill wish. May a pox (or sore
boils) light on it !

Parzlino^ sauntering and prying about as an indo-
lent person. " He gans parzling about frae
moorn tae neet."

Pash, rottenness. " As rotten as pash."

A Pash, a crash.

To Pash, to smash. ''They pash'd the door
down." "Pash your way in amang 'em/'
make your way into the crowd.

Past, a word here of varied application. To be
past one's meals is to have no inclination for
food. "Past working," worn out or unfit
for labour. " Past all biding," a matter be-
yond endurance. " Putten past a preean," a
facetious expression of being so far aggrieved
or sickened on the subject, that the delicacy
of a prune or plum can hardly restore equa-
nimity.

Pate orPEEAT, the head, the scalp.

11 §

126 GLOSSARY.

Patter'd, as snow is flattened with the feet.

Patterments or Patterings, footprints, footsteps.

Paul Jones, a piratical outlaw, the notorious terror
of this locality about the year 1779. With a
commission from America, to which we then
stood opposed, he had disperse our home-
bound Baltic fleet, and captured the ship of
war convoying it, after a sharp engagement.
He also threatened to plunder the ports on
the northern coast where Whitby is situated;
and we have heard it said, he had an especial
eye to the place on account of its then increas-
ing wealth. Great was the consternation
among the inhabitants, the most part of whom
had no alternative in case of PauPs attack
upon the town, but of leaving the houses to
their fate, and running up into the country
for safety. Females kept money sewed in
their stays and petticoat hems, and other valu-
ables were secreted about the person, so as to
be ready for a start at a moment^s alarm ; and
many are living who remember the secretion
in those days of plate in holes dug in cellars
and similar places. The rumoured invasion
of this country by Bonaparte seems to have
produced the same sort of fearful sensation.

Pawk, impertinence. "They hae sadly ower
mickle pawk for their spot,'' as people too in-
dependent for the station they fill.

Pawky, forward, impudent. "As pawky as a
pyet," as prying as a magpie.

Pazed, as a fast lock is eased open by means of a
chisel. " Paze it open, the lock is blimder'd."

Pea-hulls, the shells of green peas. See Swads.

Pearching, cold to a degree of intensity.

OLOSSARY, 127

Peascods, green peas in the shells.

A Pea-scalding, or a Peascod Feast, a green pea
feast, well-known in the country. The peas
with the shells on are scalded or steamed,
then put into a large bowl set in the centre of
a table, round which the company assemble.
A cup containing butter and salt is placed to
melt in the hot heap, into which each one
dips his peascod, which is stripped of its peas
by the pressure of the mouth when with-
drawing it.

Peascod Swads, the shells or hulls of green peas.

To Pbpf, to cough short and faintly. " A bit of a
peffing cough."

Pelt, skin. " Horns, tail, and pelt."

Penny-hedge, the hedge of wickerwork annually
set up in Whitby harbour on Ascension-day,
by the owners of certain lands in the neigh-
bourhood, who are bound as a penance to con-
tinue the custom, or else forfeit them to the
Lord of the Manor, who is the representative
in feudal matters of the ancient Abbots of the
place, in whose days the observance originated.
The following abstract from the document
cited in Young's History of Whitby, furnishes
the particulars of the narrative . — " In the
reign of King Henry the Second, William de
Bruce, Lord of Ugglebarnby, and Ealph de
Percy, Lord of Sneaton, with Allatson, a
freeholder of Fylingdales, did, on the 16th of
October, 1159, meet to hunt in the woods of
Eskdaleside, where having found a great wild
boar, the hounds ran him very well near about
the chapel, where dwelt a monk of Whitby,
who was an hermit. The boar being sorely

128 GLOSSARY.

wounded took in at the chapel door^ laid him
down^ and presently died. The hermit shut
the hounds forth of the chapel^ and kept him-
self within at his prayers^ the hounds stand-
ing at bay without. The gentlemen called to
the hermit to open the door, when they found
the boar lying dead within; and being in
great fury because they were put oflf their
game, they did violently run at the holy man
with their boar staves, whereby he shortly
died. Thereupon the hunters perceiving they
were in peril, took sanctuary at Scarborough,
but the Abbot of Whitby being in great favor
with the King, got them removed, whence
they became liable to the severity of the law,
which was death for death. The hermit in
sired him to summon his murderers. ' I am
his last moments sent for the abbot, and de-
sure,' said he, 'to die of those wounds.'
The abbot answered, 'They shall die for thee.'
But the hermit said, ' Not so, for I freely for-
give them my death if they be content to be
enjoined this penance for the safeguard of
their souls.' The gentlemen being present
bid him enjoin what he would, so that he
saved their lives. Then said the hermit, ' You
and yours shall hold your lands of the Abbot
of T?hi% and his suUsors in this manner.
That upon Ascension-day, you, or some of
you, shall come to the wood in Eskdaleside at
sunrise, and there shall the officer blow his
horn that you may know how to find him ;
and be shall deliver unto you, William de
Bruce, ten stakes, eleven strut stowers, and
eleven yedders, to be cut by you with a knife

GLOSSARY. 129

of one penny price; and yon, Ralph de Percy,
shall take twenty-one of each sort to be cnt in
the same manner; and you, Allatson, shall
take nine of each sort, to be cut as aforesaid,
which you shall bear on your backs to the
town of Whitby, where you must be before
nine of the clock on the day beforementioned,
when you shall set your stakes at the brim of
the water, each a yard apart, and so yedder
them with your yedders, and so stake them
with your strut stowers, that they may stand
three tides without removing by the force
thereof. Thus shall ye do at that very hour
every year, except it be then full sea, in which
case if it so happen, this service shall cease.
And that you may the better call to God for
repentance, and find mercy, and do good
works, the officer of Eskdaleside shall blow
his horn, ' Out on you, out on you, out on
you, for the heinous crime of you.^ And if
you or your successors do neglect this injunc-
tion so long as it shall not be full sea at the
hour aforenamed, you and yours shall forfeit
your lands to the Abbot of Whitby or his
successors. All this they promised to fulfil.
Then said the hermit, ^ My soul longeth for
the Lord, and 1 do as freely forgive these men
my death as Christ forgave the thief upon the
cross/ In manus tuas Domine commendo
spiritum meum, a vinculis enim mortis, rede-
misti me Domine veritatis. Amen. And so he
yielded up the ghost, the 18th day of Decem-
ber, upon whose soul God have mercy. Amen.''
See Strut Stowers. Also to Yedder or Yether.
Pepper-cake, gingerbread. Great is the con-

130 GLOSSARY.

sumption of this article from its forming not
only a prominent item in the popular keeping
. of Christmas^ but also the fare at births and
christenings ; consignments formerly arriving
periodically by shipping from London in num-
bers of tons. The manufacture of it is now
extensively carried on in the town, and*^Whitby
gingerbread^^ has gained as great a reputation
in the vicinity as " York muflSns/'

Ferceivance, perception, notion. " I had no per-
ceivance about it,^^ knew nothing of the
matter.

A Perishment, a severe cold. See Deazement.

To Pettle, to ding to the mother's bosom as a
young child. See to Clog.

To Pick, to push or shove, to pitch. "They
picked me down.''

To Pick at, to quarrel with, to insult.

To Pick up, to vomit or pitch up.

To Pickle (the i long), to eat or pick but a small
quantity at a time, as sickly cattle are said
only to pickle a bit out of the hand at once.

To Pie or Pye, to pry, to peep. "A pieing sort o'
body,'' an inquisitive kind of a person.

PiET or Pyet, the magpie.

To PiFLB (the i long), to pilfer.

To Pike, to pick or take up, to gather.

Pillow-slip, a pillow case.

PiNNYSHow, a child's peep-show. An elegant room
is oft said to be as " handsome as a pinny-
show."

To Pit, to put in opposition to each other, as a
couple of dogs to fight. "They were well
pitted," equally matched. " They are always
pitting at one another," quarrelling.

GLOSSARY. 131

PiT-MURK. See Murk.

To Plain, to complain. " They are always plain-
ing poverty/^ complaining of being poor. "A
good plainer/' a good beggar. "Plaint/'
complaint.

Plash, to splash.

To Plenish, to fUmish, to fill.

Plenishing, household furniture, stock in general.
'^ She has brass tiv her fortune, and lots o'
plenishing,'' both money and stuff.

To Pload or Plods, to plunge as it were with
energy into a pursuit. To wade amongst mud
or water.

A Ploadeb, a hard-working or pentevering person.
"A ploader after pelf," a striver after gain."

To Plodge, to plunge Up and down in water with
the feet.

To Ploat, to pluck the feathers off a fowl. Also,
in the sense of robbery, " They ploated the
house from top to bottom." "They'll ploat
him," fleece him.

Plooks, small scabs or blotches. " Plooky faced,"
spotted or pimpled.

Plosh, puddle. "A ploshy spot," a miry place, a
puddle-hole. '^ It's ploshy walking," as the
roads in a thaw.

To Plosh, to walk through wet and mire, through
" thick and thin" in " ploshy weather."

Plupe Stots or Plough Stots. On Plough Mon-
day, the first Monday after Twelfth-day, and
the days following, there is a procession of
rustic youths dragging a plough, who, "as
they officiate for oxen," says Dr. Young, " are
called Plough Stots. They are dressed with
their shirts over the outsides of their jackets^

132 GLOSSARY.

with sashes of ribbons fixed across their breasts
and backs^ and knots or roses of the same
fastened on to their shirts and hats/^ They
are generally accompanied with a band of
sword dancers, while one or more musicians
play the fiddle or flute. When the dancers
perform their evolutions, the Madgies or
Madgy Pegs, grotesquely attired, and oft with
their faces blacked and heads horned, go about
for contributions, rattling their tin canisters as
money boxes. In this way they proceed from
place to place for miles around ; and after-
wards the money collected is spent in festivi-
ties with their friends and sweethearts. See
Stot, also Madgipeg.

Pluther or Plutherment, the thick filthy water
of a drain.

Pluthery, ^' The roads are very pluthery,^' miry.

To PoAT or Pote, to push slightly at any thing with
a stick or the hand. Also to point the ground,
as the phrase is, with a stick in walking.
'' He now gans poating about with a stick,*'
uses a walking stick.

PocK-ARR^D, marked with the small-pox.

A Podge, a fat dirty person. " A mucky podge.

PoiT, particle. See Moit.

Poke-blown, distended at the stomach, out of
breath.

A PoKEFUL, a bag full.

Poke-purse, the farmer^s square bag-purse, gene-
rally of brown-hoUand linen, drawn at the
mouth with a string, and large enough to
admit the hand. It is often made in two
divisions, for the gold and silver.

yf

GLOSSAKY. 133

Popple, the wild red poppy of the com fields. See
Sleean.

PoRR, the fire-poker. See Fire-porr,

Porringer (g soft), a coarse earthen pipkin, with
a loop handle at the side. A nobleman, it is
said, once laid a wager with a verse maker,
that he could not find a rhyme to this singular
word. The wit accepted the bet, and shortly
afterwards claimed it for what follows : —

The Duke of York a daughter had.
He gave the Prince of Orange her ;

j&nd now, my lord, I claim the priase
For finding rhyme to Porringer.

PoRRiwiGGLEs, tadpolcs and other tortuous animaU
cula in water.

To Poss. See Posskit.

PossKiT, a large tub or barrel in which linen is
*^possed'' in hot water. The operation of
possing, to save hand labour, is performed by
means of a staff with a thick knob at the
immersed end, and a cross piece for a handle
at the top, which is worked through a hole in
the lid, in the way of a pestle and mortar.

PosTHousE, the post-oflSce.

Post and Pan, old half-timber buildings ; the posts
being the framing, and the pan the flat sur-
face or plastering with which the framing is
filled up.

Pot blossoms, spots on the face from intemperance )
called also by the sailors grog blossoms.

PotheRments, perplexities, troubles.

Pot KELPS, the loose bow or handle of a porridge-
pot. See Kelps,

Pot-lug, the handle of a jug ; also the two loops

12

134 GLOSSARY.

at the sides of the iron porridge-pot where the'
bow attaches, are called the pot-lugs.

PoT-siTTEN, set or burnt to the bottom ; overdone
by too much boiling or cooking. See Fire^
fanned.

PoTTBEiNG, fumbling, awkward, slow. "A pot-
tering kind of a job.''

Pow, the human head.

To Pow, to walk awkwardly or crooked with the
feet. See To Cow and Pow,

A Power o' Good, an immense deal of good, " I
took it, and it did me a power o' good.''

Post, a bunch of flowers, a nosegay.

Pratty weel, pretty well, in fair health.

A Preachment, a discourse or speech, a sermon.
" A weary preachment," a tiresome narration.

Prick-a-back urchin, the prickly hedge-hog.

Princod, a pincushion.

Prod, an iron point at the end of a stick. ^^ An ox
prod," an ox goad.

To RioD, to poke or prick with a point. '^ He's
prodding me."

To Piu)DDLE, to poke into a hole with a stick, as if
searching for anything lost. To trifle.

Propped up. '^ He was only a propped-up body,"
a person of delicate health, kept alive, as it
were, by the use of every salutary precaution
and support.

Prosferation, good condition, prosperity.

Pross, gossiping talk. " We met and had a bit o'
pross."

Proven, provender or provisions. " 'Tis a proud
horse that wont carry its own proven," they
are proud indeed who are above helping them-
selves to their own subsistence.

GLOSSARY. 135

FuBBLE^ plump. ^'As pubble as a partridge/^ broad-
breasted, stout.

Pudding-link'j), intertwined or obstructed in the
bowels.

Pulls, the shells or chaff of rape and other pulse.

PuLSBT, a poultice for a sore place. '^ A pulsey o'
white bread and swine saim/' a common
poultice with a little hogslard to prevent it
hardening.

PuNDSTON or PuNDSTONB, a natural stone or pebble
of the requisite weight, by which farmers
formerly portioned their butter into pounds of
twenty-two ounces or " the lang pund,'' the
standard weight now being only sixteen ounces.
We have heard old people say, that in their
younger days, butter of the larger weight was
sold in Whitby market at fourpence a pound ;
and it once having advanced to sixpence,
ruination was the cry, and the careful ones
forebore their usual purchases I Shambles
meat, " when the old butter pundston was in
vogue,^' was then sold " by weight of hand,^'
not as now by the scale, the quantity being
adjudged " by the Uft.^'

Purely, an answer to the inquiry, ''How axe
you?" " Purely, thank you," pretty well.

PuTTBN, put. '' She is bravely putten on," well
dressed. " Putten off," undressed.

Putten on, imposed upon. Oppressed.

Putten off, killed. " Get it putten off," that is,
the animal — the mad dog.

PuzzoM, poison. ''I want summat to puzzam
rattens wi%" something to poison rats with.

PuzzoMFUL, poisonous, and in the sense of extreme
uncleimliness. '' The house was parfitly puz-
zomful," perfectly or thoroughly filthy.

136 GLOSSARY.

PuzzoMOUS, poisonous.

Pyet, a magpie. '' A pawky young pyet,'' a saucy
young person.

Q,

To QUART, to thwart; to '^ quart and twist/'
^ to disagree.

Quicksilver or Wicksilver-belt, a girth for the
waist, worn as a preventive of the itch. Many
in the neighbourhood profess to be adepts in
the manufacture; and one ounce of quick-
silver is the quantity for two belts, after being
mixed or killed, as it is termed, with the white
of an egg, in a mortar or a basin, and then
spread on a long narrow strip of flannel, which
is stitched into a leathern casing.

R.

To T> ABBLE, to read quickly or at random.
•*-^ Rabble-rote, a roundabout story. ''A
gabbering.^' See Gab,

Rabble-rout, a commotion of disorderly people.

Rabblement, a long random discourse.

To Raddle, to beat with a stick. '^ Raddle his
bones for him.'^ " Give him a good raddling."

Rapf, low or disreputable people. " Riflf-raff."

To Raffle, to dissipate in the way of intempe-
rance. Also to talk confusedly. ^' He is
beginning to raffle," to lose hi& memory, to
become imbecile.

Raffled, confused, perplexed. '^The books were
in a raffled state," as disorderly accounts.
Knotted or entangled.

Rafflepack. '^ A raffle pack lot," low vagrantly
people.

Rafflino, riotous, dissipated. ^' A raffling crew."

GLOSSARY. 137

Raoabash^ Ragaly^ beggarly^ untidy. " They are
all ragabash.^' '^ A ragaly squad.^'

Bagil^ a vagrant^ a ragamuffin. '^ A sad ragil/^ a
very loose fellow.

Bagrowtering^ playing at romps; a shaking or
tearing of the clothes in roystering.

Bag-river (i long), a tomboy, a roysterer. See
Tearback.

Bagwells, certain springs in the neighbourhood,
held sacred in former days for curing diseases.
If the sick person^s shirt or shift thrown into
the well, happened to float, he would get
better, but if it sunk he would die. Bags
from the garments of those who recovered,
were torn off and hung up as offerings to the
patron saint of the well; hence the term.

Baitch, a white line down a horse^s face.

A Bakafelt, a fast Hver, or dissolute person.

Bam, foetid, rancid, or rank.

Bamscallion, a dirty person of disagreeable con-
tact. See ScaUion.

Bamshackle, of variable habits; one whom you
cannot confine to any particular pursuit, or
on whom you have no dependence. " A ram-
shackle in and out sort of a body.^^

A Bannak, a rake or spendthrift. ^' He was a sad
rannak.^^

Bandan, the unsteady courses of intemperance.
" He was half drunk already this morning ; he
intends to be upon the randan for the day.'^

Bannel bauk or Bandle perch. See Gaily bank
or Reckon bauk,

Banty, excited, mad, passionate.

A Baffer, a street-door knocker. See Knapper.

To Bap and Bee or Beeve, to cater after or obtain

12 §

138 GLOSSARY.

an advantage for your own or your favourite^
benefit ; literally to acquire by rapine and vio-
lence. ''They rappM and reeM for him all
that they could lay their hands on/' availed
themselves practically of every thing they
could compass in his behalf. This remark is
oft heard as applied to a fond parent who tries
to enrich in particular a favourite child above
the rest of the family.

Baps^ news. ''What raps? See Clashes.

Ratten, a rat. " A ratten trap."

Raw-gobb'd, coarse-mouthed, uncouth in speech
as an unlettered rustic.

Bawk. See Roke.

To Rax, to stretch or violently extend. " Riving
and raxing like a sailor at a rope.''

A Rax, a sprain or forcible twist of a limb, " I
stauter'd and gat a sair rax," stumbled and
got a sad sprain.

Razzled, slightly broiled. " The meat was only
razzled," only half roasted, underdone.

Reckling or Rackling, the last young one of a
litter ; an underling whose frame is often dis-
torted from weakness ; a rickety child.

The Reckon, an iron crane for the pot hooks,
which will swing over the fire in any direc-
tion, in place of the stationary bar across the
chimney, called the Rannel bank, already de-
scribed. A person is told " he may ring the
reckon" when any long-delayed or unexpected
good fortune has befallen him ; a species of
tintinabulism effected by reiterated strokes of
the poker upon it by way of a clapper !

Reckon bauk. See Gallybauk,

Reckon crooks, the pot hooks^

GLOSSARY. 139

To Redd up, to set to rights, to adjust in all
senses.

To Beeam or Roam, to extend the voice, to shout.
"He cannot hear you except you reeam intiv
his ear/'

Reeano^d, the flesh risen or discoloured in stripes
or '^ reeangs^' from the strokes of a switch or
a whip. Also reeang'd with dirt, as with
soiled finger marks down the face.

Reek, smoke. Reeky, smoky.

Reet an end. See Right an end.

A Reetino or Righting, a combing or straighten-
ing of the hair with "a reeting keeam." Also
a cleansing of the house, " a tidying up,'' or
*' reeting up.'' See to Right up.

Reeted out, combed. "Get your hair reeted
out."

A Reeting keeam, a large wide-toothed comb
with which women right or adjust their long
hair. Also a pocket comb for smoothing the
hair merely, as distinct from the small-tooth
comb.

Reist, restiveness, stubbornness. " It took reist,"
an immanageable fit, which a horse will some-
times manifest.

Reisty, rancid, rusty. " Reisty bacon."

To Remmon, to remove, "Remmon yourself,"
get out of the way. " They have remmon'd
into another spot," removed into another
quarter.

To Render, to melt over the fire, as pig's fat in
the leaf is rendered into hog's lard or saim.

Render'd pat, cook's dripping.

Renderments, fats of all sorts melted into a mass;
taUow*

140 QLossABr.

B.£NKY^ tall and athletic.

Beshes^ the wire rush, the seaves of the moors and

wastes.
Rezzle^ the weasel.

Bide, to *' let ride/^ to let fly, or discharge with
force, to shoot from a gun. '^ I let ride at it,''
I shot at it.

BiFE, ready, fluent. " Bife for a row,'' ready for a
riot. " Come be rife and let 's be oflF," make
haste and let us be going.

To BiFT, to belch.

Bio, a ridge or edge, the back, or rather the back-
bone.

BioG, a ridge of land, a long narrow hill.

The Biggin, the rafters which form the roof of the
house.

The Biggin tree, the long wooden spar forming
the ridge of the roof, against which the rafters
lean. ^^ The man astride the riggin tree,'' the
person who holds a mortgage on the premises.

To Bight up, to put into order as accounts ; to
chastise. " I'll right ye all up, if you don't be-
have." Also to adjust an apartment, to clean.

Bight an End, straightforward, direct. " It lies
reet an end before you." " He is now mend-
ing of his ailment reet an end," going on
prosperously.

To Binge (g soft), to whine as a dog, " To ringe
and twist," to complain.

A Binge, a twist of a limb or a joint, a sprain.

To BiFFLE, to scratch slightly as with a pin upon
the skin.

To BivE, to tear, to rend or pull asunder*

To BivE swARTH. " Hc was fit to rive swarth,"
to tear up the ground with vexation, as an

0L0S8ART. * 141

enraged animal kicks up the sward or grass
with its feet.

BoBiN Hood's Pillars^ two rude stones^ between
three and four feet high^ a mile to the south
of Whitby Abbey, which tradition asserts as
marking the places where the arrows of Robin
Hood and his mate Little John fell, on a trial
of axchery from the top of the abbey, after
they had dined with the abbot. They are in
separate fields, which are still called Robin
Hood and Little John^s closes ; but John out-
shot his master by a distance of one hundred
feet, according to the position of the pillar
assigned as his. Robin Hood, or Robert Earl
of Huntingdon, of whose exploits, at the head
of his merry outlaws, all the world has heard,
died in 1274. He is said to have been the
founder of" Robin Hood's Bay," near Whitby.
One day, standing on the top of Swarthoue,
the highest tumulus in our vicinity, he resolved
to build a town where his arrow should alight,'
which he then shot towards the coast where
the maritime place above named, with its
1200 inhabitants, is now situated, although
the distance direct across the country from
Swarthoue is at least six miles 1 A couple of
tumuli near the Bay are called " Robin
Hood's Butts," at which, it is stated, he exer*
cised his men in archery.

To Roil, to play the romps, to rollic.

RoKE or Rawk, fog. " Thick roky weather," a
damp misty atmosphere.

Roll. See Wreeath or Wreath.

Roll, Eoo, and Salt. It is the custom here to
present on infant, when it is first carried into

142 GLOSSARY.

a neighbour's house^ with a roll^ an egg, and
a little salt. Whether there is anything mys-
tical in this alimentary combination^ or
whether it is merely a substantial way of
evincing good wishes towards the little stranger
on its first appearance abroad^ we are unable
to state ; all we can learn is^ that it is one of
those practices handed down from former
times, and it would be deemed unlucky to the
infant if it was allowed to go away without
its gifts. It is usual to put the salt in paper,
and pin it to the child's clothes.

RoLL-EoG Day, See TrolUEgg Day,

To Book, to pile turves or peats in " stacklets " or
small stacks on the moors to dry, before they
are led home, for which purpose they are
" rooked'' with air-holes, left to allow a free
passage for the wind.

To BoucE ABOUT, to ruu or chase from place to
place.

To BouGHEN, to make rough ; a farrier's term for
a medicine to roughen or make retentive the
bowels of an animal. The reverse of Slapen,
which see.

BouPY or BooPY, hoarse-voiced. *^ As roupy as a
raven." " Bouped up," closed in the throat,
croaky.

To Bous or Bouter, to turn out the contents of a
room, for instance, for cleaning purposes.
To " rout about," to go from place to place,
or from drawer to drawer, in search of any
thing lost.

A Bouter, a rushing noise of people. '' A street
router." " He jamp up iv a great router," he
started up in a great hurry or fury. The con-

GLOSSARY. 143

fusion incident' to a removal of goods. Also a
stir in the sense of a strict inquiry.

BouTEEtNo TiME^ " thoFough cleaning time/^ the
annual period, generally in spring, well known
to housewives in this quarter, when it is cus-
tomary for every article, from the cellar to
the attic, to undei^o a thorough purgation,
along with every part of the house itself. See
ClowclcLsh.

RoviNo, a weather term. " It ^s roving weather,*'
stormy, violent.

RowEN, torn uprooted. '^Rowen to bits*' or
" Rowen frae together," violently separated,
destroyed.

To Row, " to row and scow,*' to labour vigorously.

RowAN-TBEB, mountain ash or witch wood. A
small piece worn in the pocket will preserve
the person from the influence of the witch !

RowND, the roe of fish. See Kelks,

To RowT, to low or bellow as cattle.

RowTY, rank, overgrown. ^' Thick rowty grass,"
rank coarse grass.

To Roy on, to live uproariously or extravagantly.
" They royed on till they came to nought."

Run, a red earth or ochre. " Red rud," used by
farmers for marking sheep.

RuD-sTAKES, stakes to which cattle are fastened in
the bams.

RuE-BAROAiN. A man repents of his purchase,
and offers the seller so much money to take
it back again, which sum is called " the rue
bargain."

RuMBusTiCAL, of a coarsc address; noisy, over-
bearing.

A RuMTioN or RuMPTiON, a riot or eruption. " A

144 GLOSSARY.

bonny row and a rumtion/' a street com"
motion.

RuN-A-couNTEY. *' A run-a-country fellow," a
man of vast pretensions, who goes from place
to place, announcing his waxes or his nos-
trums ; a quack. A stranger who turns out
to be a deceiver, by running away from the
debts he has contracted.

Runnel, a rill or gutter of water. Also a funnel
by which liquids are poured into bottles.

Bunch, wild mustard seed.

Runty, thick, short-set, and red-faced. "A Strang
runty lass," like many of our hardy moor-
bred maidens.

A Rush, a crowd ; also a merry-making is often
spoken of as "the grand rush" that is going
to be held.

RussELL^D, withered as an apple. See DozzerCd.

Ruttings, the entrails of animals, also termed " the
puddings."

To RuTTLE, to breathe with a rattling noise, as an
asthmatic person. To laugh suppressedly.

S.

a ACRAMENT-PIECE, a coin worn round the
^ neck of a person for the cure of epilepsy-
Thirty pence are to be begged of thirty poor
widows. They are then to be carried to the
church minister, for which he is to give the
applicant a half-crown piece from the commu-
nion alms. After being " walked with nine
times up and down the church aisle," the
piece is then to have a hole drilled in it for
suspension by a ribbon ! These widows^ pence

GLOSSARY. 145

may have reference to the widow's mite which

we read of as being so estimable in the eyes

of our Saviour.
Sad, heavy; in the sense of "sad bread/' bread

ill leavened or ill baked. Also, the snow

hardened with walking upon, is said to be

saddened.
Sadly begone, sorely dismayed, woe-stricken.

See Aback.
Sago'd out, bulged out at the side, as a bowing

wall.
Said or Saybd. See Sayed,
Saim or Seam, hogs' lard. See To Render,
Saie or Saiely, sorely, severely. " A sair-miss'd

man," one whose loss is very much felt. "A

sair spot," a sore place, a wound.
Sairy, sickly. " A poor sairy body," a sickly or

diseased person.
To Sam, to curdle milk for making cheese. " Is

the milk samm'd ?"
A Sand-coorn, a grain of sand. " It is not worth

a sand-coorn," valueless.
Sark, a shirt.

Sarkless, without a shirt, naked. See Breeks.
To Sarra or Sarrow, to serve or supply. " Has

thou gitten t' pigs sarrow'd?" fed. "I doubt

I cannot sarra what she wants," fiimish the

article needed.
Sarrowings, " pig sarrowings," slops for the hog

trough.
Saup, yellow, saflFrony. "A seekly sauf leuk," a

wan bilious appearance.
Saumas Loaves, soul mass bread, known in those

parts forty years ago, and eaten on the feast of

All Souls, November 2d. They were sets

13

146 GLOSSARY.

of square fiEtrthing cakes with currants in the
centre, commonly given by bakers to their
customers ; and it was usual to keep them in
the house for good luck. Dr. Young, in his
History of Whitby, mentions a lady as having
one above a hundred years old.

Saut, salt. See Collop.

Sawcum or Sawcome, sawdust.

Sated or Said, advised, or rather ruled by advice.
'' In spite of all I can do, she wont be sayed,"
guided or persuaded by what I say. See Un-
sayable.

ScAFE. "A thoughtless young scafe," a wild
youth.

Scaldeb'd, chafed, blistered, leprous.

ScALDEBiNGs, the bumt cores of limestones, the
surfaces of which peel off in scales or shells.

Scalding ov Peas. See Peascod scalding.

ScALLiBBAT, a youug scold, a passionate or scream-
ing child.

ScALLioNS, leeks, young onions; remarkable for
their quickness of growth. ^' He grows like a
scallion,^' the boy shoots up fast. "As ram
as a scallion,^^ onion scented. See Ram^
scallion.

Scant, scarce, limited, shallow in quantity. " Fse
scant o* brass,^' short of money, poor.

Scab or Scaub, the rocky pavement or shore of
alum shale at the foot of the cliffs southward
of Whitby harbour, which yields the fossil
remains for which the place is so famous.

ScAB-DOGGEBs. " As hard as a scar- dogger .^^
These are globular nodules of hard stone oc-
curring in the alum shale, which are bumt for
Eoman cement. When broken they are of a

GLOSSARY. 147

bluish-grey colour^ but after exposure to the
atmosphere^ become of a deep purple brown.
They frequently contain ammonites and other
petrifactions.

ScABBORouGH-WABNiNo. An cxprcssiou which^from
the contiguity of Scarborough and Whitby,
has, in the latter town, become localised. "If
you do that much longer, I will give you a
Scarborough warning,^' that is, none at all,
but a sudden surprise. The saying, it is said,
alludes to an event in 1557, when Thomas
Stafford took possession of Scarborough Castle,
before the townsmen had the least notice of
his approach.

A Scaring or Scareing, a fear imparted by an
alarming appearance or accident; an affright.

To ScARM or Skime, to squint slightly; more in
the way of knitting the brows than from
obliquity of the eyes.

Scatterbrains, a giddy thoughtless person.

Scaup, the bare skull; also, the stony surfaces
which appear where the soil is very thin.

ScAUPY, rocky; naked as a stony waste.

ScAWD-LiT-ON 't, bu imprecatiou. May scalds or
boils light on it. See Hang-lit-on 'i.

A ScoppERiL, a plug put into an issue or seton
made in the diseased part of an animal to drain
off the humours. Also, a teetotum which'
children play with.

To ScoucE, to chastise by boxing the ears and nip-
ping the neck. " Give him a good scoucing.^^

A Scourging Top, or Scourgy, a boy^s whippiBBg-
top.

A Scow, ScowDER, or Scowderment, a confusion
incident to the preparation for an event ; the

148 GLOSSARY.

household commotion at thorough cleaning
time. See To Row, Also, the din of the
process among a multitude of feeders at the
dinner-table.

To ScRAFFLE, to coutcud in pushing one^s way
through a crowd. *^ I came scraffling my way
through the market/^ shouldering my way
along.

Scran, food. '^ Scran time," meal time.

To ScRAT, to scratch. To labour with hard endea-
vour " to get scratted on in the world,^* or to
obtain the means of subsistence. ^^ They hae
to make a hard scrat for a bit o^ bread.^'

A ScRAT Bezom, a birch broom with the fibres worn
down to the stumps, by which it is more
adapted for scouring the pavement than for
sweeping the dust.

ScRAT, Satan, generally with the prefix— old,^'Aud
Scrat.^'

To ScRAWM, to scribble on paper with a pen, or
smear with paint. Also, to grope with the
hands like a blind person finding his way.

To ScRAWT, to scratch. ^^ He scrawted me."

ScRAWTY, scratchy. ^* A scrawty pen," a pen too
hard.

A Screed, a border or edge of paper, or other flat
surface. " A cap screed." See Coif.

A ScREEDiNO, a scolding match among women^
when the caps and hair of each other are mu-
tually assailed. See Uncoifing.

ScRiBB^D and Libb'd, farmers' terms, or rather
they are used as one word, — castrated.

Scribe or Scrape, inscription, writing. " I never
see the scribe of his pen." I receive nothing
in the shape of a letter from him.

GLOSSARY. 149

Scried^ perceived, discovered. '^I scried it lang
afore I com at it/^ saw what it was before I
got to it.
To ScRiKE, to scream. ^' There was sike scriking
and shouting !" such screaming and bawling,
as in a street commotion. To lament audibly.
Scrimpy or Scrimp'd up, contracted, confined in

dimensions.
ScROGs, shrubs, blackthorn bushes.
To ScRouT OUT, to begin to grow as plants in favour-
able weather. "A fine scrouting time," a
time good for young shoots. Also, with re-
gard to the days lengthening in the spring, it
is said, they are " beginning to scrout out,"
ScRUDG^D or ScROWG^D, crowdcd, crammed up.
Scruff, Scruffments, scum or impurities, scurf;

the rabble. See Keeans.
ScRUFFiN, a long mop for cleaning the bottom of

the baker's oven.
To ScRUFFLE, to shufflc with the hands and feet,

to wrestle or contend.
A ScRUFFLE, a fight, a trial between parties of
their bodily strength. " Scruffled through,"
as the way is made through a crowd, or a
tedious business.
ScRUNSHiNGs, the remains of a feast, the '^crumbs

of the table."
To Scud, to scrape. a dirty floor or pavement with
a spittle, or iron blade fixed across the end of
a staff.
The Scud, the drifting clouds. ''Which way
does the scud fly ?" the question when the di-
rection of the wind is wont to be ascertained.
To ScuG, to hide. " Scug yourselves away," go
and get hid. '' In scuggery," in secrecy.

13 §

150 GLOSSARY.

Scumpish'd, suflPbcated, choked with smoke^ stifled
in a crowd.

To ScuTTEE, to run to waste as a taper in the wind.
" A scuttering candle.^^

Sea Gulls. See Gulls.

Sear nor Sair. " I was aowther seak nor sair
when I said it/* neither sick nor sore, — ^that
is, in no way incapacitated so as to render my
evidence unsound in the matter.

A Seakbning, child-birth.

Seam. See Saim,

Sea-tang. See Tangles, as the name by which
this marine plant is more generally known.

Seatre, a sieve or strainer. '^As thin as a seatre/^
worn into transparency or holes, as cloth
when it grows thin.

Seaves, the small soft rush of the moors, formerly
used by the country people for home-made
candles or rushlights, called also Seave-lights.

Seeave. " Yah seeave^s neeah seeave,** one saving
is no saving ; that is, economy to be efiectual,
should run through the piece.

SEEiNG.GLASs,the old-fashioucd term for a mirror,
formerly a surface of polished metal. We
read that the Abbot of Whitby had in his cham-
ber, a speculum of silver for a looking-glass.

Seg or BuLL-sEG, a castrated bull.

Segg'd, hard and distended, as the diseased udder
of a cow.

Seggrums, ragwort.

Segs, sedges, a kind of rush growing in watery
places.

Semmant, slender. *^ As tall and semmant as a
willow wand." " A smart semmanty body," a
tall and gracefiiUy-formed person, symmetrical.

GLOSSARY. 151

Semmit^ pliable^ supple. '^ As soft and semmit as
as a lady's glove/'

Sen, since.

Sensine or SiNsiNE, since that time. " It is now
getting to look long sensine/' since the occur-
rence of the event alluded to.

To Set, to accompany on the road. '^ I will set
you home.'' " I was setten part of the way."

To Set Aoait, to set agoing, to excite.

Seton or Setter, an issue made near a diseased
part of an animal, from which matter is en-
couraged to run. '^ We took care that she was
weel setter'd," that is the cow. See ScopperiL

Setten on. ^' A little setten on sort of a body,"
dusky visaged, as if set in with dirt.

To Shab in, to slink into a place imobservedly.

To Shab off, to fly from one's word unhandsomely,
or by a lame excuse.

Shabby, a weather term. '^ A wet shabby day."

A Shackbag, a loose trustless fellow.

Shackfore, a wooden fork for lifting straw, gene-
rally made of a forked ozier.

Shackripe, as fruit so ripe that it will fall from
the tree with a touch or shake; rotten ripe.
Also, in the sense of dilapidated, as a wall is
said to be shackripe, or apparently ready to
come down with the first blast.

To Shaffle, to vacillate; to shift about in a trans-
action.

Shaffling, trifling, in the sense of being devoid of
decision in view and practice. Also, as a
person walking with a short quick step is said
to be shaffling in his gait or manner. "A little
shaffling fellow."

Shafment, the measurement or circumference of
the wrist.

152 GLOSSARY.

To Shale^ to scale away by degrees as a laminated

piece of the strata^ layer by layer.
Shale^ the scaly alum rock of this quarter. '' Grey

alum shale.'^ See Alum.
Shandy, crack-brained, shallow, crazy. '^He^s

quite shandy. '^Also, slender in person. "A

spare shandy sort of a figure.'^
Shanknag, one's own legs. " I intend to shank-
nag it,'' to walk the distance.
Shankweary, tired with walking about ; '' leg

weary."
A Sharvb, a slice. " A brave sharve o' bread," a

large slice.
To Shawm, to warm the knees and toes by sitting

with tliem close to the fire. " A good shawm-

ing," a thorough warming.
To Sheal or Shill, to sour milk for curds by the

usual process. " Shill'd/' curdled.
Sheean. See Shoon.
Sheep-cade, the large brown sheep louse.
Shibbins, shoe-bands, shoe-strings or ties.
Shifty, dishonest, not to be depended on.
Shill, cold. ^^ A shill shy wind."
A Shill, a scum, as the oily kind of rising in a

pot of paint.
To Shill, to unhusk, to strip green peas fix>m the

shell.
To Shill. See To Sheal
Shill-corns, small hard blotches, which shale or

scale away by degrees, with little or no sup-
puration.
Shilloting or Shillocking, a species of wide

knitting with wooden needles, practised in

making thread nightcaps.
Shimm'd, spoiled by a slip of the knife or tool in

cutting or shaping.

GLOSSARY. 153

A Shinb or Shindy, a quarrel, a fight. " A bonny
shindy/^ a great commotion.

Shinnoping. See To Jowl.

Shivs, husks of grain and such like particles.

A Shoe-cross, a cross made with your wet finger
upon the shoe-toe, to <;ure the cramp or tlmll
in the foot.

Shogg'd, shaken, as by the jolting of a cart.

To Shoggle, to joggle.

To Sholl or Shurl, to slide as a person down a
declivity, or upon ice.

A Shooler, one who goes a '^ shooling.''

Shooling, intruding, or slipping in, when your
friend and his family are at dinner, because
an invitation to join them would, to yourself,
be very convenient.

Shoon or Sheean, shoes. ^'A pair o' shibbins
to my new sheean.^^ See Shibbins.

To Shoor, to frighten with voice and gesture the
birds from the cornfields, " Shoo, Shoo !"

Shoorts and Owers. '' They were at our house
at all shoorts and owers," both for short times
and over times — or long times ; at all oppor-
tunities and occasions.

The Shoot, looseness of the bowels in cattle.

Shot-ice, a slide or continuous path of hard ice.
" The road is all of a shot ice."

Shot-on, rid of. " I have now gotten fairly shot
on em," quit of them.

Shrove Tuesday, formerly the time of shrift or
confession previous to Lent, which begins the
day following, called Ash Wednesday. The
general custom of a pancake dinner is here
observed ; and after the ringing of the pancake
bell at eleven o^ clock in the forenoon, children

154 GLOSSARY.

and apprentices enter upon a holiday for the

rest of the day.
Shuggyshaw^ a swinging machine at fairs^ termed

in the south a swingswang^ in which people

are exercised in numbers at so much a head.
To Shurl. See SholL
Shutten up, closed.
A Sickening. See Seakening,
To Side-up, to put in order; the act of cleaning

and arranging a room.
SiD£D-up, arranged or adjusted.
Sideling, insinuating by word or action. ^' A side-
ling, wheedling sort of a body.^*
A Side-wipe, a sly rebuke or intimation.
To SiE-ouT, to stretch gradually, as an over-tight

glove upon the hand.
A SiE, a slightly soiled appearance on linen or

paper, " not stained, but sied aU over.^^ And

again, in a still slighter sense of being marked.

" There were hardly the signs of a sie upon it.^'
To SiFP, to draw in the breath with the teeth and

lips compressed ; to make ^^ a siffing sound.^'
SiKE or SiKER, such, similar. " Sike and sike

like,^' equivalent to the prevailing remark —

^^ There is six of one kind and half-a-dozen of

the other," or, all are alike in the matter.
To SiLE down, to faint away.
To SiLE PAST, to glide by.
SiLE, a milk strainer ; a tin or wooden basin with

a piece of linen cloth tied over the hole at the

bottom.
To SiLE, to put a liquid through a strainer, in

order to rid it of its impurities.
SiLE BRiGGs, or SiLE BRIDGE, the holdcr or wooden

frame laid across the milk-pail for the strainer

to rest on when used.

GLOSSARY. 155

SiLLS^ the shafts of a waggon ; the '^ limmers."
" The sill horse," the shaft horse.

SiNDED OUT, rinsed or washed out.

Sinter-sauntering, idling or ^^ seesawing" over a
business or process. See Nildemaldering.

To SiPE, to ooze or drain away slowly. " It is all
siped out," that is, gone away drop by drop
imperceptibly, as a liquid from a vessel. Also
as water is absorbed by paper on one side, and
then sipes or oozes through on the other.

SiPPER-sAUCEs, the provocatives of the table to the
appetite.

A SiTFAST, a core or goak in a wound.

A Skeating-berth, a track on the ice for skating
or sliding upon. See Berth.

A Skeel or Skeil, a milk or water pail. It differs
from the ordmary pail, which is of an equal
circumference from top to bottom, by forming
a wide circle at the base, and contracting
upwards; also, having no bow, one of the
staves rises above the rim higher thau the rest
by way of a stiff handle. The use of " the
nU- J,untry skeU/' which is usuaUy borne
upon the head on a pad, seems on the decline.
See Wreeath.

To Skeel or Skeyl, to tilt as a cart, for the pur-
poseof unloading. "Toskeel over," to overturn.

Skeelt, skilful. ^^Vary skeely and knowftil,"
very clever. See JVise Man,

The Skelbeast, the partitions of a cattle-stall.

To Skeller or Skelly, to squint.

A Skellit, a small metal pot for the fire, with a
long handle.

Skelly-eyed, squint-eyed.

To Skelp, to beat or belabour with the flat hand.
Also, to run fast, or " skelp along,"

156 GLOSSARY.

•

Skelping^ large sized^ unusually big. ^' A great
skelping animal/^ or " a skelper."

Skep^ a round-bottomed willow basket^ without a
bow, used in the country for bringing potatoes
and turves into the house. The tithes of
certain grain were paid to Whitby Monastery
in " Skepfdls/' but the specific amount of a
skepful does not appear. '^ A bee-skep/' a
straw beehive.

To Skerl or Skirl, to scream. " It skirled like
a pig in a yat/^ like a pig jammed in a gate.
The skirling of the sea-gulls is said to be the
forerunner of a gale.

To Skew, to cast abroad, as grain is dispersed
from the hand; to fling at random.

To Skew ofp, to twist or forcibly wrench oflf.

To Skime. See Scarm.

Skimmering, showy, bright. " A fine skimmering
moming,^^ a splendid dawn betokening a fine
day.

A Skin-lowzbner, "a skin-loosener," a strong
glass of spirits when it takes effect. Also, a
warm bath. See TTiroat-seasoner.

To Skit, to sneer, to ridicule.

Skittish, satirical.

Skiwers, meat skewers, wooden splinters.

Skufe, a precipice.

Skupf or Skupt, the nape of the neck. " A good
skuffing," a punishment among boys by
nipping the neck with the finger and thumb.

Slabby, slight, in the sense of incompact or
unsubstantial. "A poor slabby job," as a
slightly constructed building.

A Slack, a valley, or small shallow dale.

Slairking, licking with the tongue, daubing with
the finger.

GLOSSARY. 157

Slaibt or S LATTERY, sluttish. "Vcrv slairy and
slinky/' both slovenly and skulkish or idle.

Slaisterino, idling as a slaisterer, or one who
has the properties implied in the term Slairy.

A Slake, a mere wipe, not a thorough cleansing.
^^A lick and a slake," or "A lick and a
promise," as a slut gets over certain of her
household duties.

Slake-trough, a receptacle in a blacksmith's shop
in which water is kept for quenching
purposes.

Slaking, licking with the tongue.

Slane. See Skean.

Slape, slippery, smooth. '^As slape as glass,"
icy. Also in the sense of dishonest, ^^ A slape
un," a slippery one, a person in whom you
cannot confide, or one ^^as slape as an eel's tail."

To Slapen, to render slippery. Country folks
talk of slapening the insides of their cattle by
giving them oil and other aperients. " She
would be all the better if she had her inside
slapen'd a bit," that is, the cow. See To
Roughen,

A Slapescalp (pron. Slapescope), an unprincipled
individual.

Slape-shod, slippery-footed, as a horse when its
shoes are worn too smooth for travelling,
especially on the ice.

Slape-tongued, smooth spoken, hypocritical.

Slaps, dirty water, rinsings.

Slappy, watery. '^ Slappy weather," rainy. " It 's
slappy walking," wet under foot.

Slapston, a stone slab with a hole in it, in the
comer of a kitchen or scullery, for carrying
off slaps ; a drain.

14

158 GLOSSARY.

ff

Slathery^ miry and rainy. " Slathery weather.

Slattery. See Slairy.

To Slaver, to spit, or to allow spittle to run from
the mouth.

Slayerment, fawnsomeness, that of one whom we
call " a lick-spittle/^ hollowness, flattery.

To Slayster, to linch with a whip, to flog. " I ^11
slayster thy shoulders,^^ or " I ^11 give thee a
good slaystering.^'

Sleck, drink, or that kind which pre-eminently
slakes thirst. " Good sleck.^^

Sleean or Slane, the smut of com, to prevent
which the farmers hereabouts soak their
seed-wheat in arsenic and water, while some
resort to a solution of sulphate of copper for
the same purpose. Many are the deriders of
this proceeding; but, on the other hand^
numbers are its adherents.

To Slew, to swerve or swing on one side. ^^ He
never slews his throat over his shoulder when
he kens a full cann,*^ he never turns away his
head when he sees a full cup, — the toper.

Slew'd, twisted, swerved. Intoxicated.

To Slidder, to slide. ^^ Sliddered away," slipped
by, eone aside.

StiDDE^fsH, Slippery, and in the sense of imprin-
cipled, not to be trusted.

A Slip, a child's pinafore ; also a linen case, as a
" Bolster-slip,^' a '^ Pillow-slip."

To Slipe, to strip oflF, as the featheredge from a
quill, or the skin from the flesh.

Sloak, slime. " Green sloak," the vegetable scum
on the surface of a piece of water ; that which
Dr. Johnson alludes to as ^^the stagnant viri-
dity of a duck-pond.

99

GLOSSARY. 159

To Sloap or Slope, to imbibe liquids with an

audible indraught of the mouth.
Slocken'd, quenched. See Slaked,
Sloped or Slowp'd, cheated. "I weeant be

slowp'd iv onny sike way/^ in any such

manner. ^^A slowpy kind of a fellow/^ a

trickster or deceiver.
Slot, a small bolt which slides in a metallic

groove, as a door fastener.
Slowdy, long, meagre, and ungainly in person.

Fish that are flabby and out of season are said

to be slowdy, as not firm or substantial.
Sluffs, the skins of all such fruit as gooseberries

and currants are called sluffs or sloughs.
Slush, puddle, slime. *' Slushy roads.^'
Slush-pans, the collections or pools of soft snow

and water during a thaw, in the worn cavities

on the moor roads. See Water -dikes.
To Slush on, to proceed or persevere in one's

course of life, as the saying is, ^^ through thick

and thin.''
Sluthek or Slutherment, any thin gelatinous

substance ; that about the heads of the larger

kind offish when boiled; jelly.
Sluthery, slippery, as when anything muddy or

slimy is spread on the ground. *^ The streets

are wet and sluthery."
Sly-cakes, tea-cakes plain and uninviting on the

outside, but when eaten are found full of

currants and richness within. They are also

called Cheats.
Smally, spare, puny in person. ^^ A poor smally

creature."
Smart-money, the penalty when a man pays "too

dear for his whistle."

160 OLOSSARY.

Smatch^ flavour. Also resemblance in other

respects^ as ^'He has gotten a smatch of

London in his talk/'
Smit or Smittle^ infection generally.
Smittleish or Smitting^ infectious.
Smitches^ the blacks or sooty particles from

smoke. " A smitch of black/' a spot of the

same on linen.
Smithereens^ the particles in red-hot showers

which fly from the anvil when the forged iron

is struck by the smith's hammer. " Shiver'd

into smithereens/' destroyed and dispersed as

by an explosion.
Smithycohe or Smitticome^ the smith's iron dust

or sweepings mixed with hot pitch as an

impervious composition for the tops of wooden

sheds.
Smock-turnino^ the practice of the wives and

sweethearts of sailors and fishermen putting

on their shifts inside out for success and a

fair wind.
Shooting^ hiding the face bashfully^ as a child in

its mother's breast. A young man is said to

smoot after a girl when he dares not appear

openly in the courtship.
Smooty-faced^ modest-looking^ shame-faced.
A Smoothing, an ironing, or getting-up of linen.
To Smudge, to smoulder or smoke before the

breaking-out of flame.
To Smurr or Smorr, to smother.
SMURRf D UP, smothered ; over-heated with clothes

or confinement.
To Sn APPLE. See Snawle,
Snakestones, the petrified shells of the Ammonite,

or Comu Ammonis, so called from their

OLOSSABT. 161

resemblance to the curled horns on the head
of Jupiter Ammon. The number of species
found on our coast^ according to the mono-
graph of Mr. M. Simpson, is upwards of
150. Tradition asserts those formations to
have been living snakes with which Whitby
was infested before the days of the abbey ; but
by the prayers of St. Hilda the foundress, and
the outstretching of her miraculous wand,
they were swept over the cliflf and turned into
stones I Three snakes on a heart-shaped
shield, constitute the Whitby arms.

To Snape, to check, to put down audacity with a
retort. " She began to say so and so, but I
very soon snaped her.^^

Snaps, thin round gingerbread cakes for children.
See Spice.

Snarzling, Snarzly or Snarly. '^A cold
snarzly wind,^' an unkindly wind. See
Ctistard Winds.

To Snawle or Snaffle, to speak through the
nose.

Sneck, a lift-latch with a bowed handle for a door.
"A thumb-sneck.^^

Snewer, slender.

To Snickle, to snare with a draw-loop as hares
are entangled or snickled.

To Snifle or Snifter, to have the habit of
puffing in audible successions through the
nostrils, as a ^^ snifterer."

Snifterer. See To Snifle or Snifter.

To Sniggle, to sneer at with a derisive laugh.

To Snite, to blow the nose. " Suite thy nose.^'

Snocrsnarls, overtwisted thread or worsted run
into knots.

14 §

^^■P^^—^^^iP^^^i^^p^^^gl g i p m \j I w v,-^ - j

162 0L03SARY.

Snod and Snog^ smooth and compact.

Snolls^ nostrils. ^' Snite thy snolls/' hlow your

nose.
To Snoobk or Snork^ to smell at anything with a

strong appliance of the nose. " Tak a lang

snoork/' take a good smell.
Snow-plags, snow-fl£^es. " The time when snow-
flags fly," winter.
Snubbings, reprimands, rebukes.
To Sob. See To Sou. Also To Suff.
SoDDEN^D or SoDDER^D, stccpcd in water, saturated ;

softened or wrinkled by repeated soakings,

as the hands of a washerwoman.
SoDGY. " Fat and sodgy," heavy and cumbrous, as

a stout person.

SOE THEE, LO THEE, LoOKS THEE ! SCC, look^

behold ; a threefold exclamation calling atten-
tion to anything wonderful or beautiful.

Soft, Softish, weather terms. '^A softish
night," a rainy night. '^ It^s soft tramping,"
the roads are muddy to walk on. ^' It ^s boun
to fall soft," it is going to be rain.

SooRT or Sort, in the sense of many or numbers.
'^ There was a good soort there," a good many
assembled.

Soss, puddle.

To Soss, to plash or fling anything into water with
force. Also to lap liquids as a dog. '^ A soss-
pot," a drunkard.

To Sou, to breathe forth, to sigh. "The wind is
beginning to sou," to rise or get up. When
the gale is declining in force with intervals of
cessation, it is said the wind is ^' beginning to
sob," to relent or go down. See To Suff.

To Sound away, to faint away.

GLOSSARY. 163

Sounds^ the thick gelatinous flakes which adhere
internally to the backs of cod-fish; when
salted^ they sell at a high price as a delicacy ;
^^ Cod sounds/'

SouLMAss Loaves. See Saumas Loaves.

Soup'd or Sowp'd, soaked with water, drenched
in the rain. "They got fairly sowp'd
through/'

Sour dockens, field sorrel.

To SowL, to agitate in water for the purpose of
cleansing.

A SowLiNO, a duckings a rinsing.

SowTER^ a shoemaker. "He grins like an aud
sowter/' as the shoemaker's grimaces keep
pace with the motion of his arms and elbows
in the act of stitching.

To Spang along^ to walk fast.

Spang'd, or Spanghued. " I spanghued it behind
the fire/' flung it away.

Spanking, lusty, of large size or span^ gigantic.
" A great spanking fellow."

Spatterdashes. See Gamashes.

To Spawder, to sprawl, to spread out the legs like
a spider, or a frog in the water. Young birds
in the nest are said to be spawder'd, when
their legs, as it often happens, are turned
crookedly over their backs.

Spectioneer, an overlooker or inspector; on ship-
board an overlooker of stores.

Speead yas Guineas, the old guinea, which the
sovereign superseded. The shield upon it has
been likened to the ace of spades on playing
cards. "I'll hae neean o' your screeds o'
paper, I'U hae 't all i' broad speead yas
guineas" — that is, the payment. The old-?

164 GLOSSARY.

fashioned preference we have heard of for
solid coin over bank paper^ when the latter^
of a local nature^ was first established here
towards the latter part of the last century.

To Speean or Spean, to wean from the breast, to
substitute spoon meat for the mother^s milk.

To Speldeb, to speU words. ^' Spelder it out if
you can," make out the writing.

Speldeb-beuk, a spelling-book.

Speldebing, spelling. ^^ He ^s ept at his spelder-
ing/' apt or ready.

Spelks, splinters, or thin pieces of wood used by
surgeons for binding up broken limbs.

Spell, a splinter, a small wooden bar. ''The
spells," the bars of a gate or a ladder.

A Spell, a turn or trial at work, as digging. '' Let
me have a spell," let me relieve you in the
labour. '' Spell for speU is fair play," turn
for turn. Also in the sense of time spent,
'' I had a long spell."

To Spell, to try to obtain by address or applica-
tion. '' He spelled hard in the matter," he
endeavoured perseveringly to gain his point.

Spell and Knob, a game so called. See Knor.
It is known fiirther south as Dab and Shell.

Spic-and-span New. See Brandnew.

Spice, the common term here for sweetmeats and
confectionery of all sorts, but especially for
gingerbread articles. See Snaps.

Spice-cakes, tea-cakes with currants, as well as
cakes more generally known as plum-cakes,
for which this quarter is famous. The tea-
cakes made rich with butter and cream, are
called '' fat rascals." See Sly calces or Cheats.

Spinneb-web or Spinneb-mesh, the spider's web.

GLOSSARY. 165

Spit. " Never invite a friend to a roast and then
beat him with the spit," do not profess hospi-
tality, and then, in some shape or other, maJse
yonr visitor pay for it.

A Spit, a shovel with a thick, narrow, sharp blade,
for digging, or rather slicing, the sward.

Spittle, an iron blade fixed across the end of a
staff for scraping ashop floor in muddy weather.

Sploader^d, spread out, vulgarly laid forth, as a
person gaudily dressed.

Sploaderment, a showy display. " What a
sploaderment \" Also, as having reference to
an extravagant mode of expression.

Spoils. "Cotton spoils," cotton purls, or the
small wooden knobs upon which balls of thread
are wound, old-fashionedly termed " clew
bottoms."

Sponge, leaven or yeast-paste for lightening loaves.

Spord or Spoad, the split of a pen, the point.

Spraggt, bony, as some fish seem to be all bones
when eaten out of season.

Sprent, the staple-catch of a trunk-lid, which goes
into the key-hole to be fastened by the bolt of
the lock.

A Sprig, a long headless nail.

To Sprint or Sprent, to splash, to bespot, or
squirt upon with a fluid.

Sprunt, steep. "Down a sprunt road in the

Sprunt, a hill. See Titter,

Spurrings, the bans of marriage; a word appa-
rently having an affinity with wedding haste.

Spur weang, simply any valueless particle, as the
broken-off point of a spur. " I care not a
spur weang for it," or not a pin^s point about
the matter.

166 GLOSSARY.

Sqijab^ a long cushioned couch or stretcher^ gene-
rally without back and ends^ common in old-
fashioned houses^ both in town and country.
See Neukin,

Squary^ square in the sense of ample or sizeable^
as presenting a good amount of surface or
substance to the view. "A squary piece of
wood.^^ " A nice squary-sized room.'^

Staddles or Staddlesteads^ the soil-marks left
about the wrists after the hands have been
imperfectly washed. The term is also applied
to the wrinkles on the skin left by an
eruption.

Stagoarth or Stackgarth^ a farmer's stackyard.

Stags^ young horses.

A Staith or Steeath^ a quay or ledge by the
water-side for shipping or landing goods; also
a sea-wall for the protection of property.
''It was all well staithed up." Staithes^ —
quay walls to keep out the ocean; a small
town so called on the coast eight miles from
Whitby. At Staithes the celebrated Capt.
Cook was bound apprentice to a grocer, before
embarking at Whitby as a sailor.

Stalled, satiated with eating. " We were stalled
with good things." See PalPd.

A Stang, a long pole. "To ride stang," a practi-
cal reproof to the husband or wife who quarrel
or go astray. A man or boy is placed on a
pole^ borne on men^s shoulders, and paraded
before the house of the delinquents, the rider
repeating some verses applicable to the oc-
casion.

To Stang, to shoot with pain. *' It stangs to my
heart like a knife."

GLOSSARY. 167

To Stape, to weigh down at one end by pressure,
as a board across a bar is staped or tilted; and
as a tub is staped or placed on one of its sides
to drain out its liquid contents.

Stark^ Starkly, stiff, in the sense of rusty or un-
yielding. "The door goes very starkly .^^
Also, as the body is stiff or rigorous with cold
or rheumatism. " I am stark in all my limbs.^'

To Starken, to stiffen ; to tighten a stretched rope.

Starvatious, chilling. "A starvations spot/^ a cold
or unsheltered situation.

Starving, keen. '^ It ^s starving weather.^' See
Black-starved.

To Stawf, to stamp in walking as a clownish
person.

To Stawter, to stumble. " He eans stawtering
alang » walks in a stumbling manner.

Stawving, awkward, staring, clownish.

To Steck in or Steck up, to shut up shop. ''Steck
t^ heck,^^ fasten the door. " Steck him to t'
bonny side o' t^ door,^^ that is, the painted
or more showy side towards the street, or, in
other words, — turn him out. "Steck thy
e'en,^^ shut your eyes,

Steg, a gander. "As teuf as an and steg,^^ a remark
when the roasted goose proves a tough one.

Stegging, vacant looking, or " as foolish as a
goose."

Stegging, stumping or striding as a stag with its
long legs, in the sense of rustic or unman-
nered. "Where are you going stegging and
hauving to?" striding and gaping as a novice
or ignoramus. Young rustics are oft termed
young stags or stegs.

To Stewon, to shout with great strength of voice.

168 GLOSSARY.

" To storm and stewon/^ to scold and blaster.
" It stervous and stoors," it blows hard, and
the dust, rain, or snow, drifts with the wind.
See Stoor.

Stickle-hair'd, bristly as the hair of a horse with
a rough coat.

Stifb, smoky, pent up, vapourish. " As stife as a
dungeon." " A close stife smell."

The Stiller, the wooden trencher which floats in
the pail of the water-carrier to allay the motion
of the fluid in the conveyance. A friend re-
lates, that being at Newcastle with the northern
historian Sir Cuthbert Sharp, a female near
them set down her pail of water with the
wooden circle swimming on the top. " And
what do you call this, my good woman ?" said
the inquisitive antiquary as he eyed it. ^' O,
sir, it 's the stiller." '^ Ay, now," he re-
marked, "that is lust the very word, and the
information is worth a shilling » She grinned
at the knight's liberality. See Whemmle.

Stint, greediness, stinginess. " He has nae stint
about him," the reverse of greediness — ^libe-
rality.
, To Stither, to steady. " Stither thyself," walk
steady.

Stithy, a smith's anvil. ''As steady as a stithy,''
as immoveable as an anvil, from its known
solidity.

A Stob, a post, the stump of a tree ; a splinter.
Also, the prick of a plant. " A thistle stob,'*
a thistle point.

To Stob off. See To Stoo,

To Stob up, to prop or support. Also, in a mental
sense, ''They stobb'd him up in his own

GLOSSARY. 169

belief,^^ strengthened him in his own opinions ;
said as he said.

Stocks. See Bed Stocks

Stone-mother-nak'd^ as naked as a babe new born
&om its mother ; stone naked.

To Stoo, " to stob oflF," as lopping the tops of trees.

Stooes^ sheaves of com set up together in a field.
" A stook of straw/^ a bound bundle or batton
for thatching with. See Logging.

A Stoop or Stoup, a post, " Gate stoups/^ side-
posts to an entrance gate. See Yat.

A Stoor or Stour, a cloud of dust^ a fog.

A Stoor^ a commotion^ strife, or sensation, " They
raised a great stour about nought,'^ a violent
contention about trifles.

Store, or rather "Good Store,^' high value or
extent. " He likes the situation good store,"
that is, very much. "I was a&aid in the
night good store," sorely frightened. '^ They
are well oflF in the world good store," have
wealth in abundance. See Galore.

A Stot, a steer, a young ox.

A Stoup." "A pint stoup," an old-fashioned
wooden measure for wine.

A Stoven, a sapling shoot from the stool or stump
of a fallen tree.

A Stower, a cross rail or bar fixed between posts
or upright spars for steadying them, as between
the feet of a chair, or across a gate, or a
piece of fence- work.

To Stramash, to smash or crush, as a madman, for
instance, with a flail among china. Also to
destroy in the way of an explosion.

Strand, seacoast ; but the term here applies to a
large interior domain^ as well as to a part of

15

170 GLOSSARY.

the coast. "Whitby Strand/' the territory
which contained the chief part of the Abbey
property, consists of the port of Whitby and
as far northward as East Row Beck, near Mul-
grave, with a southward direction towards
Scarborough as fax as Blawych Creek at Peak
alum works, forming inclusively an eight miles
length of coast. From these points it sweeps
into the interior of the country as far as Hack-
ness, which is eighteen miles from the town
of Whitby ; and its surface still presents the
same villages and names of places upon the
whole, as we find occurring in the ancient
enumeration.

Streaked out, laid forth in dress or display, garbed
out.

Streek'd, stretched as a dead body.

Streonshalh, interpreted by Bede " Light-house
Bay,'* the name of Whitby in the times of its
Saxon founders, or, rather, they were the
founders of its monastery, from which the
town originated. See Hilda, the abbess of
those first settlers who were nuns from
Hartlepool. Coedmon, the Anglo - Saxon
attached himself to the Streonshalh com-
munity, and wrote a metrical paraphrase
on portions of the Holy Scriptures."^ His
works have been translated and published with
engraved illustrations, in our own times, under
the auspices of the London Antiquarian So-
ciety. The town of Streonshalh appears to
have been a mere appendage to the monastery,
and was destroyed along with it during the
Danish invasion of the coast in the year 867.
The restoration of the place as ^' Whitby'^
occurred in 1074. See Whitby,

GLOSSARY. 171

Strickle, the tool with which the scythe is sharp-
ened; "the wooden whetstone/^ prepared by
first greasing it and then powdering it over
with " lea sand/' which see.

Stridtkire, a large awkward female. '^ A great
stridykirk lass.''

Strip Measure, the cylindrical measure for grain.
The grain is stroked off with a stick passed
over it on a level with the rim.

Struceen, struck, astonished.

Strunt, the tail of an animal.

Struntish or Strunty, obstinate, stupid.

Strut Stower, a prop against a piece of fence-
work, the foot of which is planted in advance
of the fence, while the top leans against it,
thus supporting it as a buttress does a wall.

To Stub up, to grub up the stumps of trees and
shrubs,

A Stunge (g soft) pain from a blow, a stun.

Stunt, obstinacy, stubbornness. " He would not
learn his lesson, but took stunt," became
stupid. "Rather stuntish," inclined to be
obstinate.

Stunt, stout and strong. " A stunt stick," a short
thick stick. Unbendable.

To Sturken or Sturten, to stiffen after being
heated, as melted grease. See Starken.

Sturks or Storks, cattle a year old, "yearlings."

To Stut, to stammer. " He stuts sair," he stam-
mers sorely.

A Stye, a blain on the eye-lid; as a remedy, rub-
bing it with a wedding ring for nine mornings
in succession, is prescribed !

Succour. "Let the ladder succour against the
wall," — rest or lean.

172 GLOSSARY.

To SuFP, to sob, or lower in force as a gale of
wind. " The weather repents of what it has
done, the wind is beginning to suflF,^^ to calm.
See To Sou.

Summer Colt, when the air, says Mr. Marshall, is
seen on a calm summer's day, to undulate
near the surface of the ground, and appears
to rise as from hot embers, the phenomenon is
expressed by saying, *' See how the summer
colt rides !"

SuMPH, a sink or bog, a drain.

To Sunder, to air by exposure to the sun.

Sundown, sunset, evening.

To Sup, to drink, to take liquids with a spoon.
'' To sup sorrows by dishfuls,'' to have frequent
occasion for grief.

SuppiNGS or Sups, liquids. " He likes his sups,"
his glass as a toper. " A sup o' wet,^' a little
rain.

A Swab, an intemperate person. "A drunken
swab.''

SwADs, hulls or husks, peashells or peascodswads.

To Swag, to sway on one side with distention ; to
be overbalanced as a cart will be swagged
down by its upheaped lading, and seem ready
to fall over.

A Swagger, a flag or pennon. " They carry a tight
swagger upon a rotten mast," make a great
show with little means ; — a hollow display.

SwAiMisH, bashful, averse. " I felt swaimish at
asking," diffident. "Don't be ower swaim-
ish," do not be too backward.

A SwANG, a low-lying grassy place Uable to be
flooded.

To Swank, to eat heartily. " He can now swank

GLOSSARY. 173

his navel with a good beef-steak/* as improv-
ing in his appetite.

Swanking, large, masculine ; one who would ap-
pear to be a great eater.

To Swap, to exchange. See Coup,

A SwAPE, a flexible projection or spring fixed
overhead, to lighten the labour of pounding
in a mortar. From the taper end of the
swape a string descends to the pestle, which
the operator works up and down, his labour
being much lightened by the pliable material
of the swape. In farm-houses, this plan applies
to the working of the upright butter-chum.

SwARTH, sward or grass land. See To Rive,

SwARTH, the brown skin of ba^on. '' Kg-swarth.^'
^^ Swarthy looking,'^ brown visaged, as a Mu-
latto.

To Swash, to swill by waves as water agitated in a
pail.

A Swatch, a thin wooden tally affixed to a piece
of cloth before it is put with other pieces into
the dye kettle. A portion of the wood is cut
out and given to the owner, who, upon its fit-
ting the gap afterwards recognises his own
dyed piece.

To Swatter, to waste or dribble away by leakage.
" They swattered their money away like dike
water,^^ they allowed it to run away from them
like ditch water; set no value upon it.

SwATTERMENTs, Small quantities of liquids, drops.

To SwEAL, to waste away as a guttering candle, or
one blown upon by the wind.

SwEET-scoT, sweetball or " sugar-scot," made in
flat surfaces, in shaUow pans, and enriched
with butter. '' Butter-scot."

15 §

\

174 GLOSSARY'

To SwELT, to faint away, to fall down with mental

excruciation. " She fairly swelted when she

heard it/'
To SwiDDEN or SwizzEN, to singe or bum off, as

the .hair, wool, or the heath on the moors.
To SwiD, SwiDOE, or Switheb, to smart as a bum

with a tingling sensation. ^^It ukes and

swithers," itches and tingles.
Swill. See Sivine-^swUL
A Swill, a willow basket without a bow, as shallow

as a dish, in which light linen is carried forth

to dry. " The roof is as leaky as a swill,'' full

of holes as net or basket work, very leaky

indeed.
Swine-seam. See Seam or Saim.
Swine-swill, pig-meat or hog- wash.
To Swingle, to rough-dress flax.
Swip, likeness. " He's the very swip of his father,"

probably the sweep or outline of the object

resembled.
Switch'd, " desperately switch'd," very drunk.
Switching, in the sense of extensive or famous.

^'A great switching place." ''A switching

speaker," or " A switcher at speaking."
To SwiTHER. See To Stvid.
Swizzle or Swizzlement, the intemperate man's

liquids of all kinds.
SwoRD-sLiFiNGs (i loug), daggers drawing, "They

are fairly at sword-slipings wi t'ane t'other,"

ready to slip out the sword at each other;

violently enraged.
Syke, a rill or small brook, particularly in a low

^oggy situation.

GLOSSARY. 175

T.

rpAAL, to settle^ to be reconciled, " Thar sheep

-^ deeaat taal weel to their new heeaf," those
sheep do not settle well to their new quarters.
See Heeaf,

Ta'en tiv, taken to or become attach'd. " Ta'en
tiv ilk other/^ each other.

Tagreen. " They keep a tagreen shop/' an old
clothes store ; an old rope and rag depdt.

A Tak off, a descriptive burlesque. "Punch."
A mimic, or satirical person.

To Tak off, to go on a journey. " Are you just
takking off a bit V' walking out a little. Alsoj
to ridicule.

Takken aback. See Aback,

Takken by t' hand, patronized, assisted.

Takken by t' head, intoxicated ; excited with
whims.

Takken by V heart, spasmodic with pain, grief,
or anger.

A Takking or Taking, a state of agitation or con-
cern. '^ He^s in a bonny takking,^* in great
anxiety. " A sour takking/' an ill humour.
Also, in the sense of capture : " A brave
takking o' bees/' a large swarm; "A rare
takking o' fish," a good catch, or a heavy haul.

Tangles or Sea Tang, Sea Wrack; Laminaria
digitata, abundant on our rocks, of an olive
brown colour, with stems from two to twelve
feet long, and near an inch in diameter, bear-
ing strap-shaped fronds. It is often collected
and laid upon the land for manure.

Tangling or Tangly, untidy in dress, ragged or
hanging in shreds. "A lang tangly lass,"
having the well-known meaning of " long and
lazv."

176 GLOSSARY.

To Tantle^ to move about as a child learning to
walk^ to saunter.

Tantbills^ idle wanderers^ gipsies.

A Tarn^ a lake.

A Tastrill^ a termagant; a passionate child.
'^ You young tastnll !"

Tastt^ savoury^ pleasant to the palate^ both in a
material and mental signification.

A Tawm^ a fishing line and rod. ^^A fishing
tawm.^^

To Tawm ower^ to fall down in a swoon.

Tea-graithing or Tea-tattling, the tea-things.

To Team, to pour from one vessel to another, to
empty. " It rains and teams on/' very fast.
^' Half an egg is better than a teamM shell,*'
a small certainty is better than a great ven-
ture, whereby all may be lost.

Teaty or TuTTY, easily offended, testy or touchy.

A Teearback, a tomboy, or one given to romping.
See Ragrowtering.

To Teeave, to paw and sprawl with the arms and
legs.

To Tell, to count. ^' Tell 'em ower," count them
over.

Tell-pyet or Telly-pie, a tale-bearer, a tell-tale.
See To Pie, also Piet.

A Temse, a coarse hair sieve used in dressing
flour.

To Teng, to sting.

Teng'd, stimg. The sting is a disease in cattle
supposed to be caused by a small red spider
affecting the tongue roots, from which the
animal voids saliva, and soon dies, if not
promptly attended to. " A teng'd owce" — ox.

To Tent, to watch, to wait or attend upon the

GLOSSARY. 177

motions. '^ I '11 tent you for it/^ a threat, — I

will lay wait for you.
To Tent, to take account of, to tally. '^ Mind and

tak tent on 'em,^^ coimt them as you go on.
Tetheb, extent, as far as the tie or the chain

will reach. " They are grazing beyond their

tether,^' living beyond their means. " He is

held in with a tight tether/^ bound by, or

subjected to, a rigid surveyance; restricted.
Tethebments, amount of wrappings or bandages

with which anything is bound up,
Tetter'd, entangled. See To Cotter.
To Tew, to tumble imeasily in bed. " To tew

and toss about.^* Also, to crumple paper or

linen with the fingers.
Tewing, laborious. A weather term — " A tewing

hay time,'' the season wet and unfavourable

for the hay, and, consequently, involving

much extra labour. ^^A tewing bairn/' a

restless child.
Thabble, the plug in the leaden cream bowl of

the dairy, for drawing out, in order to let oflF

the substratum of milk into a pail beneath.
Thabfish, shy. '' She ^s rather a tharfish kind of

a bairn," a diffident sort of child.
Thabfly, slowly, deliberately. ^^ The rain comes

very tharfly. "He nobbut mends varry

tharfly,'^ gets better very slowly.
That o' t' donnot, the devU. See Donnot.
A Thavvle, a pot stick, used to push or stir down

the contents when the pot on the fire is likely

to boil over.
Theak or Theaking, straw thatch. " He has a

well-theak'd back," well-clothed or fleshy.
A Theakeb or Thakkeb, a thatcher. "Tyll

178 GLOSSARY.

thakkers'^ are meDtioned in the year 1327 —
thatchers with tiles^ tilers.

Theet^ tight^ opposed to leaky.

Thick, friendly, united. " The two folks are very-
thick.^^

Thick of hearing, deaf.

To Thole, to bear or pat up with. '^ Bad usage
is ill to thole.^^

Thor, those.

Thorp, hamlet.

A Thrang, a state of confdsion. ^' We are despe-
rate thrang,** very busy. '^ They came in the
very thrang on %^^ in the very thick of the
commotion. Also a crowd.

Thrivers. " They look like thrivers," children,
plants, and stfch like, which appear in good
Ldition. "Bad thriven, /' ^Qa grolers,
sickly produce.

A Throat-seasoner, a glass of spirits. See Siin^
lowzener.

To Throdden, to thrive by feeding or cultivation.
" Ill-throdden,^^ puny, in poor condition.

Throffle, the windpipe. " They throppled te-an
\? other,*' took each other by the throat.

Thruff opfen, thorough. "A thruflF oppen
draught,*' the wind through a house by oppo-
site doors or windows. Also in the sense of
honest or transparent in motive. " A thruff
oppen sort o' body,** single-purposed.

To Thrum, to purr as a cat.

To Thrummle, to roll as a pea between the finger
and thumb ; to try or test by the feel, in order
to be assured of the soundness of an article ;
or as farmers are seen to feel the flesh on the
back of cattle when exposed for sale.

GLOSSARY. 179

Thrummt^ substantial^ affording some substance to
the touch. '^ A brave thrummv bairn/^ a fine
stout baby.

Thrusten out, put or projected forward ; turned
out of doors.

Thus and so. ^^ I am only thus and so," in the con-
dition which we call middling.

Thwait, single house or small hamlet.

TiciNG, tempting, enticing. "They ticed me,"
induced me.

Tied, in the sense of sure, bound by obligation or
course. " I am tied to go," compelled to go.
'' It's tied to be sae," it is sure as a matter of
reason to prove so.

Tiffany, a gauze sieve for dressing flour.

To Tift, to adjust, to dress up. ^^Get thyself
washed and tifted up a bit." Also, to decide
by argumentation. " They may tew and tift it
amang themselves," they may contend in the
matter, and settle it amongst them.

A Tift or Tifting, a scolding match. "They
gave me a bonny tifting," a first-rate scolding.

Till or Tiv, to. " Gan thy ways tiU her," go
your way to her.

Tine. See Tyne.

To TiPE, Towp, TowPLE, or Towplb down, to fall
over. " I towpled ower," I fell down.

A TiPE-TRAP, for rabbits, mice, &c., upon the balance
principle. For rabbits, the traps are placed
over pits, and the animal runs along the board
for the bait at the end, which tipes or tilts
with its weight.

Tippy, the brim of a hat or a bonnet.

Tire. See Tyre.

TxTTER, sooner, rather. " I would titter go than

180 GLOSSARY.

stay/^ " I was there titter than you/' sooner
than you. " Titter up t' sprunt mun ower a
bit^^' the sooner one up the hill must wait
awhile. See Sprunt, and Ower or Hover.

TiTTEEEST or TiTHEREST, soouest^ nearest. '^ Yon
is t' titterest road."

TivYiNG, expressive of the motion of personal ac-
tivity. ^' He wad run tivying about frae cock-
leet to sundown, athout feeling shank- weary/^
he would run about in his own quick manner
from dawn to evening without feeling tired.

Tiv, See TUl

ToFFER or ToFFERMENTs, old fumiture and similar
odds and ends. " I would not niflfer down
ninepence for all the old tofferments put
together. Also, as a term of depreciation^
" It 's nought but toflFer/' rubbish, valueless.

ToiTiNO or HoiTiNo, playing the fool; engaged in
a frolicsome adventure.

Toll-booth, town-hall.

TooM, empty. ^^ As toom as an egg-sheU." See
To Team.

A Tongue Whaling or Tongue Padding, a scold-
ing or abusive lecture, a reprimand.

The Topfing, the hair on the foretop of the head.
"I'll cowl his topping for him,'' a good-
humoured threat of chastisement by pulling
the hair.

ToTTERiNG, a weather term. "A tottering time
for harvest," in allusion to the variableness of
the weather from foul to fair in quick suc-
cessions.

Tottering, " I have had a tottering time of it," a
time of danger or suspense in sickness. Sailors

GLOSSARY. 181

are also heard to speak in a similar strain after
a storm.

ToucHous, Touchy, testy, quarrelsome.

To Towp. See To Tipe.

To Tbail, to drag as a beam of timber is drawn
along the ground by horses or oxen, without
its being on wheels. " It was not carried, it
was traoled.'^ Also, " He trails a light har-
row, his hat covers his family,^' he lives a life
without cares, as an unmarried man.

TaAiLTENos or Tbailtbifes, a slipshod female, as
awkward in her movements as '^ the walking
tongs.'' " A trallopy trailtengs " is the ususd
epithet. See Trallopy.

Traipsing, wandering or vagrandising. " He goes
traipsing and trailing about l^e a beggar
without a parish.''

Trallopy, untidy and indolent.

To Tramp, to tread, to journey on foot. '^ He
tramp'd it," he walked the distance. See Trod.

Tramp off I begone !

Trampbrs, strollers, pedlers. '' A tramper fellow."
" A tramper wean," woman.

Tramp-house, a lodging-house for beggars. " As
lilty and lively as a tyke in a tramp-house."
The jollity of those wayfarers in assembly is
proverbial. See T^ke.

Tbapp'd, jammed. " I got my finger-end trapped
in the door."

A Trash, a worthless character. " You're a bad
trash," a charge of reproach. " A sad trash."
^^ A saucy trash."

Tribbit-stick, or Tbevit-stick, a long hazel stick
to which a club-shaped piece of wood, flat on
one side, is attached, for striking the ball in

16

182 GLOSSARY.

the game of Spell and Knor. See Knor.
May not Tribbit or Trevit be a corruption of
" three feet/' the required length of the stick
for pliable adaptation ?

Teigo'd, well-filled with eatings crammed. ''Trigged
with a good dinner/'

A Tkod, a foot-path. See Horse-trod. ''He
tramp'd an ill trod^" morally speakings pur-
sued an ill course.

To Troll or Trowl^ to roll as a stone down a de-
clivity. *' A trolling stone gathers no moss,**
the well-known adage of the tumbling stone.
Also to sing in the ballad style.

Troll-eoo Days, or Boll-ego Days, Easter Monday
and Tuesday, when the children play with eggs
by rolling them on the grass. See Easter —
Paste or Pace Egg Day.

Trollebods, entrails.

Tro'llowerance, the teetotum, called also a scop-
peril spinner.

A Trough or Through (pron. trufiT), a table tomb,
generally square, and occupying the entire
surface of the grave.

A Trumpery, a person of ill repute ; the ordinary
allusion is, " A trumpery trash.''

To Trundle, to roll on the ground as a hoop. '' A
trundle stick," a hoop stick.

Trunking, lobster and crab catching, with pots, or
a conical framing of hoops and net-work, baited
inside, and sunk into the sea with lines and
weights.

A Trunker, a fisherman who goes a trunking.

TuFiT, the lapwing or pewit.

To TuM, to card wool roughly, to prepare it for
the finer cards.

GLOSSARY. 183

TuRF-GRBAViNO TiME, Autumn, when the farmers
near the moors, greave or slice the turves oflF
the ground with a spade, and place them in
small stacks to dry, previous to their being
led home for winter fuel, and formed into one
large stack near the house. See To Greeave,

Turf-reek, the smoke from a fire of turves, which
frequently bums on the hearth.

TwADGERs, small round gingerbread cakes, tiiick,
puffy, and tough, and slightly flavoured with
lemon ; now rarely or never seen.

TwANGY, affectedly. " She talks rather twangy.^*

To TwATTLE, to persuade, to humour with kind
words and address. To fondle.

A Twill, a quill.

To Twilt, to chastise with blows. '^A good
twilting.^'

A Twilt, a quilt or bed-cover.

Twiny or Twisty, dissatisfied, given to repine.

Twitchbell, the garden earwig. See Forkin Robin,
*' As brown as a twitchbell.^'

Twitters, thread which is imevenly spun and runs
into curls, is said to be in twitters. See
Srwcksnarls,

A Tye-top, a rosette of ribbon, a garland.

A Tyke, a hound. " A nest of hungry tykes,''
facetiously applied to a set of healthy hungry
children.

A Tyke, a low churlish fellow.

A Tyne or Tine, a point. ^' A fork tjme," a fork
prong.

Tyre or Tire, the usual tinsel ornaments for gar-
nishing cabinet work. "CoflSn tyre," the
breast-plate, escutcheons, and handles of a
coffin.

184 GLOSSARY.

U.

To TTDGE. " He udg'd and laughed till his sides
^ were sair/' sore ; he shooJk or surged with
laughter.

To Uke, to itch, to tease or annoy. '^ A sair
uking and swithering, as gin it were boun to
break out intiv a great fiusterment/' a sore
itching and smarting as if the part was going
to break out into an eruption.

Umstrid, astride.

Unbearable, that which cannot be borne or put
up with.

An Unbetbinking, a surprise; a reproof or a
blow given at a time when little expected.
'^ I gave him an unbethinking.^'

Unbbthought, a recurrence of remembrance, '' I
unbethought myself/' that is, the matter
occurred again to my mind.

Uncoiping. See Screeding.

Uncustomed, articles which are smuggled, by which
the government revenue is defrauded. " Un-
customM goods.'' ''Uncustomed bacca,'*
smuggled tobacco.

Under, or, rather, with the prefix, at. " They
keep them at under," in a state of subjection.

An Undercold, a cold caught by the wind blow-
ing up the clothes.

To Undergang, to imdergo. " A desperate under-
ganging/E a severe ordeal or operation.

An Undergang, an overhead archway .across a
road.

Underhanded, undersized. "A little under-
handed fellow," beneath the average nimiber
of '' hands " or spans in height.

GLOSSARY. 185

Ungain, jiot near, too far off, inconvenient. See
Gainest.

Ungainly, awkward.

IJnheppen, sluttish, ill adapted for help, un-
managing.

TJnkard, strange, with respect to the feelings in a
new ptirsuit or locality. ^^ They are unkard
to t' spot.'^

TJnlisting, disinclined. ^^ I feel unlisting to stir,^*
weary.

Unmensbful, indecent. Shabby in dress, ill-
mannered. See Menseful and Menseless.

Unsayable, in the sense of being unwilling to be
" said.^' See Sayed. One who will not
hearken to reason, an unmanageable indi-
vidual.

To Unslot or Unsteck, to unlatch, to open. See
Slot and Steck.

Upgang or XJpGo, a track up a hill, as " Upgang,"
&om the Mulgrave sands to the turnpike on
the Qliff top, which leads towards Whitby.
See Ganff.

Uphod, maintenance, bodily and circumstantial.
" He ^s of a desperate uphod,^^ a great eater.
One of expensive habits. And in the sense
of maintaining an assertion : " I ^11 uphod
you it was sae.^^ I will uphold that it was so.

Upstanding, remaining as heretofore. /' Are they
all upstanding yet ?"

Uptak or Uptake. ^^ He was t'uptak on *em all,^'
the ^outstrip; he exceeded all the rest put
together.

Urling or Underling, a dwarf, a sickly child.

Ure, the udder of a cow.

UvvBR, upper or over. '^ The uwer lip."

16^

186 6L08SART.

V.

T7ARRA WEEL, the assent— very well.

^ Vary webl, very well — in good health.

A Vast, a great many. ''A vast o' folks/' a
crowd.

Venturesome, adventurous, courageous.

Vessel-cups or Wassail-cups. At Christmas and
on New^Year^s eve, young women, in former
times, went from house to house and sang
carols, with a wassail bowl of spiced ale, which
they offered to be tasted, and for which pre-
sentation they usually received a gratuity.
The carrying of the bowl has ceased, and
the appeal made in the manner described in
Christmcis Customs ; which see.

ViEWsoME, viewly, handsome; that which may be
looked at with pleasure.

W.

Ty ADE or Wada, Duke Wada, of old renown,
^^ lived in the neighbourhood of Streonshalh,
the ancient Whit&r, at the castle of Mulgrave,
which he built. He was one of the conspira«
tors who murdered Ethelred, king of North-^
umberland, and for the purpose of defending
himself, strengthened his fortress; but dying
soon after, he was buried near it on a hill,
between two stones seven feet high, which
being twelve feet apart, inspired the belief that
he was a giant in bulk and stature. In the
rearing of Mulgrave and Pickering castles.
Wade and his wife, the giantess BeU, divided
their labours ; but having only one hammer
between them, they threw it backward and

OLOSSARY* 187

forward across the country every time it was
wanted^ and shouted that the one or the other
at Pickering or Mulgrave might be ready to
catch it. The Roman road^ which is caUed
Waders Causeway, was formed by them, for
the convenience of Bell crossing the moor to
milk her cow. Wade paving and Bell bringing
stones in her apron, which used to give way
and leave large heaps on the spot, thus ac-
counting for those collections in patches which
we still see among the heath. They had a
son, also called Wade, who when an infant
could throw stones of an enormous size; for
one day, being impatient for the breast, when
his mother was milking her cow near Swar-
thou, he seized a stone of great bulk, flung it
across the valley, and hit his mother with
such violence, that although she was not much
hurt, her body made an impression on the
stone, which remained on the ground until a
few year's ago, when it was broken up to
mend the highways. The jaw bone of a
whale covered with the initials of visitors,
used to be shown at Mulgrave Castle, as one
of the ribs of Bell Wade's cow, who, it seems,
partook of the gigantic proportions of its
owners ! Such is the substance of this legend,
as recorded by Dr. Young in the History of
Whitby.

Wabsis t' heart ! My heart feels woe for you !
an expression of sympathy for the unfor-
tunate.

Wab worth ye ! an imprecation — May woe'a
weight befal you !

A Wapt, a gliding spectre. ^^ I saw his waft," the

188 GLOSSARY.

semblance of the living person, of whose
death the supposed appearance of the waft is
said to be a denotation !

A Wapt or Waver, a light breeze of wind.

Wage, wages. " They gave her a decent wage/'
a fair amount of wages.

A Wain, a waggon. ^^ A wain-house," a waggon-
shed.

Waits, the night minstrels of former times, who
with their music accompanied the watchmen
in their rounds about the town, particularly
a1^ Christmas, when they were let into the
houses and regaled.

A Wake, the feast of the dedication of a church.
Also the doings of eating, drinking, smoking,
and praying, in the house, which were here-
abouts wont to prevail, as the custom is still
in Ireland, on the occasion of a ^^Corpse-
waking.''

Wakensome, easily awaked ; not inclined to sleep.

A Walker, a fuller or whitener of cloth.

Walking-mill, a fulling-mill.

Wallaneering, this word we have heard, but do
not remember its application. Mr. Marshall
states it to be " an expression of pity."

A Wallet, a large bag or poke.

Walsh, insipid. ^'As walsh as the white of an

egg-''
Wankle, unstable, weak. '^ As wankle as water," a

building on an unstable foundation is said to

be so. '^A wankle prospect," an unlikely

prospect of success in a matter. " Wankle

weather," changeable weather.

Wap Cleeath, thick woollen cloth for fishermen's

pea-jackets;

GXOSSARY. 189

Waps or Whops, blows. ^' I ^1 gie thee thy waps/^

Wapp'd, shut with great force, as a door is banged.

Wab-days, working-days, all days but Sundays.
"My war-day duds/^ my working-day
clothes. See Duds.

To Ware, to lay out or spend as money at a
market. " Badly wared,^^ or " It was an ill-
wared penny,^^ ill-spent in the sense of having
got a bad bargain. "Weel wared,'' well
spent.

Warned. "He was wam'd in as a constable,"
summoned, sworn in.

Warp, sediment from a river in a part of the
channel where some impediment in the course
has stood as a nucleus for the accumulation.
" Sand warped,'' as the sand embanks itself at
the heads and sides of piers at the mouths of
harbours on the sea-coast.

To Wark, to ache. " Head-wark," head-ache.

Warridgb, the withers of a horse.

To Wabsen on 't, to grow worse upon it, as to
decline in health.

A Warsening, a declension in all senses.

War Waps ! a threat of personal attack or blows.
" Have a care, or else war- waps to ye I"

To Warzle or Wizzle, to cajole by persuasive-
ness. "A warzling sort of a body," a
wheedler. "They wizzled it out of him,"
tricked him out of it. Also to smuggle.

Warzlement, flattery, blandishment.

A Wastrill, a spendthrift, a waster ; the oppo-
site to a " home-bringer."

Water Dikes, the worn holes in the roads or
streets filled by the rain. See Slush-pans.

^ATiiy the ford of a river.

190 GLOSSARY*

Wattles, rods laid on a roof to thatch upon.

Waup or Waupish, inclined to faint. "I feel
rather waufish.'^ Also in the sense of being
insipid to the taste. " Poor wauf stuflF/' as
over weak tea.

A Waufishness, a sickly smell.

Waue, worse. ^^ My waur hat/* my common hat,
not my best. Also, as a sick person expresses
himself, " I am mickle at waur, I'se obliged to
ye,'' I remain much at the point of worse, or
I am no better.

To Wavee. See Waft.

Wavers, young timberlings left standing in a
falling wood.

To Wax, to increase in size. ^' He waxes like a
selly," like the silex or willow, which grows
rapidly.

Wax, growth. " He has not got his wax,'' not
yet attained his growth.

Wax-kernel, glandular enlargements in flesh;
said to be more common among young people
who are growing than among the more mature.

Wead. See Wud.

Weaks or WiKEs, the comers of the mouth.

Weaky, moist, juicy. " Over weaky," too soft.

A Wearing, a consumption. ^^ She went off in a
wearing."

Weary Creature ! an exclamation to a trouble-
some child, as one calculated to wear out the
patience.

Weather-breeders, those signs or phenomena
which sailors and country people remark as
foretelling a storm; for instance, an unusually
warm and serene day, which we say is '' too
fine for the season." This is oft asserted to

GLOSSARY. 191

be a weather-breeder. The streaky redness of
the sky iB similarly interpreted.

Weatheb-fast^ detained on account of the weather.

Wbazand or WizzoN, the windpipe.

Wed, married. "When are you boun to be wed?"
going to be married.

Wbddingers, the bridal party.

Wedg'd^ hard and surcharged^ as the diseased
udder of a cow with milk. " A wedged ure.^^

Weean^ a term for woman as commonly heard
among the uneducated as the word ^'wife."
See IVife,

Weeanish^ womanish^ effeminate.

Wbe AN-STBUCKEN, womau -struck^ love-smitten.
See Fellow'fond.

Wbfted^ interwoven or intermixed. '^ He gat sair
weffced wP bad company," sorely involved.

Weigh-scales or Weigh-bauks, shop scales or
balances. "That affair is still i^ t^ weigh
scales/^ still in the hands of justice for deci-
sion. '^ He gets nowther better nor warse, he
is still i^ t* weigh scales, — it ^s now whither
way he turns," neither better nor worse, and
it now depends what turn the complaint may
take.

To Welt, to chastise or flog with a strap or belt.

A Welting, a castigation.

Went, vast. " A went sum," a large amount.

A Went Micrle, very much. " A went mickle
o' money."

Wetshod, wet-footed, the reverse of dryshod.

A Whack, a large quantity. " A whack on^ t,"
abundance.

To Whafp, to bark like a cur. To go " whaffing
about," as a tell-tale. Also, as the pot pufi*s
in the act of boiling.

192 GLOSSARY.

A Whaling or Whealing, a flogging with a thong,
as when '* wheals '^ or ridges from the effects
rise upon the skin. See Beeang'd.

To Whalley, to stroke the back of an animal good
humouredly^ to induce a person by wheedling
or flattery.

A Whang, a large slice of anything. • '^ A whang
of bread.'* "A whanging lot/' a huge quantity.

A Whang, a forcible fall. " It came down with a
mighty great whang."

To Whang, to fling down with force. Also to eat
and swallow voraciously. ^'He devours his
meat in great whangs.''

A Whang or Whbeang, a thong of leather or
whipcord. ''A whang over the back," a
whipping.

To Whangle, to shake as a wall previous to the
downfall. ^^ Take care, it' s beginning to
whangle."

What on ? the inquiry. What did you say ? by the
person addressed, who has not heard.

What's aloft? what 's the matter?

Wheals or Whalings. See A Whaling.

Wheangs. "A pair of pepper wheangs," says
Mr. Marshall, "is an old-fashioned pepper-
mill of most simple construction." Having
never seen the machine, we are not able to
describe it.

Wheeang. See TVhang, a thong.

Wheeas owt? the inquiry. Whose is it, or who
does the article belong to?

Wheeas o' Thee ? the question commonly put to
unknown children — What is your name ? or,
literallv, who owns you, or who do you belong
to?

GLOSSARY. 193

A Whelk^ the kind of concussion which a body
receives on falling from a height.

To Whemmle^ to totter and then upset. '^ It
whemmled ower/^ It is said of Sir Walter
Scott^ that he was so struck with the expres-
siveness of this term as used by a labourer^
that he presented the man with half-a-crown.
See what is related of Stiller.

To Whemmle abqut^ to shake up water in the act
of rinsing.

To Whbwt or Whbwtlb, to whistle in a slight de-
gree^ as a young bird beginning to sing.

To Whifv^ to smoke as with a pipe^ to puff. Also^
''the smoke whiffs down the chimney.^'

Whilk, which. " Whilk on ^em is ^t ?" which of
them is it ?

Whimly, softly.

Whins, fiirse, " Whin busks," bushes, — much used
in former times by bakers for heating their
ovens, when there was more waste land about
the neighbourhood than at present, which pro-
duced them.

Whippet. " A canny wee whippet of a woman,*'
a neat nimble little person.

A Whipping o' Galloways. ''There '1 be
bonny whipping o' galloways that day," — in
the sense of much haste and hurry on the occa-
sion. See Galloways.

To Whisk, to run past with whirling rapidity.
" He whisked by like a fire flaught." See the
latter term. Also, in the sense of lashing
with a whip, or plying any other implement
with dexterity.

A Whiskey, an old-fashioned one-horse chaise,
with a leathern hood or calash on spring- work

17

194 GLOSSARY.

for raising or lowering at pleasure ; now never
seen.
Whitby. "White village/' the name given to
the Saxon Streonshalh about two hundred
years after its destruction by the Danes^ or
when Reinfirid and his followers^ who had come
forth to the North as missionaries from Eves-
ham in Worcestershire, became the restorers
of the monastery in 1074. See Streonshalh.
The tpwn of Whitby, like its predecessor, ori-
ginated as a small dependency on the convent,
which had so far increased in wealth and
magnificence at the dissolution in 1539, as to
rank with ''the mitred abbies." The chief
patrons of this religious establishment were
the Percies, earls of Northumberland; and its
yearly revenue, mainly derived from property
in " Whitby Strand,^^ is given in the money
of the period at £505 and a fraction. See
Strand. After the decline of the abbey, up
to the beginning of the last century, Wbitby
seems to have been but little known. In
1626, there were only 76 small craft belong-
ing to it. In 1776, the number of vessels
stands at 251 ; and during the American and
French wars, there occurs an average of 21 ships
built annually at Whitby for different places, as
London, Hull, Shields, Liverpool, Berwick, and
Leith. In the present year, 1855, the regis-
tered number of vessels belonging to the port
is 397, with an aggregate burden of 62,727
tons, besides an amount of ownership in ves-
sels of the largest size, which sail from other
quarters. Cpok and Scoresby, names promi-

GLOSSARY. 195

nent in the nautical annals of this country,
both emanated from Whitby.

The town lies on the seacoast of the North
Riding of Yorkshire, at the mouth of the
river Esk, upon whose opposite banks it is
built. The two divisions thus formed, are
connected by a bridge opening upon the swivel
principle, for the passage of ships into the in-
terior harbour, or out to sea; while the exten-
sive piers at the entrance shape the direction
of the channel, into which there is guidance
in the night between two lighthouses raised
on the extremities of the piers, which are all
of hewn stone. The towering landmarks — the
abbey in ruins, and the old parish church on
the eastern cliff — command a view of the Ger-
man Ocean on the one hand, and the brown
moorlands encircling the nearer cultivated
landscape on the other, as far as the eye can
perceive. The church of the abbey — ^for all
the other conventual buildings have disap-
peared — exhibits in its remains of choir, north
transept, and nave, the three stages or styles
known as the " Lancet Gothic,^' the " Florid
or Decorated,^' and the " Perpendicular.'* The
length of the church in its cruciform plan, is
310 feet from east to west; and the transept,
when entire, has been 153 feet from north to
south. The square tower rose in the centre
of the cross intersection to the height of 104
feet. It fell in 1830.

The hills and valleys of the environs afford
scenery of the loveliest and most romantic
variety; and the coast is replete with fossils of
every description, of which there is a valuable

196 OLOSS&KT.

collection in the public museum. The borough
contains about 11^000 inhabitants; four epis-
copalian churches^ and nine places of worship
belonging to other denominations. B. Ste-
phenson, Esq., the eminent engineer, is its
representative in Parliament.

As this verbal collection tends towards
Whitby as its reference point, a descriptive
outline of the place, though it may here seem
to belong more to the topographer than the
glossarist, may not altogether be beyond the
present purpose. Further, our introductory
remarks assign a reason for the admission of
certain words not specifically dialectical, in
order to aid more comprisedly in the illustra-
tion of the subject.

To White or Whittle, to shave or plane wood
with a knife.

Whitings, wood shavings.

Whitehept, flattery, deceitfulness* "They white-
hefted him out on^t,'^ gained their point by
wheedling.

Wick, quick, alive. " As wick as an eel,'* lively.

To WicKEN, to resuscitate. To stimulate or hasten
on.

WicKsiLVBE. See Quicksilver Belts.

WiDDV, twigs of willow. '^The meat's aa tough
as widdy.''

Wife, the common term for an upgrown female,
married or unmarried. "A young wife,'' a
young woman. " An and wife," an old woman.

Wires. See Weaks.

WiLF, the willow.

Will ye, nill ye, willing or unwilling. '* They

GLOSSARY. 197

will take it will ye, nill ye/' by constraint or
force.

Winsome, winning, captivating. "A handsome
winsome young lady.''

The Wise Man. In many of the moorland
quarters hereabouts, there is what is popularly
designated "& wise man," whose pretensions
claim kindred with the wizard potency of the
miraculous ages. With spells and incanta-
tions against evil influences on the one hand,
and in favour of every fortunate ascendency in
your behalf on the other, those far-seers into
our future fate are also the discoverers of
stolen property, and the imparters of what
information you desire with regard to your
relatives at a distance about whom you may
appear soUcitous. The mystery of the healing
art too, comes within their province; and
the neighbourhood pronounces them to be
'^skeely and knowful in cow ills and horse
ills," in fact, " in ailments of all kinds outher
i' beast or body." A sage of this description^
pre-eminent in his vocation, wiU at times be
sent for from long distances by those who
believe in " the working of the oracle ;" and in
such cases, after having had " his hand crossed
with a golden fee," he will communicate
remedially by prescribing accordingly : the
ingredients of his pharmacopceia rivalling the
contents of the witches' caldron in the old
romances.

Wit on 't. "I hae just getten t' wit on't," let
into the secret or sense of the affair;
informed.

17 §

198 GLOSSARY.

To WiTB, to remind in the shape of reproof^ or of
casting an affair in one's teeth. " You need
not wite me with that/' as something which
the person is disinclined to hear about or at-
tend to.

A WiTHBEMBNT or WiTHBRiNG, the forcc or
shaking from the fall of a heavy substance.
" It came down with a bang and a wither*
ment." "It went past with a withering/'
shot by with rapidity.

Wizzbn'd^ pined and furrowed with long keepings
as " A wizzen'd apple."

WizzBN-FACBD^ skiuny looking.

WizzoN. See Weazand.

Wo THERE I the exclamation when danger is at
hand^ — ^beware^ or get out of the way.

Woe worth ye ! an ill wish^ may woe's lot befal
youl

Wold, large, open, hilly surface. "The Yorkshire
wolds/' where are probably some of the most
extensive fEoming operations in the county.

WooNKERs! an interjection of surprise.

Worken'd, twisted or entangled, wrought or
interwhirled.

Worn, in the sense of f&tigued or weary. "I'm
worn for want of sleep." "A worn man,"
wore out from old age or other causes.

Wossell'd, wrestled, attained to by strong endea-
vour. " We shall all get wosselled through in
time," our way made " through the world," or
to the end of our sojourn.

To WosTLE. See To Hostle.

WosTLER. See Hostler.

Wost-house. See Host-hottse.

Wots, oats. Wotmeal, oatmeal.

GLOSSARY. 199

WoT-WELL, a hang-nail or homy sproitt which

grows by the side of the finger-niul.
WouNDSj, Man ! an exclamation of rebnke, as

"Wounds, man, your lummerly hoofs are

down upon my corns V*
Wow, WowisH, wan, whitefaced. "She looks

rather wowish/'
Wreeangs, vestiges or wrinkles of dust or dirt

upon the skin. See Stattlesteads.
Wreeath, a circular woollen ring or pad, which

females use for the head, upon which to carry

" a skeel of water.^' See SkeeL
Wrowt, worked. "He's ower sair wrought,*'

over-worked. Also in a medicinal sense —

purged.
WuD or Wead, mad. "He went clean wud,''

completely mad. In Scotland they say "red

wud,** red-hot mad.
WuMMLE, an auger for boring with.
To WuN, to abide. " We wun at t' and spot yet/'

we live at the old habitation still.
Wyah, the assenting, "Very well.*'
Wye, a young heifer, a cow a year old. "A

young wye."
Wyke, a recess or hollow of the seacoast; a small

bay, as " Runswick Wyke.''

Y.

YABBLE or Yabbable, able, competent. "A
yabble kind of a man," a strong stout person.
Yabblish, able in the sense of wealthy. " They 're

a yabblish lot," a rich family.
A Yacker, an acre.

200 GLOSSARY.

To Yaffls^ to talk or mumble like a toothless

person.
Yah or Yan, one.
Yak, oak. "A piece o' brave and yak," of good

old oak.
Yakbbons, acorns.
Yal, ale. " A jill o' yal/' half a pint of ale. " A

yal-house/* a public-house.
To Yam, to eat. "Yamming/* eating, or more

particularly the audibility of the masticating^

process.
Yan, one. " Nay, nut yan on 'em,'' no, not one of

them.
Yannerly. /^A yannerly sort of a body," a

selfish person ; a person whom we say has a

constant eye to number one.
Yannerly, backward, unyielding, not with hearty

good will. " He was very shy and yannerly,"

unsocial.
Yap, a term applied to a cross or troublesome

child. " You young yap 1"
To Yark, to inflict strokes with a switch, the

flourishes of which, as they descend, cut the

air with a "yarking" or whistling quaver.
Yat, a gate. " A yat-cruke," a gate-hook or fast-
ener. " A yat-house," a gate or entrance

house, one through which a gated archway

opens into a court-yard. " A yat-stoup," a

gate-post.
Yat or Heeat, hot. " Beead yat," red hot.
Yawd, a riding horse.
To Yearn. See Earn,
Yearning or Yenning, cheese rennet.
To YeDj to track underground as the mole; to

burrow as the rabbit.

GLOSSARY. 201

Ybb-wan^ the yard-stick or wand for measuring
cloth with. Called also the Elwand.

To Yedder or Yether, to interweave or connect
with pliable twigs or osiers a row of upright
sticks or stobs in hedge work^ as in the
" Penny hedge."

Yennuts or Yernuts^ earth nuts.

Yerbs^ herbs.

Ybth WORM, earthworm. ''A poor yethwonn," a
miser ; a muckworm.

Yetlino, a small iron pot for culinary purposes.

Yoke-stick, the wooden shoulder-bar for carrying
the milk pails by suspension, having a sweep
cut out in the centre to fit below the milk-
man^s neck. ^^ As crooked as a yoke-stick,"
deformed. Also the wooden horseshoe-shaped
collar with which oxen are yoked.

To YoTTEN or YoTTLE, the act of swallowing,
deglutition. '*Be sharp and get it yottenM
down," urging the reluctant patient to take
his physic.

YoTTENiNG. '^A good yottcuiug o' yal," a good
drink of ale.

To YowDEN, to yield or acknowledge subjection.
*' She yowdens badly," as the gossips say of
of an ill-assorted match — she submits to her
husband reluctantly, or with an ill grace.

To Yowl or Yool, to howl as a dog; to cry.

YowN, an oven. " A yat yown," a hot oven.

To Yowp or YoPE, to yelp. " Prithee dinnot gape
and yowp so," do not bawl or talk so loud.

Yule-cake, the rich plimicake usually handed to
visitors from Christmas to New Year's Day,
which, by old-fashioned housekeepers, is com-
pounded about three weeks beforehand, for

202 GLOSSARY.

the purpose of acquiring mellowness. It is
not to be cut before Christmas-eve on any
account !

Yule Candles^ the large candles given by the
grocers to their customers as presents at
Christmas.

Yule Clog, the wooden clog for burning on
Christmas and New-Year's eves^ a portion of
which, if saved, will preserve the house from
fire tlurough the coming year I and it is some-
times the practice to light the new one by
burning the remains of the old one. The
carpenters' boys carry dogs about to the
houses of their masters^ customers, for which,
from the latter, they receive a small gift in
money. Further, for the three last terms.
Yule, &c., see Christmas Customs.

Z.

^OOKERINS! an expression of amasementj
^ the same as " Ziounds V

ADDENDA.

A.
An, if, or — as if. " It looks as an it would rain/'

B.

Brass nor Benediction. See Cross nor Coin^
BuRN-LiT-oN *T 1 an imprecation. " May burning

light on it.^'
BusKS; bushes. The word also occurs in Chaucer.

C.

CoupiNG Word. To have the ^'couping word/'
the last or decisive word which shall fix the
bargain or exchange. See 2b Coup.

Crofpen or Cropen, crept. "Where hae ye
gitten croppen to ?'' where are you hid*

E.

Eft, ready, apt. " He 's eptish at his book-
lear/' learning. Also, in the sense of nice or
neat.

Granbairn, grandchild.

204 GLOSSARY.

I-

Inklew£Avers. In explaining this term^ where it
said that inkle is a sort of coarse cloth^ — ready
a kind of narrow fillet or tape for shoe-bands
or shoe-ties.

J.

JosTLT. '^ A great jostly looking woman/^ as one
tremulous with &t^ jelly-like.

E.

[Venning. "You have grown quite out o'
kenning/' beyond my recognition or
knowledge. See To Ken.

S.
SpLETTBNj parted or split.

iiii ■ 1 1

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A NEW LIFE OF SHAKESPEARE, including many partioulaw-
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SHAKESPEARE'S VERSIFICATION and its apparent Irregularitiee
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Sidney Walker, formerly Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge; edited by W. Nanson
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recorded is valuable. We read his little vo-
lume with pleasure, and close it with re-
gret."— Zit/wary Gatette.

Other Fublkationa iUmtrative of Shakespeare^ s Life afid JTritings.

Malone^t Letter to Lr, Farmer (in

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WivelVe Historical Account of the

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Ireland^ 8 (W, H.) Vortigem^ an
Historical Play, represented at Drury
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*^^* The preface is both interesting and cu-
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8vo, sewed, Is.

YAIXTABLE ANT) INTEBESTINa BOOKS.

eipeare, identi^riiig tiie peraoi

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rem
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Mimbauiee ""Who wot *Jack Wil^

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8ro, Is.

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A Few Semarke on the JBmendo'

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A Few Words in 'Reply to Mr,
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By the Ber. Joseph Hunter, ^o, la.

The Orimaldi Shakespeetre, —
Notes and Emendations on the Plays of
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ON THE ORIGHN OF THE ENGLISH, Germanic, and Scandi-
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ANGLO-SAXON DELECTUS ; serving as a first Class-Book to the
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GUIDE TO THE ANGLO-SAXON TONGUE : on the Basis of

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and is compiled with ereat care and skill ; cheapness places it within the reach of

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ANGLO-SAXON VERSION OF THE HEXAMERON OF ST.

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ANGLO-SAXON VERSION OF THE STORY OF APOLLONIUS

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ANALEOTA ANGLO-SAXONICA.— A Selection, in Prose and Verse,

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POPULAR TREATISES ON SCIENCE, written during the Middle
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A PHILOLOGICAL GRAMMAR, grounded tmon English, and

formed from a comparison of more than Sixty Lanffuages. Being an Introduction to
the Science of Grammars of all Languaffes, especiafiy English, Lmui, and Greek. By
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the Dorset Dialect/' "Anglo-Saxon Delectus,'^ &c. Svo (pp. 822), doth, 98.

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cimen of the manner in which the advaue* may be made to expound a true adenee of

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tion of English Grammar." — Edinimrgh English Grammar, but he has continnallv

Ouardian. referred to comparative philology, and

" Of the science of Grammar, by indue- sought to render lus work illustrative of

tion from the philological facts of many general forma, in oonformi^ with princi-

languages, Mr. Barnes has, in this volumei, pies common, more or less, to the language

supuli^ a concise and comprehensive ma^ of all mankind. More than sixty langfuages

num. Grammarians may differ as to the have been compared in the course of pre-

regularity of the principles on which na- paring the volume i and the general prin-

tiuns have constructed their forms and ciples laid down will be found useful in the

usages of speech, but it is generally allowed study of various toogues. It is a learned

that some conformity or similarity of prac- and philoai^^cal treatise."— £i^. Gag.

SKELTON'S (John, Poet La/areaU to Hen/ry VIII) Poetical Works;
the Bowge of Court, Colin Clout, Why come ye not to Court P (his celebrated Satire
on Wolsey), Phillip Sparrow, Elinour ILumming, &c. ; with Notes and Life. By the
Bev. A. Dyce. 2 vols. Svo, cloth, 14s. (original urice £1. 13s.)

''The power, the strangeness, the volu- manner, made Skelton one of the most ex-
bility of his language, the audacity of his traordinary writers of any age or country.**
■atire, and the perfect originality of his — Souihey.

EARLY HISTORY OF FREEMASONRY IN ENGLAND. lUus-
trated by an English Poem of the XlVth Century, with Notes. By J. O. UalUwell.
Post Svo, Second Hditiont with a taenmile of the original MS. in the British Mnsewn,
Cloth, 2s. 6d.

JOHN BUSSELL SMITH, 36, SOHO SQUARE, LONDON. 7

XOBSENT OF POSTUOAL ; an English Metrical Bomanoe. Now
flnt published, from an unique MS. of the XVth Century, presenred in the Chethaiu
Libxary at Manchester. £dited by J. O Halliwell, 8cc. Foit 8vo, cloth, uniforM
vitk BiUo»t H'eber, and BUu't piUtUcaiioiu. 5s.

"This is a valuable and interesting ad- to the collections of Bitson, Weber, and
dition to our list of early Enelish metrical Ellis." — lAterary GautU.
romances, and an indispensvue companion

HAREOWING- OF HELL ; a Miracle Play, written in the Reign of
Edwurd IT. Now first published, from the Original in the British Museum, with a
Modem Reading, Introduction, and Notes. By J. 0. Halliwell, Esq., F.B.S., E.S.A.,
8cc. 8vo, sewed, 28.

NUOJS POETIOA ; Select Pieces of Old English Popular Poetry,
illustrating the Manners and Arts of the XYth Century. Edited by J. 0. Halliwell.
Post 8vo, only 100 oopie$ printed, cloth, 5s.

ANEODOTA LITERARIA; a Collection of Short Poems in English,
Latin, and French, illustrative of the Literature and History of England in the Xlllth
Century ; and more especially of the Condition and Manners of tne different Classes
of Society. By T. Wright, M.A., 7.S.A.. &c. 8vo, cloth, only 250 copies printed, 6s.

BARA MATHEMATICA ; or, a CoUection of Treatises on the Mathe-
matics and Subjects connected with them, from ancient inedited MSS. By J. 0.
Halliwell. 8vo, Second Edition, cloth, Ss.

PHILOLOGICAL PROOFS of the Original Unity and Recent Origin
of the Human Race, derived from a Comparison of the Languages of Europe, Asia,
Africa, and America. By A. J. Johnes. 8vo, cloth, 68. (original price 12s. 6(L)

Printed at the suggestion of Dr. Frichard, to whose works it will be found a
osefnl Supplement.

^e&i

^ro&incial BiaUcts of ^njjlanb.

BIBLIOaRAPHICAL LIST of all the Works which have been pub-
lished towards illustrating the Florindal Dialects of Enghind. By John Russell
Smith. Post 8to, Is

" Very serviceable to such as prosecute .... We very oordially recommend it to
the study of our provincial dialects, or are notioe.*'
collecting works on that curious subject Metropolitan,

GLOSSARY OF PROVINCIAL AND LOCAL WORDS USED
IN ENGLAND; by F. Grose, F.S.A.: with which is now incorporated the Supple-
ment, by Samuel Fegge, F.S.A Post 8to, cloth, 4s. 6d.

Cornwall. — 8pecifnen» of Comuh
Prorincial Diuect, collected and ar-
ranged by Uncle Jan Treenoodle, with
some Introductory B«marks and a Glos-
sary by an Antiquarian Friend; also a
Selection of Songs and other Pieces con-
nected with Cornwall. Post 8vo, with
a curious portrait of LoUy Fentreath,
Cloth, 4s.

C^etkire. — Attempt at a Glossary
of some Words used in Cheshire. By
Soger Wilbraham, F.A.S., be. I2mo, bds.
St. 6d. (original price 6s.)

Dorset. — Poems of Sural Life, in
the Dorset Dialect, with a Dissertation
and Glossary. By the Bev. Wm. Barnes,
B.D. Second Edition, enlarged and cor-
rected, royal 12mo, cloth, lOs.

A fine poetic feeling is displayed
through the various pieces in this vo-
lume; according to some critics nothing
has appeared equal to it since the tirae
of Bums; the "Gentleman's Maga-
zine " for December. 1844, gave a re-
view of the First Eoition some pages
in length.

s

TALXTABLE AKD INTEBESTINa BOOS3.

J)evon8hir0. — A Deoonthire Dk^
logne, in four Parts (by lira. Palmer,
fuler to SirJosktta Rnnoids) with Glos-
■ary, bv the Rev. J. PhillippB, of Mem-
bury, Ilevon. ISmo, cloth, Vb. 6d.

Dwrham, — A €Ho9aary of Words

used in Teesdale, in the Coauty of Dor-
ham. Post 8vo, vUk a Map of the DU-
Met. Cloth, 68.

JEssex, — John Noakes and Mary
Styles : a Poem ; exhibition some of the
most striking lingual localisms pecuhar
to Essex; with a Glossary. By Charles
Clark, Esq., of Great Totham Hall,£B8ex.
Post 8vo, cloth, 28.

JjaneatAire.^Dialect of South Lam'
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Meary ; revised and corrected, with his
Bhymes, and an enlar^^d Glossary of
Words and Phrases, chiefly used by the
Rural Population of the Manufacturinff
Districts of South Lancashire. By Samud
Bamford. 12mo, Second Bditum. Cloth,
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Leicestershire Words, JPhrases,
and Proverbs. By A. B. Evans, D.D.,
Head Master of Market-Bosworth Oram-
mar School I2mo, cloth, 6s.

Northamptonshire, — The Dialect

and Folk-Lore of Northamptonshire : a
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cialisms, Collection of Vairy Legends,
Popular Superstitions, Ancient Customs,
Proverbs, &c. By Thomas Sternberg.
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Northamptonshire. — Glossary of
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illustrations, froji various Authors; to
which are added, the Customs of the
County. By Miss A. £. Baker. 2 vols,
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Sussex. — A Glossary of the iVio-
vincialisms of the County of Suasex.
By W. Durrant Cooper, F.t». A Post Bvo,
Second Edition, enlarged. Cloth, to.

Westmoreland and Cumberland. —

Dialogues, Poems, Songs, and BalladB,
by various Writers, in the Westmoreland
and Cumberland Dialects; now first
collected ; to which is added, a eopions
Glossary of Words peculiar to thoseCoua-
ties. Post 8vo (pp. 408), cloth, 98.

All the poetical quotations in *' Mr.
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Wiltshire, — A Glossary of JPro^
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Wiltshire, showing their Derivation in
numerous instances, from the LauKuage
of the Anglo-Saxons. By John Tonge
Akerman, Esq., P.SJL l^o, cloth, &

Wiltshire, ^c. — Spring TMe^ or
the Angler and his Friends. By J. Y.
Akerman. 12mo, flaUe, cloth, 3s. 6d.

These Dialogues incidentally illuBtrate
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Yorkshire. — The Yorkshire XHa'

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County; with a Glossajy. Post 8vo, Is.

A Glossary of Yorkshire Words
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12mo, cloth, 3s. 6d.

Yorkshire. -I%e Hallamshire {dis-
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Josepn Hunter, author of the History of
« Hallamshire," " South Yorkshire," kc
Post 8vo, cloth, 48. (original price Ss.)

> *-*w*'Virvyv/V\AAAAAAAy^'-»*^«* ^

arc!iaeolojj2*

A RCHJEOLOGHCAL INDEX to Remaine of Antiquity of the Celtic,

j\_ Bomano-British, and Anglo-Saxon Periods. By John Yonge Akerman, Fellow and

Secretary of the Societr.of Antiquaries. 8vo, illustrated with numerotts engramngtt

comprising upwards opfive hundred objects. Cloth, 16s.

This work, though intended as an intro- The plates, indeed, form the most v^uaJble

dnction and a guide to the study of our early
antiquities, wul, it is hoped, also prove of
service as a book of reference to the prac-
tised Archeeologist.

" One of the first wants of an incipient
Antiquary is the facility of comparison;
and here it is furnished him at one glance.

part of the book, both by their number and
the judicious selection of •types and exam-
ples which they contain. It is a book
which we can, on this account, safely and
warmly recommend to all who are interest-
ed in the antiquities of their native luuL"
— Literary Gexettc.

JOHN ETJSSELL SMITH, 86, SOHO SQUARE, LONDON. 9

REMAINS OF PACJAN SAZONDOM, principaUy from TumuH in
Bnglaad. Brawn from the OrieinalB. Describea and illustrated by John Yonge
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4to, illustrated with 40 goloub.ed plates, half morocco, £3.

The |>late8 are admirably executed by tion of the Author. It is a i»ork well worthy
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VESTIGES OF THE ANTIQUITIES OF DERBYSHIRE, and

the Sepulchral Usages of its Inhabitants, from the moetBemote Ages to the Reforma-
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EELIQUM: ANTIQULaS EBORACENSIS, or ReUcs of Antiquity,
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BELIQUIiB ISURIANiB : the Remains of the Roman Isorimn, now
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The most highly illustrated work ever published on aBoman Station in England.

DESCRIPTION OF A ROMAN BUILDINa, and other Remains,
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ARCH^OLOaiST AND JOURNAL OF ANTIQUARIAN

SCIENCE. Edited by J. O. HaUiwell. 8vo. Nos. I to X. eomplete, with Index (pp. 420),

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ULSTER JOURNAL OF AROH-ffilOLOQ^Y : conducted under the
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ARCHJEOLOGIA CAMBRENSIS.— A Record of the Antiquities,
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FixsT Ss&DES, complete, in 4 vols, 8vo, many plates and woodcuts, cloth, £2. 28.

Any odd Parts may be had to complete Sets.

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> ^<IXI>(l> l t> <

Numismatics^

INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY op ANCIENT AiO) MODERN
COINS. By J. y. Akerman, Secretary of the Society of Antiquaries. Foolscap Svo,
with numerous wood engravings from the original Coins (an excellent introductory
hook), cloth, 6s. 6d.

TRADESMEN'S TOl^ENS struck in London and its Vicinity, from
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Akerman, F.S.A. Svo, with 8 plates of numerous examples, cloth, 15s.
iMrge Paper, in 4to, cloth, £1. Is.

This work comprises a list of nearly three and coffee-house sis^ns, kc. See. See., with

thousand Tokens, and contains occasional an introductory account of the causes

iilustrative topographical and antiquarian which led to the adoption of such a cur*

notes on persons, pluces, streets, old tavern rency.

10 VALXJABLB AKD INTEEESTIKa BOOKS.

ANCIENT COINS OF CITIES AND PRINCES, G©o^:raphioaIIv
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COINS OF THE EOMANS RBLATINa TO BRITAIN, Described
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NUMISMATIC ILLUSTRATIONS of the Narrative Portions of the
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Coins in various public and private Collections. Cloth, Ss.

NUMISMATIC CHRONICLE AND JOURNAL OF THE NUMIS-
MATIC SOCIETY. Edited by J. Y. Akerman. Fublished Quarterly, at 3s. 6d.
per Number.

This is the only repertory of Numismatic a^ and countries, by the first Numiama-
intetligenoa ever published in Eneland. It tuts of the day, both English and Fordga.
contains papers on coins and medals, of all Odd parts to complete sets.

LIST OF TOKENS ISSUED BY WILTSHIRE TRADESMEN

in the Seventeenth Century. By J. Y. Akerman. 8vo, plates, sewed. Is. 6d.

LECTURES ON THE COINAOE OF THE GREEKS AND

ROMANS, DeliTcred in the University of Oxford. By Edward Cardwell, D.D., Prin-
ci])al of St. Alban's Hall, and Professor of Ancient History. 8vo, cloth, 4s. (ordinal
pnce bs. 6d.)

A very interesting historical volume, and written in a pleasing and popular manner.

HISTORY OF THE COINS OF CUNOBELINE, and of the
ANCIENT BRITONS. By the Rev. Beale Foste. 8vo, with numerous plates and
woodcuts, cloth {only 40prtnUd), £1. 8b.

<tS>(t » «> <

EopograpijS*

JOURNEY TO BERESFORD HALL, in Derbyshire, the Seat of
Charles Cotton, Esq., the celebrated Author and Anglf>r. By W. Alexander, F.S.A.,
F.L.S., late Ke«per of the Prints in the British Museum. Crown 4to, pnnled on
tinted paper, with a spirited frontispiece, representing Walton and his adopted Sim
Cotton tn the Fishing-house, and vignette title-page. Cloth, 6s.

Dedicated to the Anglers of Great Britain and the various Walton and Cottoa
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ARCBLSOLOGICAL MINE ; a Magazine, in which will be oomprised
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Farts 1 to sii. Published Monthly. Is. each.

NOTES ON THE CHURCHES in the Counties of KENT, SUSSEX,
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some Account of the Sepulchral Memonals and other Antiquities. By the Bev. Aithw
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KENTISH CUSTOMS.— ConsuetudinesKancifiB. AHistoir of Oavbl-
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Esq., F.S.A. {jCatUiattus). Illustrated with facsimiles: avery handsome volume. Cloth, Ifts.

HISTORY AND ANTIQUITIES of RICHBOROUGH, RECUL-

Y£1BL» and LYMNE, in Kent. By C. &. Roach Smith, Esq., F.S.A. SmaU 4io, with

many engravings on wood and copper, by F. W. Fairholt. Cloth, £1. Is.

•• No antiquarian volume could display a seuted—Eoach Smith, the ardent exploxer •

trio of names more xealous, successful, and Fairholt, the excellent illustrato-^ma

intelligent, on the subject of &omano-Bri- Eolfe, the indefatigable oollector.**— £<«-

tidi remains, than the three here repre- rary Gtueette,

JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 36, SOHO SQUABB, LONDON. 11

HISTORY AND ANTIQUITIES oi DARTFORD, in Kent j with
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HISTORY OP THE TOWN ov GRAVESEND, in Kent, and of the
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ACCOUNT ov THi ROMAN Aim othbb ANTIQUITIES discovered
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HISTORY OF ROMNEY MARSH, in Kent, from the time of the

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CRITICAL DISSERTATION on Professor WilHs's "Architectural
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HISTORY AND ANTIQUITIES of the TOWN of LANCASTER.

Compiled f^om Authentic Sources. By the Key. Kobert Simpson. 8vo, cloth, 8s.

A DESCRIPTIVE ACCOUNT of LIVERPOOL, as it was during
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In addition to information relative to the have never been previously published, re-

Pabiic BuildineB, Statistics and Commerce spectinz the pursuits, habits, and amuse*

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rious and interesting particulars which that period, with views of its public edifices.

NOTICES OF THE HISTORY and ANTIQUITIES of ISLIP,
Oxon. By J. 0. Halliwell. 8vo {only 50 printed), sewed. Is.

HISTORY OF BANBURY, in Oxfordshu«e; including Copious His-
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HISTORY OF WITNEY, with Notes of the Neighhouring Parishes
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College, Oxford. 8vo, plates. Cloth (only Imprinted), 68.

HISTORY OF THE PARISH and TOWN of BAMPTON, in Oxford-
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SUSSEX GARLAND.— A CoUection of Ballads, Sonnets, Tales,
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Historical, Biographical, and Descriptive. By James Taylor. Post 8vo, engravings.
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HISTORY AND ANTIQUITIES of the ANCIENT PORT and
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HISTORY OF WINCHELSEA, in Sussex. By W. Durrant Cooper,

F.S.A.- 8vo, fine plates and woodcuts, 7s. 6d.

CHRONICLE OF BATTEL ABBEY, m Sussex ; originally compiled
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an Abstract of the subsequent History of the Abbey. By Mark Antony Lower, M.A.
8vo, with illustrations. Cloth, 9s.

HAND-BOOK to LEWES, in Sussex, Historical and Descriptiye;
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12mo, many engravings. Cloth, Is. 6d.

CHRONICLES of PEVENSEY, in Sussex. By M. A. Lower. 12mo,
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12 VALUABLB AND INTERESTINO BOOKS.

MEMORIALS ov thb TOWN ov SEAFORD, Sussex. By M. A.
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HISTORY AND ANTIQUITIES of the TOWN op MARL-
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This Yolnme describes a portion of Wilts not included by Sir JL G. Hoare and
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HISTORICAL ACCOUNT ov the CISTERCIAN ABBEY op

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ANNALS AND LEGENDS OP CALAIS; with Sketches of Emigi^
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Cloth, Ss.

A very entertaining volume on a town ftiU of historical associations connected
with England.

f^eralUrs^ (Sntealoss^ anb Surnames^

e

CURIOSITIES OP HERALDRY; with Illustrations from Old
English Writers. Bv Mark Antony Lower, M.A., author of " Essays on Engtidi
Surnames ;" with iUuminated title-page^ and numerous engravings from designs bg
the Author. 8vo, cloth, 14s.

PEDIGREES OP the NOBILITY and GENTRY op HERTFORD-
SHIRE. By William Berry, late, and for fifteen years, Registering Clerk in the Col-
If ^e of Arms, author of the " Encyclopaedia Heraldica," be. &c Folio {onlg 126
prtnted). £1. 6s. (original price £3. 10s).

GENEALOGICAL and HERALDIC HISTORY of the Extinct and
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Medium 8vo. Second Edition. 638 closely printed pages, in double eolumnSy with about .
1000 Arms engraved on wood^fine portrait of James I. Cloth, 10s. (original price £1. 8s.}

ENGLISH SURNAMES.— An Essay on Family Nomendature, ffis-
torical. Etymological, and Humorous; with several illustrative Appendices. Bv Marie
Antony Lower, M.A. 2 vols, post 8vo. Third JBdition^ enlarged^ woodcuts. Cloth, 18s.

This new and much improved edition, be- Allusive Arms, and the Roll of Battd

fides a great enlargement of the chapters. Abbey, contaitf dissertations on Inn Signs

contained in the previous editions, com- and remarks on Christian names; with a

prises several that are entirely new, to- copious Index of many thousand names.

gether with notes on Scottish, Irish, and These features render " English Surnames*

Aorman surnames. The '* Additional Pro- ratiier a new work than a new edition,
lusions," besides the articles on Rebuses,

INDEX TO THB PEDIGREES and ARMS contained in the Henlci^
Visitations and other (Seuealogical Manuscripts in the British Museum. By K Sina^
of t fie Manuscript Departmetit. 8vo, closely printed in double columns. Cloth, 15s.

An indispensable work to those engaged ing the different families of the same name

in Genealc^ical and To))Ographical pursuits, in any county), as recorded by the HeraMl

affording a ready clue to the Pedigrees and in their Visitations between the years 15S8 ;

Arms of nearlv 40,000 of the Gentry of to 1((86. I

Xnglaud, their Residences, &c. (distinguish-

A GRAMMAR op BRITISH HERALDRY, consisting of "Blazon"
and " Marshalling ;" with an Introduction on the Rise and Progress of SymbnU aoi
Ensigns. Hy the Rev. W. Sloane-Evans, BJL 8vo, with 26 pltUes^ comprising iip*
warM of 4SX) figures. Cloth, 5s.

One of the best introductions ever published.

]

JOHN ETOSELL SMITH, 86, SOHO SQUAEE, LONDON. 13

A FLEA FOB THE ANTIQUITY of HEBALDBY, with an Attempt
to Expound it« Theory and Elucidate its HiBtoiy. By W. Smith Ellis, Esq., of the
Middle Temple. 8to, sewed. Is. 6d.

BABONIA ANGLIA CONCENTBATi ; or, a Concentration of aU
the Baronies called Baronies in Fee, deriving their Orinn from Writ of Summons, and
not from any specific Limited Creation ; riiowing the Descent and Line of Heirship,
as well as those Fkunilies mentioned by Sir Willuun Dugdale, as of those whom that
celebrated Author has omitted to notice : interspersed with Interesting Notices and
Sxplanatory Bemarks. Whereto is added the Proofs of Parliamentaiv Sitting from
the Beiffn of Edward I to Queen Anne ; also, a Glossary ofDcrmaxU EngUsh, scotch,
mtd Irish Peerage lUUs, witn references topreswmed existing Heirs. By Sir T. C. Banks.
S Tols. 4to, doth, £8. 8s; new cffered/w ISs.

A hook of great research by the well- former works. The second volume, pp. 210-

known author of the "Dormant and Extinct 800, contains an Historical Account of the

Peerage," and other heraldic and historical ' first settlement of Nova ScoUa, and the

works. Those fond of geneal(^cal pursuits foundation of the Order of Nova Scotia

ought to secure a copy while it is so cheap. Baronets, distinguishing those who had

It may be oonaiderea a Supplement to his seisin of lands there.

Sim arts*

PLAYING- CABDS.— Facta and Speculations on the History of
Phiying Cards in Europe. By W. A. Chatto, author of the "History of Wood
Engraving;** with Illustrations by J. Jackson. 8vo, profusely iUustuUed with
engranngSf both plain and eoloHrea. Cloth, £1. Is.

"The inquiry into the origin and siniifi-
eation of the suits and their marks, and the
heraldic, theological, and political emblems
pictured from time to time, in their changes,
opens a new field of antiquarian interest;
and the perseverance with which Mr. Chatto
has explored it leaves httle to be gleaned
by his successors. The phites with which
ue volume is enriched add considerably to
its vtiiae in this point of view. It is not to
be denied that, take it altogether, it con-
tains more matter than has ever before
been collected in one view upon the same

subject. In spite of its faults, it is ex-
ceedingly amusing ; and the most critical
reader cannot fail to be entertained by the
variety of curious outlying learning Mr.
Chatto has somehow contrived to draw into
the investigations." — Atlas.

''Indeed the entire production deserves
our warmest approbation.'*— -£*/. Gat.

" A perfect nmd of antiquarian research, .
and most interesting even to persons who
never play at cards.^— 3Vtt7V Mag.

"A curious, entertaining, and really
learned hook."SambUfr.

HOLBEIN'S DANCE OF DEATH ; with an Historical and Literary
Introduction, by an Antiquary. Square post 8vo, with 63 ennrwnngs— being the most
accurate copies ever executed of these Gems of Art — and a frontispiece of an ancieni
bedstead at Aix-la^ChapeUe, with a Dance of Death carted on it, engraved by FairhoU,
Cloth, 98

** The designs are executed with a spirit " Ces 53 planches des Schlotthauer soQt

and fidelity quite extraordinary. They are d'une exquise perfection."— £an^to>, Bsstd
indeed most truthfuL'*-'^/Am«f(M. sur Us Dances des Moris.

a?HE BOOK OF COMMON PBAYEB (present Version). Small 8to,

beautifully printed by Whittinsham; every pafe ornamented with woodcut borders,

deigned by Hans Holbein and AUtert Durer, copied from the celebrated Book of Prayer

tolled "Qtjxkn £li2A.bkth*8." Antipie cloth, lOs. M.— Plain morocco, flexible tack,

satdgiU edges, 14*. — Antique morocco, bevelled boards, edges gilt and tooled, 168. 6d.

Containing upwards of 700 pa«;es. The designs represent scenes in Scripture

History, the Virtues and Vices, I^mce of Death with all conditions of persons, 8bc.

be., illustrated with impropriate mottoes.

MEHOIBS OF PAINTINO, with a Chronological History of the
Importation of Pictures by the Great Masters into England since the Krench B«jro-
lutuuL By W. Bachanaa. S vols. 8to, bosids* 7b* (ML (original price £1. to.)

14 VALUABLE AND INTEEESTINa BOOEIS.

ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTUBB op the COUNTY o»

ESSEX, from the Norman Era to the Sixteenth Century; with Plans, ElerationL
Sections, Details, 8k., from a Series of measured Drawings and Architectural and
Clironological Descriptions. By James Hadfield, Architect. Imperial 4to, 80 pUUet,
ludker back, cloth tides, £1. lU. 6d.

HISTOIBE DE L'ABCHITECTUBE SACBEE du qnatri^me aa
dixi^me sitele dans les anciens 6v6ch6s de Geneve, Lausanne et ^ion. Par J. D.
Blavignac, Architecte. One toL 8vo (pp 460), and S? Plates, and a 4to Atlas of 83
plates of Jrchitecture, SculptHre, Frescoes, Beltquaries, ire. /*c. £3. lOt.

A very remarkable Book, and worth tne notice of the Architect, the Archnologiflt^
and the Artist.

ooo

popular $oetrs> tlTales, anli Superstitions.

THE NUBSEBY BHYMES or ENGLAND, collected ohi^y fi«m
Oral Tradition. Edited by JO. Halliwell. The nm Rditum, enlarged, with nm-
menus Designs, iv W. B. Scott, Director of t^ School cfDengn^ Jfewcastte-oet^Tgne.
ISmo, cloth, gilt leases, is. 6d.

FOPULAB BHYMES avd NUBSEBY TALES, with Historical
Elucidations. By J. 0. HalliwelL ISmo, doth, 4b. 6d.

This very interesting volume on the Tra- Bhymes, Places and Pamilies, Superstition

ditional Literature of Entrland is divided Rhymes, Custom Rhymes, and Nursery

into Nursery Antiquities, Fireside Nursery Songs ; a large number are here printed for

Stories, Game Biiymes, Alphabet Rhymes, the first time. It may be connderea a

Riddle Rhymes, Nature Songs, Proverb sequel to the preceding article.

OLD SONGS AVD BALLADS.— A Little Book of Songs and Ballads,

fUhered from Ancient Music Books, MS. and Printed, by £. F. Rimhiwilt., T<L.D,
.S.A., be., elegantly printed in post 8vo, pp.340, halfmoroeeOt 6b.

*' Dr. Rimbault has been at some pains used to delight the msttca of fomer
to collect the words of the Songs which times."— .<tf/to.

BALLAD BOMANCES. Bj B. H. Home, Esq., Author of " Orion,"
be. 18mo (pp. 248), cloth, 8s. (original price 6s. 6d.)

Containing the Noble Heart, a Bohemian "Pure fancy of the most abundant and

Legend; the Monk of Swineshead Abbey, picturesque description. Mr. Home should

a ballad Chronicle of the Death of King write us more Fairy Tales ; we know none

John ; the Three Knights of Camelott, a to equal him since the days of Dntyton and

Fairy Tale; the Ballad of Delora, or the Herrick."— ^amin«r.

Passion of Andrea Como; Bedd Gelert, a "The opening poem in this volume is a

\Velsh Legend; Ben Capstan, h Ballad of fine one; it is entitled the 'Noble Hear^*

the Night Watch; the Elfe of the Wood- and not only in title but in treatment

lands, a Child's Story. well imitates the style of Beaumont and

Fletcher.'*— ^^AfMStfin.

WILTSHIBE TALES, lUustratiye of the Manners, Customs, and

Dialect of that and adjoining Counties. By John Yonge Akerman. ISmo, cloth, Sb. 6d.

" We will conclude with a simple but the stories as it is interesting as a picture

hearty recommendation of a little book of rusUc manners."

which is as humorous for the drolleriea of IMUs's Weeil^Faper.

MEBBY TALES ov the WISE MEN ov GOTHAM. Edited by
James Orchard Halliwell, Esq., F.SJL. PoBt8vo,l8.

SAINT PATBICK'S PUBGATOBY.— An Essay on the Legends of

Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise, current during the Middle Ages. By lliomaa Wiisht
M.A., F.8.A., 8m5. Post 8vo, cloth, 6s. -» - -e •»

** It must be observed that this is not a over, it embraces a singular chapter of lite-
mere account of St. Patrick's Purgatory. rary history, omitted by Warton and sB
but a complete history of the leeends azia former writers with whom we ax« acqoainW
superstitions relating to the subject, from ed ; and we think we may add, that it forms
the earliest times, rescued from old MSS. the best introduction to Dante that has yet
as weU as firom ola printed books. Moie> been publtshed."— It^raiy Qaxette.

JOHK EUSSELL SMITH, 86, SOHO SQUABB, LONDON. 15

HANDBOOK TO THE LIBRARY ov the BRITISH MUSEUM}
containing a brief History of iti Formation, and of the rarions Collections of whicb
it is composed; Descriptions of the Catalogues in present use; Classed Lists of
the Manuscripts, &c.; and a variety of information indispensable for literanr Men;
with some Account of the principal Public Libraries in Loudon. By Bichanl Sims,
of the Department of Manuscripts, Compiler of the " Index to the Heralds'
Visitations.'* Small 8vo (pp. 438), wiih map and plan. Cloth, 58.

It will be found a veir useful work to every literary person or public institution
in all parts of the world.

*'A little handbook of the Library has book to the library of the British Museumy'

been published, which I think will be most which I sincerely hope may have the suc-

useful to the Public." — Lord Seymour's oess which it deserves." — Letter from J%o$,

Iteyly in the House of Commons, July, 18M. Wright, Ssq., F.S.A., Author of Me *Biognh

« I am much pleai^ with your book, and phia Britannica Literaria,' ^c.

And in it abundance of information which " Mr. Sims's ' Handbook to the library

1 WBXited.**— Letter from Albert Way, Esq., of the British Museum' is a very compre-

I£.A., Editor of tHe "Fromplorium Fat' hensive and instructive volume

vulorum," ^c. I venture to predict for it a wide drcolfr*

"I take this opportunity of telling you tiou." — Mr. Bolton Comey, in "Notes and

bow much I like your nice little ' Hand- Queries," No. 213.

A MANUAL JOB the GENEALOGIST, TOPOGRAPHER, AN-
TIQUARY, AHD LEGAL PROFESSOR; consisting of a Guide to the various Publie
Bec<»ds, Registers, Wills, Printed Books, &c. Sec. By Richard Sims, of the British
Museum, Compiler of the " Handbook to the library of the British Museum,**
" Index to the Pedigrees in the Heralds' Visitations," &c.

A BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CATALOGUE op ENGLISH WRITERS

ON ANGLING AND ICHTHYOLOGY. By John Russell Smith. Post Bvo, sewed. Is. 6d.

BIBLIOTHECA MADRIGALIANA— A Biblioffraphioal Account of
the Musical and Poetical Works published in Enzland during the Sixteenth and
Seventeenth Centuries, under the Titles of Madrigals, Ballets, Ayres, Canzonets, 8cc
&c. By Edward F. Rimbault, LL.D., ^.S A. 8vo, cloth, &s.

It records a class of books left unde- furnishes a most valuable Catalogue of
BCribed by Ames, Herbert, and Dibdin, and Lyrical Poetry of the age to which it refers.

THE MANUSCRIPT RARITIES ov the UNIVERSITY op
CAMBRIDGE. By J. 0. HaUiwell, f .R.S. 8vo, boards, 38. (original price lOs. 6d.)
A companion to Hartshorne's " Book Rarities " of the same University.

SOME ACCOUNT op the POPULAR TRACTS, formerlv in the
library of Captain Cox, of Coventry, a. o. 1576. By J. 0. Halliwell. 8vo (only 50
printea), sewed. Is.

CATALOGUE op the CONTENTS op the CODEX HOL-
BROOKIANUS. (A Scientific MS.) By Dr. John Holbrook, Master of St Peter's
CoUege, Cambridge, U18-I4S1). By J. 0. Haltiwell. 8vo,l8.

ACCOUNT OP THE VERNON MANUSCRIPT. A Volume of Early
English Poetry, preserved in the Bodleian library. By J. 0. HaUiwell. 8vo (onl^ W
printed). Is.

BIBLIOTHECA CANTIANA.— A Biblioffraphical Acoomit of what
has been pubUshed on the History, Topogn^[>hy, Antiquities, Cnatoms, and Family
Genealogv of the County of Kent, with Bic^raphical Notes. By John Russell Smith.
In a handsome 8vo volume (pp. S70), tritk two plates <tf faesimiles of At/^ograaJu <d
S8 eminent Kentish Writers. 5s. (original price 14a.)— Lai^e Faper, lOs. 6d.

BIBLIOMANIA in the Middle Ages ; or, Sketches of Book-woims,
Collectors, Bible Students, Scribes, and Illuminators, from the Anglo-Saxon and
Gorman Periods; with Anecdotes, illustratiiuK the History of the Monastic libraries
of Qreat Britain. By F. S. ICerry weather. Square I3mo, doth, Ss.

16 YALUABLE A2CD INTBBESTINa BOOSIS.

Miscellanies^

SPBINGhTIBE ; OB, THE ANGLER and HIS FBIENDS. Bj
John Tonge Akecman. ISmo, plaUs. . Cloth, 3t. 6d.

9 Cttbute to % iPOemors of SSEtlltam (SDoxton*

THE GAME OT THB GHESSE.— In email folio, im sheets, £1. 16s.|
or, (oKMi w ca^, a»fi{«« «^y I0, £3. Ss.; or, m morocco, with Mver clatps /■ dow«#, £3. Sf .

IVeqiieiitly as we read of the Works of present aee into somewhat neater JBtimacy^

Oaxton and tiie early English Printers, and with the Fkther of Bnglish Frintert.

ut their Black Letter Books, verf few per- The Type has bken carefully nn-

have ever had tike ojiportnnity of see- tatsd, and the cuts traced, from the copy in

tag any of these prodnctions, and ibmiing a the British Museum. The Pimer and Water-
proper estimate of tibe ingenuitr and slall marks hare also been made ezpreBslv, as
ottnose who lint practised the *< Noble Art near as possible, like the original; and tiie
ofPrinting." Book is aooompanied by a few remarks of

a practical nature, which have been sng-

This reprodnction of the first work print- vested dvuing the progress of the fount, and

ed by Caxton at Westminster, containing the necessary studv and comparison of

SS woodcuts, is intended in some measure Caxton's Wonu with those of his contem-

to supply this defldeney, and bring the poraries in Germany, by Mr. Y. Jf'iGOiivs.

ANTIQUITIES OF 8HR0PSHIBE. By the Rev. B. W. Eyton,
Keetor of Ryton. Boyal 8vo, with plates. Vols. I. k. II, £1 each.

THE BAYEUX TAPESTBY ELUCIDATED. By the Bev. Dr. John

Collingwood Bruce, Author of the " Roman WaU. '* 4to, a handsome volume, illustratei
frith 17 COLOUKED plates, representing the entire Tapestry. Bxtra hoards, £1. Is.

TONSTALL (Cuthbert, Bishtm of Durham} Sermon preached on Fahn
Sunday, 15S9, before Henry YIIL; reprinted verbatim from the rare Edition fty
Barthelet, in 1689. 12mo, is. 6d.

An exceedinglT interesting Sermon, at the commencement of the Refinrmation;
Strype, in his " Memorials," nas made large extracts firom it.

ABCHEBY. — The Science of Archery, showing its Affinity to Heraldry,
and capabilities of Attainment. By A. P. Harrison. Bvo, sewed. Is.

HISTOBY OP OREGON and CALIFOBNIA and the other Terri-
tories on the North-West Coast of America, accompanied by a Geographical View and
Map, and a number of Proofs and Illustrations of tne History. By Robert Greenhow,
Librarian of the Department of State of the United States. Thick 8to. Large Map.
Cloth, 6s. (pub. at L6s.)

UTEBABY COOKEBY; with Beference to Matter attributed to
Coleridge and Shakespeare. In a Letter addressed to the " Athenieum,*' with a
Postscript containing some Remarks upon the refusal of that Journal to print it.
8ro, sewed. Is.

FOUB POEMS FROM "ZION*S FLOWEBS;" or, Christian Poems

for Spiritual Edification. By Mr. Zacharie Boyd, Minister in Glasgow. Printed from

his MS. in the Library of the University of Glasgow; with Notes of his Life and

Writings, by Gab. NeiL Small 4Ao, portrait and facsimile. Cloth, 10s. 6d.

llie abore forms a portion of the well- dilisent penual. Boyd was a contemDomy

known " Zachary Boyd's Bible." A great of Shakespeare, and a great many pnraaet

many of his words and phrases are ctirious ixi his " Bioie " are the same as to be founi

and amusing, and the Book would repay a in the great southern Dramatist. j

VOYAGES, Belations, et Memoires originaux pour sernr ^ THistoiro
de la D6couTerte de rAmArique, pubU6s pour la premiere fois en Francais. Pat
H. Ternaux-Compans. SO toIs. 8to, both Series, and complete. Sewed, £s. 10s.

A valuable collection of early Yoyaffes translations of unpublished Spanish MSS.
■ad Relations on South America; lUso principally relating to Old and New Mexico.

TUCKSB AKD CO., PSIAZZXS, PSaax'S PLACI, OXIOSD 8TBSST.

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